Central Nervous System Neoplasms

Benign and malignant neoplastic processes that arise from or secondarily involve the brain, spinal cord, or meninges.

Also Known As:

Central Nervous System Neoplasms, Primary; Central Nervous System Tumors; Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasms; Tumors, Central Nervous System; Neoplasm, CNS; Neoplasms, CNS; CNS Neoplasm; CNS Neoplasms; Central Nervous System Neoplasm; Central Nervous System Tumor; Neoplasms, Central Nervous System; Primary Central Nervous System Neoplasm

Networked: 818 relevant articles (28 outcomes, 107 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Glioblastoma (Glioblastoma Multiforme)
3.	Brain Neoplasms (Brain Tumor)
4.	Glioma (Gliomas)
5.	Astrocytoma (Pilocytic Astrocytoma)

Experts

1.	Packer, Roger J: 9 articles (02/2016 - 03/2007)
2.	Gajjar, Amar: 8 articles (10/2022 - 12/2003)
3.	Pollack, Ian F: 8 articles (01/2022 - 08/2004)
4.	Blaney, Susan M: 8 articles (01/2020 - 03/2007)
5.	Goldman, Stewart: 8 articles (01/2016 - 07/2007)
6.	Kieran, Mark W: 7 articles (01/2022 - 01/2004)
7.	Okada, Hideho: 7 articles (01/2022 - 08/2004)
8.	Bouffet, Eric: 7 articles (01/2021 - 01/2008)
9.	Boyett, James M: 7 articles (01/2016 - 07/2007)
10.	Fouladi, Maryam: 6 articles (01/2021 - 12/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Central Nervous System Neoplasms:

1.	Contrast MediaIBA 09/01/2009 - "Magnetic resonance imaging-guided adoptive cellular immunotherapy of central nervous system tumors with a T1 contrast agent." 12/01/2001 - "Based on our observations gadobenat-dimeglumine proved to be a safe and valuable contrast media for the assessment of CNS neoplasms. " 05/01/1994 - "Dose of contrast material in the MR imaging evaluation of central nervous system tumors." 08/01/1991 - "Improved enhancement, detection, and delineation of central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms resulting from increased injected doses of gadoteridol have the potential to be clinically significant and may justify the possibly higher cost of increased contrast material dosage. " 09/01/1992 - "Magnetic resonance evaluation of central nervous system neoplasms has improved tremendously since the introduction of gadolinium-based contrast agents. "
2.	VaccinesIBA 08/15/2005 - "Delivery of dendritic cells engineered to secrete IFN-alpha into central nervous system tumors enhances the efficacy of peripheral tumor cell vaccines: dependence on apoptotic pathways." 01/01/1979 - "Effect of SV40 virus-contaminated polio vaccine on the incidence and type of CNS neoplasms in children: a population-based study." 12/01/2015 - "The available literature suggests a relevant role of immune infiltrates in the clinical course of some brain tumour types; however, further studies are required to better understand the interaction of the immune system and CNS neoplasms and to explore therapeutic opportunities with immunotherapies such as vaccines or immune checkpoint modulators." 01/01/2023 - "Regression modeling also found no significant increase in vaccine receipt (hematologic malignancy: 0.8 [0.73 to 0.98], solid tumor: 0.9 [0.80 to 1.90], central nervous system tumor: 0.9 [0.71 to 1.14], SCD: 0.9 [0.85 to 0.99]). " 01/01/2006 - "Central nervous system tumor immunity generated by a recombinant listeria monocytogenes vaccine targeting tyrosinase related protein-2 and real-time imaging of intracranial tumor burden."
3.	Temozolomide (Temodar)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2007 - "Phase 2 study of temozolomide in children and adolescents with recurrent central nervous system tumors: a report from the Children's Oncology Group." 01/01/2022 - "Pharmacokinetics of metronomic temozolomide in cerebrospinal fluid of children with malignant central nervous system tumors." 01/01/2020 - "on days 2 to 6 (daily maximum 1000 µg) in combination with temozolomide 30 mg/m2 /day on days 2 to 6. Antitumor activity was not observed in EWS, and limited antitumor activity was observed in central nervous system tumors." 05/01/2009 - "Temozolomide is a newly developed chemotherapeutic agent in central nervous system tumors. " 01/01/2004 - "Dose-dense regimen of temozolomide given every other week in patients with primary central nervous system tumors."
4.	Topotecan (Hycamtin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1999 - "Topotecan for the treatment of recurrent or progressive central nervous system tumors - a pediatric oncology group phase II study." 08/01/1996 - "Phase II evaluation of topotecan for pediatric central nervous system tumors." 01/01/1996 - "Cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics and penetration of continuous infusion topotecan in children with central nervous system tumors." 01/01/1994 - "Activity of 9-dimethylaminomethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin against pediatric and adult central nervous system tumor xenografts." 01/01/1994 - "These studies suggest that topotecan may be an important new addition to the therapy of central nervous system tumors."
5.	Antineoplastic Agents (Antineoplastics)IBA 03/01/2016 - "To summarize recent advances in the field, this review critically presents studies published within the last 9 years examining brain and cerebrospinal fluid penetration of clinically available anticancer agents for patients with central nervous system tumors. " 02/15/1993 - "Therefore, this novel antineoplastic agent is an excellent candidate for further study in patients with high risk or refractory central nervous system tumors." 03/01/2016 - "Pharmacokinetic Properties of Anticancer Agents for the Treatment of Central Nervous System Tumors: Update of the Literature." 05/01/1999 - "We conclude R7020 is an effective antitumor agent for non-central nervous system tumor xenografts with an excellent safety profile." 11/01/1979 - "The effects of spirohydantoin mustard (SHM), a potential antitumor agent for central nervous system tumors, in the in vitro 9L rat brain tumor model were studied. "
6.	Carboplatin (JM8)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1996 - "Carboplatin was administered as part of a multiagent chemotherapy regimen to 21 pediatric patients less than 5 years of age with newly diagnosed, malignant central nervous system tumors. " 02/15/1994 - "Between October 1985 and March 1988, the Childrens Cancer Group entered 117 patients with drug-resistant, recurrent lymphomas and solid tumors, excluding primary central nervous system tumors, into a Phase II trial of carboplatin given intravenously at a dosage of 560 mg/m2 over 1 hour every 4 weeks. " 04/01/2010 - "Thiotepa and carboplatin are known to be active in central nervous system tumors. " 10/01/2004 - "A pilot trial of tandem autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation following high-dose thiotepa and carboplatin in children with poor-risk central nervous system tumors." 04/01/2010 - "Thiotepa/topotecan/carboplatin may help consolidate remission of poor prognosis pediatric central nervous system tumors. "
7.	Thiotepa (Triethylenethiophosphoramide)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1979 - "Phase II evaluation of thioTEPA for treatment of central nervous system tumors." 04/01/2010 - "Thiotepa and carboplatin are known to be active in central nervous system tumors. " 06/01/1995 - "The polyfunctional alkylator thiotepa (TT) possesses significant in vitro and in vivo activity in many central nervous system tumors. " 10/01/2004 - "A pilot trial of tandem autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplantation following high-dose thiotepa and carboplatin in children with poor-risk central nervous system tumors." 03/01/2001 - "N,N',N"-triethylenethiophosphoramide (thiotepa), a polyfunctional alkylating agent, is used in the treatment of breast, ovarian, and bladder carcinomas and is also being tested for efficacy in the treatment of central nervous system tumors. "
8.	Alkylating AgentsIBA 01/01/1998 - "Enhancement of irinotecan (CPT-11) activity against central nervous system tumor xenografts by alkylating agents." 06/01/1995 - "The polyfunctional alkylator thiotepa (TT) possesses significant in vitro and in vivo activity in many central nervous system tumors. " 12/01/2013 - "Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating agent used in the treatment of central nervous system neoplasms and metastatic melanoma. " 03/01/2001 - "N,N',N"-triethylenethiophosphoramide (thiotepa), a polyfunctional alkylating agent, is used in the treatment of breast, ovarian, and bladder carcinomas and is also being tested for efficacy in the treatment of central nervous system tumors. " 01/01/2012 - "The oral alkylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), which has demonstrated efficacy in primary malignant central nervous system tumors such as glioblastoma, has been used in early phase trials in the treatment of established brain metastases. "
9.	Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor)IBA 11/01/2016 - "The addition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) inhibitors to chemotherapeutic regimens has shown promising results in pediatric central nervous system tumors. " 01/01/2018 - "In case of central nervous system tumors, the most important role in this process plays VEGF-A. " 01/01/1993 - "Expression of the vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGPF) gene was investigated in human central nervous system (CNS) neoplasms and normal brain. " 01/01/1993 - "Expression of the vascular permeability factor/vascular endothelial growth factor gene in central nervous system neoplasms." 01/01/2018 - "Based on the studies, it was found that serum VEGF-A levels before surgery are higher in patients with central nervous system tumors (10.39-150.57 pg/ml, median 41.70 pg/ml) than in non-cancer patients (0.00-130.77 pg/ml, median 22.56 pg/ml). "
10.	CytokinesIBA 12/15/2001 - "Cytokine gene therapy for the induction of potent immune responses against central nervous system tumors has proven to have significant potential. " 05/01/2000 - "Tumor cells genetically modified to secrete cytokines stimulate potent immune responses against peripheral and central nervous system tumors; however, variable results on the efficacy of this strategy for therapeutic intervention against established intracranial neoplasia have been reported. " 03/01/2000 - "Vaccination with cytokine-transduced tumor cells represents a potentially important approach to the treatment of central nervous system tumors. " 12/15/1990 - "Expression and modulation by cytokines of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in human central nervous system tumor cell cultures." 01/01/2013 - "An analog of thalidomide, CC-5103 increases the secretion of critical cytokines of the tumor microenvironment, including IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-10, and is currently being evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of recurrent or refractory pediatric central nervous system tumors. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2022 - "In other non-CNS neoplasms, the development of NTRK fusion directed therapies has been developed with TRK inhibitors showing promise in clinical trials. " 01/01/2020 - "Although some pediatric central nervous system tumors may be cured with surgery alone, many require adjuvant therapy associated with acute and long-term toxicities. " 01/01/2020 - "Strategies to Enhance the Efficacy of T-Cell Therapy for Central Nervous System Tumors." 12/01/2019 - "This study reports a case series of patients with upper limb neuromotor deficits following pediatric central nervous system tumor and treated with rehabilitative therapy according to action observation therapy (AOT). " 02/01/2014 - "A systematic literature review was conducted to identify all studies published in the English language pertaining to intranasal therapy for CNS neoplasms, and/or general mechanisms and pharmacokinetics regarding targeted intranasal CNS drug delivery. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2005 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the optimal delivery rates of chemotherapy for the treatment of central nervous system tumors and to determine whether local delivery can lower toxicity profiles and increase target concentrations of chemotherapy. " 07/01/1990 - "Controversy exists regarding the appropriate adjunctive chemotherapy for newly diagnosed CNS neoplasms but this is being prospectively studied in controlled trials. " 01/01/2021 - "Intraventricular chemotherapy via Ommaya reservoir is an important part of the treatment in patients with malignant central nervous system tumors. " 01/01/2019 - "Feasibility of high-dose chemotherapy protocols to treat infants with malignant central nervous system tumors: Experience from a middle-income country." 10/01/2017 - "The use of high-dose chemotherapy with autologous hematopoietic cell rescue (AuHCR) in Head Start III is a potentially curative approach for the management of young children with central nervous system neoplasms. "
3.	Radiotherapy 03/15/2017 - "Within the realm of central nervous system neoplasms, efforts to further improve the efficacy of radiation therapy continue, while balancing risks of damage to uninvolved tissue. " 01/01/2023 - "Future studies will continue to develop novel radiation regimens to improve outcomes in aggressive central nervous system tumors, integrate molecular subtypes to tailor radiation treatment, and decrease radiation-associated toxicity for long-term survivors." 12/01/1999 - "This study presents the experience of one center in management of central nervous system tumors in children in aged 1-3 years with radiation therapy. " 06/21/2023 - "Higher excess was significantly associated with having been treated before the 1990s and having survived a central nervous system tumor, whereas lower excess was associated with CCS who had not received treatment with radiotherapy. " 01/01/2023 - "Pseudoprogression is rarely mentioned after radiotherapy except for central nervous system tumors. "
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 01/01/2017 - "Given the increased survival rates in patients with pediatric central nervous system tumors, late effects such as treatment- and/or illness-related neurologic sequelae as well as neuropsychological deficits and social difficulties have moved into focus in follow-up care. " 01/01/2014 - "Early development of endocrine and metabolic consequences after treatment of central nervous system tumors in children." 12/01/2010 - "A total of 62 children with the diagnosis of a central nervous system neoplasm underwent urodynamic investigation after treatment between 1994 and 2004. " 09/01/2001 - "During or after treatment for a central nervous system neoplasm, if unexpected clinical or imaging evidence of recurrence is found, a second-look operation may be necessary to determine the true nature of the findings. " 07/01/1992 - "Although use of synthetic GH after treatment of central nervous system tumors in children without active disease is accepted practice, reports of GH use in patients with central nervous system tumors in situ are rare. "
5.	Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation 01/01/2023 - "Consolidation with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has improved survival for patients with central nervous system tumors (CNSTs). "