Mydriasis

Dilation of pupils to greater than 6 mm combined with failure of the pupils to constrict when stimulated with light. This condition may occur due to injury of the pupillary fibers in the oculomotor nerve, in acute angle-closure glaucoma, and in ADIE SYNDROME.

Networked: 1360 relevant articles (71 outcomes, 84 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Cataract (Cataracts)
2.	Inflammation (Inflammations)
3.	Pain (Aches)
4.	Miosis
5.	Macular Edema

Experts

1.	Behndig, Anders: 12 articles (03/2018 - 12/2003)
2.	Koss, Michael C: 6 articles (01/2005 - 02/2002)
3.	Yu, Yongxin: 6 articles (01/2005 - 02/2002)
4.	Seo, Kangmoon: 4 articles (09/2021 - 08/2013)
5.	Barsotti, Giovanni: 4 articles (12/2019 - 09/2010)
6.	Briganti, Angela: 4 articles (12/2019 - 09/2010)
7.	Ceccherelli, Renato: 4 articles (12/2019 - 09/2010)
8.	Lundberg, Björn: 4 articles (08/2012 - 12/2003)
9.	Jonas, Jost B: 3 articles (03/2022 - 03/2009)
10.	Peto, Tunde: 3 articles (01/2022 - 01/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Mydriasis:

1.	Phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2007 - "The current study found that mydriasis from phenylephrine, with minimal effect on accommodation, did not result in significant corneal alteration, and corneal topography can be measured after pupil dilation with phenylephrine." 01/01/2007 - "The current study investigates the effect of mydriasis on corneal shape using phenylephrine alone, where phenylephrine has minimal effect on the accommodative system and whether corneal topography can be done after pupil dilation. " 05/01/1990 - "The study showed that the kinetic parameters of phenylephrine estimated from its mydriasis profile do not accurately reflect the kinetics of drug distribution in the iris. " 09/20/2023 - "Intracameral phenylephrine for surgical mydriasis and intra-operative floppy iris syndrome: systemic adverse effects and optimal dose (review)." 07/01/2023 - "Mydriasis may be increased by a single drop of 2.5% phenylephrine. "
2.	Ophthalmic Solutions (Eye Drops)IBA 12/01/2004 - "The size of the maximal mydriasis obtained when using the insert was significantly greater than that obtained when using the eye drops, regardless of the frequency of the instillation (p < 0.04). " 01/01/2013 - "In the first study, MY achieved superior mydriasis compared to PT eye drops at 90min (9.04±1.33mm vs 8.78±1.37mm, P=0.012). " 09/01/2006 - "The primary objective of this study was to compare eye drops and inserts in terms of the quality of preoperative mydriasis. " 10/01/2004 - "The ability of Mydriasert to provide mydriasis (defined by a pupillary diameter of at least 7 mm) compatible with a bilateral angiographic examination in optimal conditions was evaluated by a comparative, randomised versus active treatment (eye drops) open trial in 72 patients. " 05/01/2023 - "Mydrane® produced adequate and stable mydriasis as effectively as produced by Mydriasert® and topical eye drops."
3.	TropicamideFDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2021 - "The purpose of this study was to determine the duration of mydriasis produced by commercially available 0.5% and 1% tropicamide in ophthalmologically normal albino rats. " 01/01/2016 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the time-course of changes in choroidal thickness (ChT) following complete mydriasis induced by compound tropicamide. " 12/01/2012 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate by serial measurements, pupil mydriasis produced by topical application of tropicamide 1% using a spray in a closed eye or instillation in an open eye in adult and elderly populations. " 03/01/2012 - "This study investigated the association of transient changes in intraocular pressure (IOP) with changes in the anterior chamber configuration in children after diagnostic mydriasis with 1% tropicamide. " 08/01/1995 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nasolacrimal occlusion on tropicamide-induced mydriasis. "
4.	Mydriatics (Cycloplegics)IBA 03/01/2009 - "Screening for STDR was performed with the Topcon CRW6S non-mydriatic camera (NMC), compared with the grading of the seven-field standard stereoscopic photographs, 30 degrees field photographs with mydriasis as the gold standard method. " 04/15/2022 - "This report aims to present the fully developed protocol of a full-scale trial for testing the hypothesis that the reduced mydriatic drop volume achieves adequate mydriasis while minimizing systemic adverse events. " 01/01/2021 - "This study aimed to identify acute angle closure (AAC) risk following pharmacologic mydriasis and the factors affecting post-mydriatic intraocular pressure (IOP) in a population with a high prevalence of angle closure disease. " 01/01/2023 - "After medical examination, the participants were then evaluated by fundus photography using a non-mydriatic fundus camera without medication for mydriasis. " 01/01/2021 - "Each patient was examined by optical biometer firstly without artificial mydriasis (AM) and then after AM, which was achieved using local application of short-term acting mydriatics. "
5.	Flurbiprofen (Froben)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1993 - "The results indicate that flurbiprofen was significantly more effective (P < .0001) in maintaining mydriasis during surgery than the placebo. " 10/01/1992 - "Thus a maintained intraoperative mydriasis in flurbiprofen group led to better E.C.L.E. " 10/01/1992 - "The maintained intraoperative mydriasis in the two groups before anterior chamber entry (stage I) vs at the end of complete cortex wash (stage III) was: in control group (stage I) 8.46 +/- 0.48 mm vs (stage III) 3.56 +/- 0.43 mm (highly SS); in flurbiprofen group (stage I) 8.60 +/- 0.48 mm vs (stage III) 8.01 +/- 0.63 mm (NSS). " 08/01/2000 - "Pre-operative diclofenac and flurbiprofen drops are effective in maintaining intraoperative mydriasis. " 10/01/2010 - "Nepafenac was more effective than a placebo and flurbiprofen in achieving maximum preoperative and postoperative pupil mydriasis in rabbits."
6.	Epinephrine (Adrenaline)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1994 - "The mydriasis maintained during irrigation aspiration was significantly greater in the group receiving adrenaline (6.6 versus 6.0 mm, p < 0.02). " 06/01/2001 - "To maintain intraoperative mydriasis, one bolus of epinephrine injection was used in our study. " 11/01/2014 - "In the fellow eye, intracameral bisulfate-free epinephrine alone was injected above and below the iris plane for intraoperative mydriasis and to deepen the anterior chamber, which prevented a reverse pupillary block. " 11/01/2014 - "A staged procedure was followed to achieve mydriasis and deepen the anterior chamber with bisulfate-free epinephrine (epi-Shugarcaine) and an ophthalmic viscosurgical device (OVD) prior to the femtosecond procedure. " 10/01/1984 - "Since neither total adrenaline concentration at 180 min nor the time course of adrenaline induced mydriasis differed between the rabbit strains, the higher initial adrenaline uptake by pigmented tissues is not explained by pigment binding. "
7.	Lidocaine (Xylocaine)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2016 - "The retrobulbar block had a 76.9% rate of success (using 4 mg/kg of lidocaine), which was defined as the globe returning at least halfway to its central orientation with mydriasis. " 04/01/2013 - "These results suggest that a sub-Tenon's injection of 2 mL of 2% lidocaine provided effective extraocular muscle akinesia and mydriasis in dogs." 04/01/2013 - "Duration of mydriasis was 51.7 ± 28.9 min in the 1 mL-lidocaine group and 82.9 ± 15.6 min in the 2 mL-lidocaine group. " 04/01/2013 - "In the 1 mL-lidocaine group, akinesia was induced in nine eyes and mydriasis occurred in seven eyes at 10.7 ± 5.8 and 5.4 ± 2.4 min after the injection, respectively. " 04/01/2013 - "All eyes in the 2 mL-lidocaine group exhibited akinesia and mydriasis (pupil diameter >10mm) with an onset time of 6.5 ± 4.9 and 4.2 ± 4.3 min, respectively. "
8.	nepafenac (Nevanac)FDA Link 10/01/2010 - "Nepafenac-assisted mydriasis in a rabbit model." 09/01/2020 - "Additive Effect of Topical Nepafenac on Mydriasis in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus." 01/01/2009 - "Prophylactic use of nepafenac was effective in reducing macular edema after cataract surgery and in maintaining trans-operative mydriasis." 01/01/2009 - "To evaluate the effectiveness of prophylactic administration of nepafenac 0.1% in maintaining mydriasis and in preventing postoperative macular edema following cataract surgery. " 10/01/2010 - "Nepafenac was more effective than a placebo and flurbiprofen in achieving maximum preoperative and postoperative pupil mydriasis in rabbits."
9.	KetorolacIBA 01/01/2017 - "The study drug was significantly better than the vehicle and ketorolac in maintaining mydriasis (least-squares mean differences 0.9 ± 0.1 [SEM] and 0.7 ± 0.1 for the study drug versus vehicle and ketorolac, respectively; P < .0001 each). " 09/01/1997 - "Changes from baseline measurements also indicated a more significant inhibition of miosis at all subsequent intervals, and a more stable mydriasis throughout the procedure in the ketorolac-treated group. " 01/01/2015 - "Intracameral ketorolac may soon be available to maintain mydriasis and to control pain and inflammation. " 01/01/2018 - "Intracameral use of phenylephrine 1.0%/ketorolac 0.3% during cataract surgery may be effective in maintaining mydriasis. " 10/01/2015 - "Intracameral phenylephrine and ketorolac during cataract surgery to maintain intraoperative mydriasis and reduce postoperative ocular pain: Integrated results from 2 pivotal phase 3 studies."
10.	Diclofenac (SR 38)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2019 - "Sustained mydriasis was observed in eyes in whom topical diclofenac was used within 2 h of surgery. " 01/01/2000 - "To establish the role of preoperative subconjunctival mydricaine and diclofenac 0.1% in maintaining mydriasis during vitrectomy. " 01/01/2000 - "The role of preoperative subconjunctival mydricaine and topical diclofenac sodium 0.1% in maintaining mydriasis during vitrectomy." 05/01/1998 - "To determine whether systemic diclofenac sodium affects the maintenance of mydriasis during phacoemulsification and to compare pupil diameter regression rates with those in a control group. " 05/01/1998 - "Systemic diclofenac sodium to maintain mydriasis during phacoemulsification."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Phacoemulsification 08/01/1998 - "The mydriasis maintained during phacoemulsification was significantly greater in the study group, p < 0.00001. " 01/01/2021 - "Purpose: To evaluate the difference of the lens nuclear density measured before and after mydriasis by using the IOLMaster 700 (Carl Zeiss Meditec AG, Jena, Germany) and the Pentacam Scheimpflug imaging (Pentacam HR, Oculus Incorporation, Wetzlar, Germany) and investigate the relationship between the measurement data and the phacoemulsification parameters. " 01/01/2016 - "The duration of the surgery, EPT, and phacoemulsification chop had statistically insignificant effects on mydriasis, while the grade of the nucleus had a statistically significant effect on mydriasis. " 12/01/2014 - "Effect of topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and nuclear hardness on maintenance of mydriasis during phacoemulsification surgery." 04/01/2012 - "In cases of phacoemulsification surgery with inadequate mydriasis implantation of a Malyugin ring is a simple, safe and fast alternative to iris-retractors; it allows better pupil-size without additional stab incisions."
2.	Intracameral Injection 07/01/2011 - "Intracameral injection of Mydrin-P appears to be effective and safe for dilating the pupil in cases with poor mydriasis after preoperative instillation of mydriatics." 12/01/2009 - "RESULTS-Intracameral injection of 1% or 2% lidocaine solutions in volumes of 0.1 to 0.3 mL induced a significant degree of mydriasis, and the effect was maintained for 74 to 142 minutes. " 06/01/1991 - "Mydriasis in pigeons (Columbia livia domestica) with d-tubocurarine: topical instillation versus intracameral injection." 11/01/2022 - "Thus, Intracameral injection of mydriatic provides rapid and sustainable mydriasis and analgesia for manual SICS." 07/01/2011 - "Clinical study subjects were 65 eyes of 65 patients that underwent phaco-emulsification and aspiration with intraocular lens implantation and received intracameral injection of Mydrin-P for poor mydriasis after preoperative topical instillation of mydriatics (intraocular mydriasis group; with five subgroups based on cause: diabetes, pseudo-exfoliation, post-surgery, uveitis, unknown). "
3.	Cataract Extraction 05/01/2018 - "Thus, patients with unilateral mydriasis, such as Aide's pupil, may have a beneficial outcome combining multifocal-monofocal implantation after bilateral cataract extraction, especially if they are not a candidate for monovision but desire spectacle independence." 05/01/1991 - "Maintaining successful mydriasis is essential during cataract extraction. " 10/01/1975 - "In three eyes which underwent cataract extraction no evidence of senile pseudoexfoliation was found either before, or immediately after, surgery in spite of repeated biomicroscopical examination under full mydriasis. " 01/01/1965 - "[Myosis and mydriasis during cataract extraction]." 01/01/1998 - "One of the important points in extracapsular cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation is to maintain mydriasis during the intervention. "
4.	Vitrectomy 04/01/2013 - "The risk of anterior chamber migration of the Ozurdex(®) implant is increased in cases of prior vitrectomy (three cases), prone positioning and dilation of the pupil (mydriasis). " 01/01/2023 - "Application of the three-step method of mydriasis with prone position followed by anterior chamber paracentesis in post-vitrectomy vitreous hemorrhage." 01/09/2023 - "Combined phacoemulsification and pupilloplasty with pars plana vitrectomy were performed in traumatic mydriasis patients with lens dislocation. " 01/01/2003 - "Zonular laxity with abnormal deepening of the anterior chamber and mydriasis was noted in six eyes that had undergone extensive vitreous removal for the treatment of retinal detachment or proliferative diabetic retinopathy, but not in eyes that had had limited 'core vitrectomy' such as for macular hole or epiretinal membrane. " 01/01/2018 - "The purpose of this study is to evaluate the role of subconjunctival epinephrine 0.1% injection in mydriasis maintenance during vitrectomy. "
5.	Topical Administration 09/01/2010 - "Results of the present study suggest that a single topical administration of 0.35 mg of rocuronium bromide to the eyes of healthy tawny owls results in sufficient mydriasis to allow for a complete examination of the fundus." 09/01/2010 - "A single concurrent topical administration of rocuronium bromide to the eyes of the examined birds induced a complete bilateral mydriasis in both eyes without causing any adverse effect." 09/01/2010 - "Bilateral mydriasis in common buzzards (Buteo buteo) and little owls (Athene noctua) induced by concurrent topical administration of rocuronium bromide." 06/18/1999 - "After topical administration on the guinea-pig eye conjunctiva, desloratadine produced a potent (ED50 = 2.3 mg/ml) and long lasting mydriasis (> 120 min at the ED50) in conscious animals. " 10/01/2008 - "Topical administration of diclofenac was effective in maintaining mydriasis during vitrectomy and in reducing postoperative pain and anterior chamber flare as determined by slit-lamp evaluations."