Ventricular Tachycardia

An abnormally rapid ventricular rhythm usually in excess of 150 beats per minute. It is generated within the ventricle below the BUNDLE OF HIS, either as autonomic impulse formation or reentrant impulse conduction. Depending on the etiology, onset of ventricular tachycardia can be paroxysmal (sudden) or nonparoxysmal, its wide QRS complexes can be uniform or polymorphic, and the ventricular beating may be independent of the atrial beating (AV dissociation).

Also Known As:

Tachycardia, Ventricular; Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardias; Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardias; Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardias; Supraventricular Tachycardia, Paroxysmal; Tachyarrhythmia, Ventricular; Tachycardia, Idiopathic Ventricular; Tachycardia, Nonsustained Ventricular; Tachycardia, Paroxysmal Supraventricular; Ventricular Tachyarrhythmia; Ventricular Tachycardia, Idiopathic; Ventricular Tachycardia, Nonsustained; Ventricular Tachycardias; Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia; Nonsustained Ventricular Tachycardia; Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia; Ventricular Tachyarrhythmias

Networked: 12600 relevant articles (935 outcomes, 1349 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Ventricular Fibrillation
2.	Cardiac Arrhythmias (Arrythmia)
3.	Myocardial Infarction
4.	Tachycardia (Tachyarrhythmias)
5.	Ventricular Premature Complexes (Premature Ventricular Contraction)

Experts

1.	Stevenson, William G: 93 articles (01/2022 - 01/2002)
2.	Marchlinski, Francis E: 82 articles (01/2022 - 09/2002)
3.	Zareba, Wojciech: 69 articles (01/2022 - 07/2004)
4.	McNitt, Scott: 62 articles (01/2022 - 10/2004)
5.	Shivkumar, Kalyanam: 60 articles (09/2021 - 10/2004)
6.	Santangeli, Pasquale: 58 articles (06/2022 - 07/2011)
7.	Callans, David J: 58 articles (01/2022 - 10/2002)
8.	Moss, Arthur J: 54 articles (10/2018 - 01/2004)
9.	Kumar, Saurabh: 51 articles (08/2022 - 04/2011)
10.	Della Bella, Paolo: 48 articles (01/2022 - 07/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Ventricular Tachycardia:

1.	Amiodarone (Amiodarona)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2019 - "The most effective treatment for the prevention of recurrent ventricular tachycardia after ICD is amiodarone followed by CA. Amiodarone is most effective in the reduction of appropriate and inappropriate ICD shocks with an odds ratio (OR) of 0.29 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.11-0.74] and 0.15 (95% CI, 0.04-0.60), respectively. " 04/14/2018 - "Amiodarone is a highly effective treatment for supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmia; however, it could be associated with several serious adverse effects, including liver injury. " 12/01/1995 - "After several days of loading, oral amiodarone, a class III antiarrhythmic, is highly effective in controlling ventricular tachyarrhythmias; however, the delay in onset of activity is not acceptable in patients with immediately life-threatening arrhythmias. " 12/01/1991 - "Intravenous amiodarone is very effective in preventing arrhythmic deaths in patients with refractory ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation." 06/01/1991 - "Amiodarone is very effective in suppressing refractory nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. "
2.	Anti-Arrhythmia AgentsIBA 11/01/1985 - "For assessment of the prophylactic efficacy of other anti-arrhythmic agents, an average of 3.5 additional studies per patient were performed resulting in successful prevention of ventricular tachycardia in a total of 10 of 63 (16%) additional trials. " 01/01/1998 - "Antiarrhythmic drugs were considered effective when sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia was noninducible or significantly slowed in serial EP testing. " 05/01/2010 - "The efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs in terminating sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (SMVT) was assessed in a retrospective manner to provide a basis for recommending their use. " 07/02/1994 - "The efficacy of antiarrhythmic drugs for terminating sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) has been disappointing. " 09/15/1988 - "Electropharmacologic testing predicted an antiarrhythmic drug effective in 15 of 35 patients in whom sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia could be induced reproducibly (43% of tested patients, 23% of all patients). "
3.	Sotalol (Sotalol Hydrochloride)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1995 - "It is concluded that d/l sotalol is highly effective in the suppression of sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia inducible by programmed electrical stimulation. " 07/01/1992 - "Thus, in arrhythmogenic right ventricular disease, sotalol proved to be highly effective in patients with inducible as well as noninducible ventricular tachycardia. " 07/01/1987 - "In contrast, sotalol was highly effective in preventing the induction of reentrant ventricular tachyarrhythmias. " 05/01/1998 - "Following sotalol with-drawal polymorphic ventricular tachycardia resolved completely. " 03/01/1984 - "Eighteen patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia underwent electrophysiologic studies to establish the therapeutic efficacy of sotalol. "
4.	Verapamil (Calan)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1985 - "Verapamil may be most effective in suppressing ventricular tachycardia initiated by certain mechanisms." 06/01/1995 - "Long-term follow-up confirmed the good prognosis of this form of ventricular tachycardia; a new insight that has been addressed about prophylaxis is the high efficacy of betablockers in preventing relapse and the poor efficacy of verapamil per os in chronic prophylaxis. " 09/01/1994 - "[The efficacy of verapamil in sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia]." 07/01/1992 - "Verapamil and beta-blockers were effective in a considerable number of patients with noninducible ventricular tachycardia and may be a therapeutic alternative in this subgroup. " 03/01/1988 - "In conclusion (1) idiopathic left ventricular tachycardia has unique electrocardiographic, electrophysiologic, and electropharmacological properties, (2) the electrophysiologic characteristics suggest that the mechanism is reentry, and (3) verapamil is effective in both the short- and long-term treatment of VT."
5.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1995 - "Lidocaine is a Na+ channel blocker that is highly effective for the treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias, but is largely ineffective against atrial arrhythmias. " 11/01/1990 - "Efficacy of epicardial controlled-release lidocaine for ventricular tachycardia induced by rapid ventricular pacing in dogs." 12/01/1995 - "Prophylactic lidocaine infusions are effective in preventing ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. " 09/01/1984 - "By contrast, although the QT interval was not shortened, lignocaine was effective in preventing induction of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia by triple stimuli in three out of nine dogs. " 06/01/2001 - "[Efficacy of lidocaine in neonatal ischemic ventricular tachycardia]."
6.	Procainamide (Procan)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1986 - "However, the results of this study indicate that procainamide may be effective in suppressing the induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia at a relatively low plasma concentration, but not at a higher plasma concentration. " 06/01/1991 - "Paired comparisons of efficacy of intravenous and oral procainamide in patients with inducible sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias." 03/01/1986 - "The efficacy of retrograde coronary venous delivery of procainamide for the management of spontaneous and inducible sustained ventricular tachycardia was evaluated and compared with systemic intravenous procainamide administration in 22 conscious dogs with permanent left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. " 10/01/1991 - "Intravenous procainamide was used in six patients: one improved, and five had recurrence of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia. " 10/01/1989 - "Efficacy of procainamide on ventricular tachycardia: relation to prolongation of refractoriness and slowing of conduction."
7.	Flecainide (Tambocor)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1988 - "Administered orally, flecainide is very effective in decreasing ventricular ectopic activity (80% to 95%) and nonsustained ventricular tachycardia. " 07/01/1986 - "The electrophysiologic effects and therapeutic efficacy of intravenous and oral flecainide were studied in 15 patients with spontaneous and inducible sustained paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). " 05/01/1995 - "Electrophysiologic effects and therapeutic efficacy of intravenous flecainide for termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia." 03/01/1986 - "In summary, intravenous flecainide is effective for slowing and termination of stable ventricular tachycardia. " 02/01/1994 - "Intravenous and oral flecainide are safe and effective in terminating supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. "
8.	Mexiletine (Mexitil)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1984 - "The marked rate dependence of Vmax depression may explain mexiletine's lack of effect on normal conduction and its efficacy against ventricular tachyarrhythmias. " 05/01/1990 - "Multiple studies have shown that as monotherapy mexiletine is effective in preventing the induction of ventricular tachycardia in approximately 20% of patients. " 01/01/2017 - "Mexiletine may be effective in the treatment of recurring ventricular tachyarrhythmias or electrical storm events." 07/01/1985 - "In conclusion, mexiletine is effective and safe in many patients with intractable ventricular tachycardia. " 09/01/1990 - "Apart from fibrillations, mexiletine eliminated ventricular tachycardias, in contrast to the other drugs, which did not. "
9.	Propafenone (Rythmol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1995 - "Propafenone is a potent antiarrhythmic agent effective in either supraventricular or ventricular tachyarrhythmias. " 03/01/1986 - "In 19 cases of ventricular tachycardia, propafenone proved to be efficacious in 3 out of 5 cases presenting rapid discharges and in 7 out of 14 patients with continuous arrhythmias, notably those with a catecholaminergic component. " 07/01/1991 - "Acute and long-term efficacy of propafenone in patients with sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias: assessment with programmed ventricular stimulation." 12/01/1988 - "Propafenone is effective in treating ventricular tachycardia and in suppressing premature ventricular complexes (PVCs). " 03/01/1987 - "Propafenone was considered as effective when a well-defined quantitative and qualitative reduction of ventricular tachyarrhythmias was reached. "
10.	Adenosine (Adenocard)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2012 - "The clinical bottom line is there is strong evidence to support the efficacy of using adenosine as first-line treatment in patients who present to emergency departments with unstable paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia." 11/01/1999 - "We reviewed our experience with adenosine for the conversion of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) to determine whether the recommended dosing strategy of 6 mg, followed by 12 mg, is cost-effective in actual practice. " 03/01/2012 - "A short-cut review was carried out to establish whether intravenous adenosine is effective in the treatment of unstable paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. " 10/09/1993 - "We conclude that adenosine is an efficient and safe treatment for paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in the whole pediatric age group including neonates and infants." 03/01/2012 - "BET 1: is intravenous adenosine effective and safe in patients presenting with unstable paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia?"

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2019 - "The study shows that S-ICD provides safe and effective therapy for termination of both induced and spontaneous malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias with high energy shocks in ARVC patients, but the risk of inappropriate shocks and complications needing surgical revision should be considered." 10/01/2018 - "In MADIT-RIT, we evaluated the risk of ICD therapy by race, and the efficacy of high rate cut-off ventricular tachycardia (VT) zone ≥200 beats per minute (bpm) (Arm B), or 60 seconds delay in VT zone 170-199 bpm (Arm C), compared to 2.5 seconds delay at 170 bpm (Arm A) among black and white patients. " 08/01/1991 - "The number of patients demonstrating a significant reduction in VPCs (greater than or equal to 75%) and the elimination of ventricular tachycardia (VT; three or more consecutive VPCs) did not differ significantly among the three therapies. " 07/01/1993 - "The efficacy of class 1C antiarrhythmic agents was determined in 36 patients with inducible sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia during baseline electrophysiology study (EPS), who continued to have inducible monomorphic ventricular tachycardia during EPS on class 1A antiarrhythmic therapy. " 12/01/1978 - "Twenty patients with recurrent sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) underwent serial electrophysiological studies (EPS) 1) to determine the predictive value of the EPS in the selection of antiarrhythmic therapy, and 2) to establish the therapeutic efficacy of available antiarrhythmic agents. "
2.	Catheter Ablation 10/01/2021 - "Catheter ablation has repeatedly proven to be well tolerated and highly effective in treating VT and in the last two decades has benefited from continuous efforts to determine ventricular tachycardia mechanisms by integration with a wide range of invasive and noninvasive imaging techniques such as intracardiac echocardiography, cardiac magnetic resonance, multidetector computed tomography and nuclear imaging. " 11/15/1994 - "Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia has proved to be highly effective in patients with idiopathic and bundle branch reentrant ventricular tachycardia. " 05/01/2000 - "Catheter ablation using radiofrequency energy has been shown to provide a cure for many supraventricular and ventricular tachycardias with excellent safety and has now become the first line of treatment. " 01/01/2000 - "Catheter ablation of ventricular tachycardia (VT) has proven to be effective in only a minority of VT patients. " 12/01/1999 - "Radiofrequency catheter ablation guided by pace-mapping techniques has proven effective in eliminating idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT) originating from the right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). "
3.	Implantable Defibrillators (Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator) 02/01/2014 - "The implantable cardioverter/defibrillator (ICD) is the most effective treatment for malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmias. " 03/01/2012 - "Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs) have been demonstrated to be highly effective for the prevention of sudden arrhythmic death in IVNC and should be considered in patients who are clinically judged to be at high risk for ventricular tachyarrhythmias. " 04/01/2000 - "Implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD) are highly effective in the identification and termination of malignant ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. " 12/01/2009 - "Indeed, the introduction of implantable defibrillators to the HCM patient population represents a new paradigm for clinical practice, offering the only proven protection against SD by virtue of effectively terminating ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. " 11/01/1986 - "The automatic implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (AICD) is a device of proven efficacy in life-threatening ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. "
4.	Defibrillators (Defibrillator) 05/01/2006 - "Ventricular tachyarrhythmia induction by strong cardiac shocks: can understanding underlying mechanisms lead to improved prevention of defibrillator failure?" 08/01/1985 - "The available data indicate that the automatic cardioverter-defibrillator can reliably identify and correct potentially lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias, leading to a substantial improvement in survival in properly selected high risk patients." 12/01/2003 - "Implantable cardiac defibrillators (ICD) have been shown to improve survival in patients with myocardial infarctionand LVEF < 0.30 or LVEF < 0.40 + nonsustained ventricular tachycardia + inducible sustained arrhythmias. " 11/15/1993 - "The efficacy of synchronized burst overdrive pacing for the termination of induced and spontaneous monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) was compared with synchronized autodecremental (ramp) pacing in 21 patients who received an implantable antitachycardia pacemaker/cardioverter/defibrillator for treatment of recurrent sustained monomorphic VT. " 01/01/1993 - "Our experience shows that the transvenous Medtronic Pacer Cardioverter Defibrillator System provides safe, effective treatment of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. "
5.	Radiofrequency Ablation 08/24/2018 - "Conclusion: Three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping system is safe and effective for radiofrequency ablation of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in children, and can significantly reduce the amount of radiation as compared to the traditional two-dimensional X-ray radiofrequency ablation. " 03/01/2006 - "The ventricular tachycardia was eliminated by successful radiofrequency ablation of the right bundle branch. " 04/01/1996 - "We present here a case of improvement in left ventricular systolic function after successful radiofrequency ablation of the ventricular tachycardia focus in the right ventricular outflow tract. " 05/01/2019 - "Radiofrequency ablation of right ventricular tachycardia in patients with no femoral access: safety and efficacy of a superior approach." 05/01/2014 - "Epicardial radiofrequency ablation of ventricular tachycardia was effective in reducing morbidity in eight patients, with a low risk of complications in the short and medium-to-long term."