Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease)

Contagious infection with human B19 Parvovirus most commonly seen in school age children and characterized by fever, headache, and rashes of the face, trunk, and extremities. It is often confused with RUBELLA.

Also Known As:

Fifth Disease; Parvovirus B19 Infection; Infection, Parvovirus B19; Parvovirus B19 Infections

Networked: 384 relevant articles (16 outcomes, 21 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Liver Diseases (Liver Disease)
2.	Pure Red-Cell Aplasia
3.	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (Libman-Sacks Disease)
4.	Diamond-Blackfan Anemia (Anemia, Diamond Blackfan)
5.	Virus Diseases (Viral Diseases)

Experts

1.	Modrow, Susanne: 6 articles (12/2014 - 06/2002)
2.	Oepkes, Dick: 4 articles (01/2020 - 01/2007)
3.	Gallinella, Giorgio: 4 articles (01/2015 - 06/2005)
4.	Hedman, Klaus: 4 articles (03/2014 - 05/2006)
5.	Söderlund-Venermo, Maria: 4 articles (03/2014 - 05/2006)
6.	Plentz, Annelie: 4 articles (03/2008 - 06/2002)
7.	Kleiboeker, Steve: 3 articles (05/2021 - 06/2011)
8.	Qiu, Jianming: 3 articles (05/2021 - 06/2011)
9.	Bonvicini, Francesca: 3 articles (01/2015 - 06/2007)
10.	Brown, Kevin E: 3 articles (03/2014 - 05/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Erythema Infectiosum:

1.	Intravenous Immunoglobulins (IVIG)FDA Link 08/07/2023 - "IVIG infusion effectively treated the parvovirus B19 infection and restored erythropoiesis making the child transfusion independent. " 08/07/2023 - "Furthermore, since IVIG is safe and readily crosses the placenta, further studies are needed to determine if IVIG should be considered as an alternative prenatal treatment for congenital parvovirus B19 infection." 05/23/2023 - "Indeed, it should be considered a treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins in patients with intrarenal Parvovirus B19 infection and DSA positivity, even in the absence of ABMR criteria for kidney biopsy." 01/01/2019 - "Despite lack of robust data, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is frequently used for the treatment of SOT recipients with symptomatic parvovirus B19 infection. " 09/01/2007 - "Dose-by-dose virological and hematological responses to intravenous immunoglobulin in an immunocompromised patient with persistent parvovirus B19 infection."
2.	Immunoglobulin M (IgM)IBA 08/01/2009 - "We tested 65 sera from patients with a presumptive or conclusive diagnosis of acute parvovirus B19 infection in both assays and obtained no false-positive results in the EBV IgM test and 10.4% nonspecific reactivities in the HSV IgM assay. " 08/01/2009 - "Acute parvovirus B19 infection has been reported to cause false-positive results frequently in the Epstein-Barr (EBV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) assays from DiaSorin performed on the Liaison platform. " 03/01/2009 - "Acute parvovirus B19 infection frequently causes false-positive results in Epstein-Barr virus- and herpes simplex virus-specific immunoglobulin M determinations done on the Liaison platform." 02/01/2020 - "Based on the findings of this study, prevalence of acute Parvovirus B19 infection was 0 and 2% based on Real-Time PCR and IgM tests, respectively. " 01/01/2017 - "Development & standardization of an in-house IgM indirect ELISA for the detection of parvovirus B19 infections."
3.	Tacrolimus (Prograf)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2002 - "Tacrolimus may possibly impair the clearance of a parvovirus B19 infection." 12/01/1999 - "This shows another mechanism by which tacrolimus can aggravate PRCA because of impaired clearance of parvovirus B19 infection in transplant recipients. " 12/01/1999 - "Interaction between parvovirus B19 infection and tacrolimus has not been reported. " 12/01/1999 - "Parvovirus B19 infection causing red cell aplasia in renal transplantation on tacrolimus." 10/01/2017 - "In multivariate analyses, deceased-donor kidney transplantation (odds ratio [OR] 9.067, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.668-49.275, P = .011), use of tacrolimus (OR 3.607, 95% CI 1.024-12.706, P = .046), PCR test within 1 year of kidney transplantation (OR 12.456, 95% CI 2.674-58.036, P = .001), and hemoglobin levels (OR 0.559, 95% CI 0.351-0.889, P = .014) showed significant correlations with parvovirus B19 infection. "
4.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 07/01/2014 - "In view of the many complications that can result from acute parvovirus B19 infections during pregnancy, documenting the seroprevalence of anti-parvovirus B19 IgG and its association with the history of abortion in an Iranian population of pregnant women would be of value. " 07/01/2003 - "Adult patients with IgG aPL positivity have a high incidence of persistent parvovirus B19 infection. " 07/01/2003 - "Sixty-nine (51%) of 135 control children displayed VP1/VP2-specific IgG. Three (2%) of these 135 children were IgG aPL positive (2 children had past parvovirus B19 infection, and 1 was negative for parvovirus B19). " 02/01/1998 - "Increase of platelet-associated IgG (PA-IgG) and hemophagocytosis of neutrophils and platelets in parvovirus B19 infection." 12/01/1996 - "Erythema infectiosum is a childhood disease (96% of the cases are children under 14 years of age), but seroprevalence of parvovirus IgG in these age groups is only 11%. "
5.	AntigensIBA 10/01/1995 - "We tested serum samples from the patients with erythema infectiosum and aplastic crisis by EIA kit with recombinant antigens synthesized in a baculovirus expression system (Denka Seiken Co., Tokyo, Japan). " 04/28/1994 - "Of the 17 subjects with the p red-cell phenotype, who did not have P antigen on their erythrocytes, none (0 of 11 and 0 of 6) had serologic evidence of previous parvovirus B19 infection. " 10/01/1994 - "The availability of immunoassays for the laboratory diagnosis of human parvovirus B19 (B19) infection, which is commonly associated with erythema infectiosum in children and arthropathy and arthralgia in adults has been hampered by the lack of native B19 antigen. " 10/01/2007 - "Improved detection of acute parvovirus B19 infection by immunoglobulin M EIA in combination with a novel antigen EIA." 05/01/1995 - "A new recombinant parvovirus B19 antigen was tested whether it was responsive to human serum antibodies in every epidemic year of erythema infectiosum for 25 years, because wild strains of B19 parvovirus were changeable genetically. "
6.	VaccinesIBA 10/06/2011 - "Given the possible severe consequences of parvovirus B19 infection, further development of a safe and effective vaccine continues to be important." 11/01/2013 - "Classic viral exanthems, such as measles, rubella, and Fifth disease, have great historical significance and, despite vaccine successes, still occur both in the United States and across the world. " 03/01/2002 - "All pregnant women who have had significant contact with a person suffering from a non-vesicular illness should be investigated for asymptomatic parvovirus B19 infection, and for asymptomatic rubella infection unless there is satisfactory evidence of past rubella infection (vaccine or natural infection). "
7.	DigoxigeninIBA 05/01/1995 - "Digoxigenin in situ hybridization techniques were effective in demonstrating parvovirus B19 infection on fixed tissues. " 08/01/1992 - "To compare the use of biotinylated and digoxigenin labelled probes for diagnosis of human fetal parvovirus B19 infection in formalin fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissues; and to assess the cellular distribution of the virus in positive cases. " 01/01/1993 - "Of these 42 hydropic fetuses, parvovirus B19 infection was identified in 6 (14.3%) cases by the presence of typical erythroblastic nuclear inclusions in hematoxylin-eosin stained tissue and the diagnosis was confirmed by in situ hybridization using a Digoxigenin-labelled B19 DNA probe. "
8.	Neutralizing AntibodiesIBA 01/01/2007 - "To check the clearance of parvovirus B19 in the course of the development of neutralizing antibodies after Erythema infectiosum in pregnancy. " 01/01/2007 - "Prolonged parvovirus b19 viremia in spite of neutralizing antibodies after erythema infectiosum in pregnancy." 09/01/2004 - "Although intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is used widely for managing parvovirus B19 infections, IVIG products are not monitored routinely for the presence of parvovirus B19 neutralizing antibody. "
9.	Vitamin D FDA LinkGeneric 08/05/2013 - "The other case tested positive for parvovirus B19 infection in association with hypocalcaemia and was cured following standard heart failure therapy along with calcium and vitamin D supplementation. "
10.	Chelating AgentsIBA 01/01/2021 - "Refractory liver dysfunction was remarkably improved with chelating agents of Wilson's disease, in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome after a parvovirus B19 infection."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 08/05/2013 - "One case tested positive for parvovirus B19 infection and recovered completely within 6 months in absence of any specific therapy. " 11/01/2005 - "This patient also received anti-viral therapy as CMV and parvovirus B19 infections were regarded as additional causes of PRCA. " 06/01/2001 - "Acute parvovirus B19 infection during anti-retroviral therapy." 09/01/1999 - "The rapid confirmation of parvovirus B19 infection will allow for early and cost-effective therapy." 12/01/2007 - "Although Rh-D alloimmunization remains the most common indication for fetal blood transfusion therapy, an increasing percentage of these procedures is used to treat other causes of fetal anemia such as Kell alloimmunization and parvovirus B19 infection. "
2.	Transplantation 07/01/2006 - "Parvovirus B19 infection after transplantation: a review of 98 cases." 10/01/2001 - "The overall prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in these patients is about 1-2% during the first year after transplantation. " 01/01/2003 - "New laboratory techniques have improved the diagnosis of pathogenic viral infections following transplantation such as parvovirus B19 infections. " 01/01/2014 - "Long-term parvovirus B19 infections with genetic drift after cord blood transplantation complicated by persistent CD4+ lymphocytopenia." 01/01/2013 - "A high-risk group for parvovirus B19 infection includes patients with blood diseases who receive multiple transfusions of blood components; those who have undergone donor organ transplantation and are long taking immunosuppressive drugs; and pregnant women. "
3.	Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) 05/01/2001 - "The absence of antibody response after the initial remission of parvovirus B19 infection suggested that cellular immunity was an important component of reconstituted immune function against B19 after the patient received HAART. " 05/01/2001 - "Reconstituted immunity against persistent parvovirus B19 infection in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome after highly active antiretroviral therapy." 05/01/2003 - "We describe a young man who had AIDS complicated by parvovirus B19 infection and RBC aplasia and who developed a painless, progressive dyspraxia of the left arm and an expressive dysphasia 4 weeks after commencing effective HAART. "
4.	Kidney Transplantation 06/01/2021 - "Parvovirus B19 infection is a new viral threat in post-kidney transplantation and requires broader and/or randomised studies to better establish the diagnostic and therapeutic approach." 10/01/2017 - "Further studies are needed to elucidate the characteristics of parvovirus B19 infection in kidney transplantation." 01/01/1996 - "OBJECTIVE: To study parvovirus B19 infection in immunocompromised subjects such as renal transplantation recipients. " 11/01/2023 - "Parvovirus B19 infection after kidney transplantation: A single centre experience." 06/01/2021 - "Parvovirus B19 infection is s new viral threat in post-kidney transplantation. "
5.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 11/01/2002 - "In this study, we sought to determine the prevalence of parvovirus B19 infection in adult cancer patients receiving multiple courses of systemic chemotherapy. " 06/01/2002 - "Serologic study on parvovirus b19 infection in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia during chemotherapy: clinical and hematologic implications." 02/15/2008 - "We evaluated the complications of parvovirus B19 infection, including delays in the scheduled course of chemotherapy, in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). " 11/01/2002 - "Increased risk of parvovirus B19 infection in young adult cancer patients receiving multiple courses of chemotherapy." 01/01/1989 - "Parvovirus B19 infection in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy: the expanding spectrum of disease."