Gastric Outlet Obstruction

The hindering of output from the STOMACH into the SMALL INTESTINE. This obstruction may be of mechanical or functional origin such as EDEMA from PEPTIC ULCER; NEOPLASMS; FOREIGN BODIES; or AGING.

Also Known As:

Gastric Outlet Obstructions; Obstruction, Gastric Outlet; Obstructions, Gastric Outlet; Outlet Obstruction, Gastric; Outlet Obstructions, Gastric

Networked: 1035 relevant articles (92 outcomes, 97 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Digestive System Diseases: 1042
- Gastrointestinal Diseases: 5874
  - Stomach Diseases: 869
    - Gastric Outlet Obstruction: 1035
      - Pyloric Stenosis: 658
      - Pyloric Atresia

Related Diseases

1.	Stomach Neoplasms (Stomach Cancer)
2.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
3.	Pancreatic Neoplasms (Pancreatic Cancer)
4.	Vomiting
5.	Carcinoma (Carcinomatosis)

Experts

1.	Khashab, Mouen A: 16 articles (01/2022 - 10/2015)
2.	Baron, Todd H: 14 articles (08/2022 - 01/2002)
3.	Song, Ho-Young: 11 articles (01/2020 - 03/2002)
4.	Itoi, Takao: 9 articles (06/2022 - 02/2016)
5.	Nakai, Yousuke: 9 articles (10/2021 - 04/2012)
6.	Isayama, Hiroyuki: 9 articles (09/2017 - 08/2007)
7.	Maetani, Iruru: 9 articles (04/2014 - 10/2005)
8.	Hayashi, Kazuki: 8 articles (10/2021 - 08/2009)
9.	Kumbhari, Vivek: 8 articles (01/2021 - 10/2015)
10.	Nieto, Jose: 8 articles (01/2021 - 01/2017)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Gastric Outlet Obstruction:

1.	MetalsIBA 12/01/2012 - "Secondary stent-in-stent self-expanding metal stent placement is feasible and effective treatment for primary stent malfunctions in malignant gastric outlet obstruction. " 07/01/2008 - "To evaluate the efficacy of endoscopic self-expanded metal stent for the treatment of gastric outlet obstruction. " 11/01/2001 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of a newly designed expandable metal stent (Wallstent Enteral) to treat malignant gastric outlet obstruction. " 12/01/2023 - "Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography performed through a temporary lumen-apposing metal stent in a patient with a benign gastric outlet obstruction." 11/27/2023 - "Small Bowel Obstruction Caused by Migration of Fractured Metal Stent in Patients with Malignant Gastric Outlet Obstruction: A Report of Two Cases and Review of the Literature."
2.	CausticsIBA 01/01/2019 - "Background and study aims There is sparse data on the endoscopic management of caustic-induced gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). " 08/01/2022 - "Data was gathered from the patients who presented with gastric outlet obstruction with a pre-hospitalised history of corrosive intake. " 06/01/2022 - "Magnetic compression anastomosis for the treatment of complete gastric outlet obstruction due to corrosive injury." 01/01/2022 - "Caustic-induced gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) remains one of the important causes of long-term morbidity in patients with caustic ingestion. " 01/01/2020 - "gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) due to corrosive ingestion, particularly in children. "
3.	nitinolIBA 08/01/2011 - "Safety and efficacy of a new non-foreshortening nitinol stent in malignant gastric outlet obstruction (DUONITI study): a prospective, multicenter study." 09/07/2010 - "A newly designed big cup nitinol stent for gastric outlet obstruction." 03/01/2002 - "Malignant gastric outlet obstructions: treatment by means of coaxial placement of uncovered and covered expandable nitinol stents." 02/01/2016 - "This is a single-center, retrospective, case-controlled study, including 106 patients with symptomatic gastric outlet obstruction or duodenal fistula who received a covered nitinol duodenal stent by using through-the-scope/over-the-wire placement procedure. " 09/07/2010 - "To find out whether a newly designed big cup nitinol stent is suitable for treatment of patients with gastric outlet obstruction resulting from gastric cancer. "
4.	AntralIBA 01/01/2022 - "Gastric Outlet Obstruction Due to Antral Web in a Toddler." 07/01/2021 - "Gastric antral web (GAW) is a rare anomaly of the gastric antrum and can result in gastric outlet obstruction. " 01/01/2021 - "Background: Antral web is a rare cause of gastric outlet obstruction in children. " 06/01/2019 - "Congenital gastric antral web and congenital pyloric atresia are rare reasons of congenital gastric outlet obstruction (CGOO). " 10/01/2018 - "Congenital antral webs are a rare but relevant cause of gastric outlet obstruction in infants and children. "
5.	AcidsIBA 01/01/2020 - "Gastric outlet obstruction is known complication of acids and surgery is the mainstay of treatment. " 02/01/2021 - "Suicidal acid ingestion leading to gastric outlet obstruction treated by early definitive surgery-case report." 01/01/2016 - "Endoscopic Treatment of Gastric Outlet Obstruction Secondary to Accidental Acid Ingestion in a Child." 02/01/2011 - "Six men and two women (mean age of 34.3 [range 21 to 48 years]) had isolated gastric outlet obstruction following accidental (n=2) or suicidal (n=6) acid ingestion. " 11/01/2004 - "Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is a well-known complication of acid ingestion. "
6.	Pancrelipase (Creon)FDA Link 01/01/2015 - "This report suggests that pancrelipase may be beneficial in the treatment of patients with gastric outlet obstruction. " 01/01/2015 - "Pancrelipase allowed gastric contents to be evacuated in a short period of time in a patient with gastric outlet obstruction." 01/01/2015 - "Pretreatment of gastric outlet obstruction with pancrelipase: Report of a case." 01/01/2015 - "We treated a patient with advanced gastric cancer and gastric outlet obstruction with pancrelipase to aid in the removal of gastric contents. "
7.	ArgonIBA 10/01/2019 - "Complete debulking by argon plasma was done which improved gastric outlet obstruction and melena. "
8.	N- (2- cyclohexyloxy- 4- nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamideIBA 07/01/2012 - "Furthermore, in vivo administration of NS-398 in gastric outlet obstruction significantly improved gastric emptying. "
9.	BariumIBA 06/01/2011 - "Barium study revealed complete/near-complete gastric outlet obstruction in all patients. " 02/01/2007 - "Gastric outlet obstruction was strictly defined to include patients with clinical delayed gastric emptying supported by symptoms, barium swallow studies, persistent air-fluid level and dilated conduit on radiography, or endoscopic or surgical intervention to improve gastric drainage. " 10/01/1995 - "The diagnosis of gastric outlet obstruction was based on clinical presentation, an upper gastrointestinal barium study, and/or an inability during upper endoscopy to intubate the second portion of the duodenum. " 12/01/1994 - "Upper GI endoscopy and barium studies confirmed the diagnosis of functional gastric outlet obstruction. " 12/01/1991 - "Barium studies and upper endoscopy revealed gastric outlet obstruction with prepyloric ulcerations. "
10.	Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents (NSAIDs)IBA 11/01/1997 - "We report a patient with a history of long term NSAID use who presented with symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction due to the presence of a duodenal web." 04/01/2004 - "Both have been shown to reduce the risk of symptomatic ulcers and ulcer complications (perforation, gastric outlet obstruction, bleeding) by about 50% compared to classical NSAIDs used at their maximum therapeutic doses. " 07/01/1999 - "Use of NSAID was a contributing factor in 24% of patients admitted with upper GI bleeding, ulcer perforation, or gastric outlet obstruction. " 05/01/1998 - "Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID), although used frequently for the treatment of arthritis and musculoskeletal disorders, may produce deleterious effects related to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including dyspeptic symptoms, erosions, ulcers, and serious GI complications (i.e., bleeding, perforation, and gastric outlet obstruction). " 01/01/1996 - "Recently, the Misoprostol Ulcer Complications Outcomes Safety Assessment trial demonstrated that misoprostol also reduces the most serious complications of NSAID-induced ulcers, namely bleeding, perforation, and gastric outlet obstruction."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Stents 10/01/2004 - "Uncovered stents are technically feasible and effective for most malignant gastric outlet obstructions. " 12/01/2008 - "Technical skills play important roles in stent placement in treatment of malignant gastric outlet obstruction, and the efficacy of metallic stent placement is associated with the location of metallic stents and therapeutic indications." 11/08/2020 - "Similarly, EUS-guided BD and PD drainage with specially designed stents can be beneficial for patients with failed ERCP due to an inaccessible papilla, gastric outlet obstruction, or surgically altered anatomy. " 12/01/2018 - "The gastric outlet obstruction scoring system score significantly improved after stent placement (from median 1 to 2, P < 0.001). " 07/01/2010 - "Large-diameter stent placement may be clinically effective in gastric outlet obstruction cases with a high risk of stent migration as a result of mild obstructions or unusual obstruction location."
2.	Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass) 08/01/2005 - "We present a case of gastric outlet obstruction due to TB that was treated successfully with a minimally invasive approach, without the need for a gastric bypass." 04/01/2023 - "Nasojejunal tube-assisted endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy for the management of gastric outlet obstruction is safe and effective." 09/01/2008 - "In conclusion, our gasless, laparoscopy-assisted gastrojejunostomy procedure appears to be both safe and effective in patients with gastric outlet obstruction." 12/01/2019 - "Our study of 107 patients with GOO has shown that surgical palliation of GOO in the form of gastrojejunostomy improves oral intake of patients with improved post-operative gastric-outlet obstruction scores. " 05/01/2023 - "Malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) can be relieved by either laparoscopic gastrojejunostomy (LGJ), endoscopic stenting (SEMS) or endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastrojejunostomy (endoscopic ultrasound-guided balloon-occluded gastrojejunostomy bypass; EPASS). "
3.	Palliative Care (Palliative Therapy) 09/01/2021 - "Malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is associated with significant morbidity and decreased quality of life, thereby necessitating effective and safe palliative treatment. " 08/01/1998 - "Endoscopic palliative treatment may be effective in the management of malignant gastric outlet obstruction. " 09/01/2007 - "Palliative care of malignant gastric outlet obstruction symptoms is critical for improved quality of life. " 11/01/2016 - "Background and study aims: Palliative treatment of gastric outlet obstruction can be done with surgical or endoscopic techniques. " 06/08/2007 - "The paucity of evidence from large randomized trials may however have influenced the results and therefore a trial of sufficient size is needed to determine which palliative treatment modality is optimal in (sub)groups of patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction."
4.	Self Expandable Metallic Stents 10/01/2018 - "The utility and efficacy of self-expandable metal stents for treating malignant gastric outlet obstructions in patients under best supportive care." 03/01/2015 - "Self expandable metallic stents (SEMS) are both effective and safe to relieve the distressing symptoms of gastric outlet obstruction. " 01/01/2018 - "The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of shape-modified partially covered self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) that has enlarged head versus uncovered SEMS for palliation of gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). " 01/20/2023 - "This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of stenting with a flexible braided self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) for unresectable malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). " 01/01/2021 - "We read with great interest the article of Luis Alcalá-González et al. This study reinforces the scientific evidence regarding safety and effectiveness of self-expandable metal stent placement for the palliation of malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). "
5.	Gastroenterostomy 01/01/2018 - "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) in malignant gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) appears to be promising; however, its role in benign GOO is unclear. " 07/01/2022 - "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE) has recently been employed as a novel treatment for gastric outlet obstruction (GOO). " 07/01/2022 - "Safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy for gastric outlet obstruction in different sites: A single-center retrospective study." 11/01/2020 - "Safety and efficacy of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using double balloon occlusion methods: a clinical retrospective study in 36 patients with malignant gastric outlet obstruction." 01/01/2023 - "Background and study aims Gastric outlet obstruction (GOO) is traditionally managed with surgical gastroenterostomy (surgical-GE) and enteral stenting (ES). "