Tuftsin

N(2)-((1-(N(2)-L-Threonyl)-L-lysyl)-L-prolyl)-L-arginine. A tetrapeptide produced in the spleen by enzymatic cleavage of a leukophilic gamma-globulin. It stimulates the phagocytic activity of blood polymorphonuclear leukocytes and neutrophils in particular. The peptide is located in the Fd fragment of the gamma-globulin molecule.

Also Known As:

Networked: 144 relevant articles (26 outcomes, 17 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Khan, Masood A: 7 articles (07/2006 - 02/2003)
2.	Tsirka, Stella E: 6 articles (01/2018 - 11/2003)
3.	Fridkin, Mati: 4 articles (01/2019 - 01/2005)
4.	Shoenfeld, Yehuda: 4 articles (01/2019 - 01/2015)
5.	Dzierzbicka, Krystyna: 4 articles (11/2017 - 01/2009)
6.	Owais, M: 4 articles (10/2005 - 05/2002)
7.	Gupta, C M: 4 articles (01/2005 - 03/2000)
8.	Bashi, Tomer: 3 articles (01/2019 - 01/2015)
9.	Blank, Miri: 3 articles (01/2019 - 01/2015)
10.	Nissen, Jillian C: 3 articles (01/2018 - 01/2012)

Related Diseases

1.	Infections 06/01/1981 - "The fact that these patients suffer from repeated infections points at an in vivo system that parallels the in vitro studies showing tuftsin stimulation of the phagocytic activity of the tissue macrophage and blood granulocyte. " 12/01/1998 - "Patients with a short bowel treated with long term intravenous nutrition have impaired splenic function, reduced tuftsin activity, and an increased risk of infection." 01/01/1994 - "The potential roles of tuftsin in surgery-related infections have been documented using animal models. " 06/01/1989 - "It was then believed that the impaired immunological function against infection in splenectomized patients was related to the abnormal PFL resulting from the disappearance of tuftsin in the circulation, an important leucocytic activator produced only in the spleen. " 09/15/1986 - "In Plasmodium berghei infections, the mortality rate and parasitaemias were significantly reduced and the mean survival time was considerably enhanced by pretreating the animals with a tuftsin derivative, Thr-Lys-Pro-ARg-NH-(CH2)2-NHCOC15H31. "
2.	Candidiasis (Moniliasis) 04/01/1989 - "Administration of tuftsin (50 micrograms/mouse) before candidiasis induction with a lethal dose of candida (7x10(8) candida per mouse) improved mouse survival up to 70%, compared with 10% in the control group. " 04/01/1989 - "Thus, a model consisting of mice undergoing peritoneal dialysis was developed in order to study the use of tuftsin as a therapeutic drug against peritoneal candidiasis. " 07/01/2004 - "albicans infection clearly enhanced protection against candidiasis, suggesting a prophylactic role of tuftsin in normal and temporarily neutropenic animals." 04/01/1989 - "The potential of tuftsin as a treatment for candidiasis was shown when the infection was induced with a sublethal dose of candida. " 01/01/2004 - "lipopolysachharide, protein A and tuftsin to impart protection against experimental candidiasis in leukopenic mice. "
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 12/01/2014 - "Many reports have described anti-tumor activity of tuftsin to relate with nonspecific activation of the host immune system. " 05/01/2007 - "The efficacies of the free form of ETP, liposomized ETP (Lip-ETP), and tuftsin-bearing liposomized ETP (Tuft-Lip-ETP) formulations were evaluated on the basis of tumor regression, effect on expression level of p53wt and p53mut, and survival of the treated animals. " 01/01/1995 - "The spleen is the primary producer of tuftsin, which can directly or indirectly kill tumor cells or inhibit their growth. " 01/01/1987 - "At this dosage, tuftsin prevented spontaneous tumor development. " 01/01/1983 - "Further, pretreatment with 4 [lys]-tuftsin depressed microbial growth in the kidneys of mice bearing S-180 tumors. "
4.	Cryptococcosis 08/01/2005 - "The results of the present study demonstrated higher efficacy of tuftsin-loaded Amp B liposomes against experimental murine cryptococcosis, in terms of enhanced survival rate and reduced fungal burden in organs (lungs and brain) of the treated mice. " 10/01/2005 - "Incorporation of amphotericin B in tuftsin-bearing liposomes showed enhanced efficacy against systemic cryptococcosis in leucopenic mice." 08/01/2005 - "In the present study, we evaluated the combination of liposomal amphotericin B (lip-Amp B) and immunomodulator tuftsin to cure Cryptococcus neoformans infection in BALB/c mice. "
5.	Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala Azar) 08/01/2012 - "Augmentation of antileishmanial efficacy of miltefosine in combination with tuftsin against experimental visceral leishmaniasis." 02/01/2002 - "Chemotherapeutic efficacy of the amphotericin B (Amp B), which is the drug of choice for treatment of the leishmanial infections (kala-azar) that become resistant to the conventional chemotherapy using antimonials, has been examined in the Leishmania donovani infected hamsters after encapsulating the drug in tuftsin-free as well as tuftsin-bearing liposomes. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Liposomes (Liposome)
2.	Amphotericin B (Amphotericin)
3.	Immunologic Factors (Immunomodulators)
4.	Adenosine Monophosphate (AMP)
5.	Peptides (Polypeptides)
6.	Etoposide (VP 16)
7.	Diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan)
8.	Neuropilin-1
9.	Staphylococcal Protein A (Protein A)
10.	Nystatin (Mycostatin)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Punctures
4.	Ligation
5.	Intraperitoneal Injections