Nimustine

Antineoplastic agent especially effective against malignant brain tumors. The resistance which brain tumor cells acquire to the initial effectiveness of this drug can be partially overcome by the simultaneous use of membrane-modifying agents such as reserpine, calcium antagonists such as nicardipine or verapamil, or the calmodulin inhibitor, trifluoperazine. The drug has also been used in combination with other antineoplastic agents or with radiotherapy for the treatment of various neoplasms.

Also Known As:

Networked: 622 relevant articles (65 outcomes, 101 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Tominaga, Teiji: 11 articles (01/2020 - 03/2007)
2.	Kumabe, Toshihiro: 9 articles (01/2020 - 01/2002)
3.	Saito, Ryuta: 9 articles (01/2020 - 01/2002)
4.	Kaina, Bernd: 8 articles (08/2017 - 12/2007)
5.	Zhao, Lijiao: 6 articles (12/2021 - 03/2014)
6.	Zhong, Rugang: 6 articles (12/2021 - 03/2014)
7.	Sonoda, Yukihiko: 6 articles (01/2020 - 11/2008)
8.	Sun, Guohui: 5 articles (12/2021 - 07/2014)
9.	Takano, Shingo: 5 articles (10/2016 - 01/2003)
10.	Kanamori, Masayuki: 4 articles (01/2020 - 11/2009)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 06/01/1981 - "These results suggest that ACNU is taken up by tumor tissue relatively rapidly and eliminated slowly, which leads to effective manifestation of its antitumor activity." 10/01/1996 - "Tumors showing a low MGMT activity responded well to ACNU and resulted in prolongation in the time to tumor progression. " 04/01/1993 - "This result suggests that some tumors, if determined to have low O6-MT activity, might be cured if the host is treated with ACNU. " 06/01/1991 - "The result suggests that some tumors, if provisionally determined with low O6-MT activity, might be efficiently cured by treatment with ACNU. " 11/01/1988 - "We have studied the efficacy of intrathecal ACNU against experimental leptomeningeal tumors. "
2.	Glioma (Gliomas) 06/01/2018 - "Furthermore, VPA may also promote the methylation of the MGMT promoter to silence MGMT expression in glioma cells, which may be an important mechanism through which VPA enhances the efficacy of TMZ and ACNU in targeting glioma stem cells." 05/01/2001 - "FLD treatment with ACNU is less effective against experimental glioma in rats than bolus treatment." 12/01/1992 - "ACNU [1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl) methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride], one of the chloroethylnitrosoureas (CENUs), is believed to be effective against malignant glioma when intravenously or intrathecally administered. " 07/21/2014 - "In this study, the effect of O(6)-BG on the formation of dG-dC cross-links was investigated by treating human brain glioma SF767 cells with 1-[(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl]-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea (ACNU). " 09/01/1998 - "Since our previous strategies to malignant gliomas had included intra-venous ACNU, the purpose of the present study is to evaluate the advantage of intra-arterial ACNU over its intra-venous counterpart as the historical control (37 patients). "
3.	Brain Neoplasms (Brain Tumor) 03/01/2007 - "Safety and efficacy of convection-enhanced delivery of ACNU, a hydrophilic nitrosourea, in intracranial brain tumor models." 11/11/2023 - "Local Delivery of Nimustine Hydrochloride against Brain Tumors: Basic Characterization Study." 12/01/1983 - "Only a few studies have ever been reported concerning the pharmacokinetics of ACNU in human brain tumors. " 10/01/1980 - "[Experimental study of immunochemotherapy of brain tumors--experimental brain tumor model and immunochemotherapy by a combination of PS-K and ACNU (author's transl)]." 03/01/2007 - "CED of hydrophilic ACNU is a promising strategy for treating brain tumors."
4.	Glioblastoma (Glioblastoma Multiforme) 01/01/2006 - "A randomized phase III study: comparison between intravenous and intraarterial ACNU administration in newly diagnosed primary glioblastomas." 08/01/2000 - "In conclusion, intra-arterial ACNU when administered by the method in this study does not increase the survival and progression-free survival of newly diagnosed patients with glioblastoma over that afforded by intravenous ACNU." 08/01/2000 - "This prospective randomized trial was performed to compare the effectiveness of intra-arterial ACNU with intravenous ACNU in newly diagnosed patients with supratentorial glioblastoma. " 05/01/2011 - "The authors report on a case of recurrent glioblastoma infiltrating the brainstem that regressed after CED of nimustine hydrochloride." 05/01/2011 - "Regression of recurrent glioblastoma infiltrating the brainstem after convection-enhanced delivery of nimustine hydrochloride."
5.	Astrocytoma (Pilocytic Astrocytoma) 02/01/2013 - "This study investigated the efficacy of ACNU + PCZ compared to ACNU alone for GBM and anaplastic astrocytoma (AA). " 08/01/1990 - "Group 2 consisted of five patients treated by operation, irradiation, and repeated intracarotid infusion of ACNU 100 mg/body alone (grade 4 astrocytoma). " 01/01/1990 - "15 patients with malignant astrocytomas were studied about correlation between the sensitivities of ACNU and post-operative clinical courses. " 03/01/2005 - "This study was undertaken to examine further the efficacy of the IAR regimen followed by maintenance therapy with IFN-beta and ACNU in patients with newly diagnosed malignant astrocytomas. " 10/01/1991 - "A 44-year-old female with malignant astrocytoma received subtotal removal and high dose (200 mg/m2) intra-arterial 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2- chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea hydrochloride (ACNU) with autologous bone marrow transplantation. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Nimustine
2.	Vincristine (Oncovin)
3.	Cisplatin (Platino)
4.	Interferon-beta
5.	Mannitol (Osmitrol)
6.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)
7.	Temozolomide (Temodar)
8.	Dacarbazine (DIC)
9.	Etoposide (VP 16)
10.	Semustine

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Radiotherapy
4.	Combination Drug Therapy (Combination Chemotherapy)
5.	Chemoradiotherapy