Trophoblastic Neoplasms (Trophoblastic Tumor)

Trophoblastic growth, which may be gestational or nongestational in origin. Trophoblastic neoplasia resulting from pregnancy is often described as gestational trophoblastic disease to distinguish it from germ cell tumors which frequently show trophoblastic elements, and from the trophoblastic differentiation which sometimes occurs in a wide variety of epithelial cancers. Gestational trophoblastic growth has several forms, including HYDATIDIFORM MOLE and CHORIOCARCINOMA. (From Holland et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1691)

Also Known As:

Trophoblastic Tumor; Trophoblastic Tumors; Neoplasms, Trophoblastic; Trophoblast Cancer; Trophoblast Neoplasms; Trophoblast Tumor; Cancer, Trophoblast; Cancer, Trophoblastic; Cancers, Trophoblast; Cancers, Trophoblastic; Neoplasm, Trophoblast; Neoplasm, Trophoblastic; Neoplasms, Trophoblast; Trophoblast Cancers; Trophoblast Neoplasm; Trophoblast Tumors; Trophoblastic Cancers; Trophoblastic Neoplasm; Tumor, Trophoblast; Tumor, Trophoblastic; Tumors, Trophoblast; Tumors, Trophoblastic; Trophoblastic Cancer

Networked: 484 relevant articles (35 outcomes, 46 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Choriocarcinoma
2.	Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor
3.	Hydatidiform Mole (Molar Pregnancy)
4.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
5.	Gestational Trophoblastic Disease (Trophoblastic Neoplasms, Gestational)

Experts

1.	Jeschke, Udo: 9 articles (11/2016 - 06/2004)
2.	Xiang, Yang: 8 articles (01/2019 - 08/2003)
3.	Schulze, Sandra: 6 articles (11/2016 - 06/2004)
4.	Seckl, Michael J: 6 articles (02/2016 - 03/2002)
5.	Matsui, Hideo: 6 articles (03/2005 - 09/2002)
6.	Sekiya, Souei: 6 articles (03/2005 - 09/2002)
7.	Yamazawa, Koji: 6 articles (03/2005 - 09/2002)
8.	Kuhn, Christina: 5 articles (10/2016 - 10/2006)
9.	Savage, Philip: 5 articles (02/2015 - 03/2008)
10.	Friese, Klaus: 5 articles (01/2013 - 06/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Trophoblastic Neoplasms:

1.	Dactinomycin (Actinomycin)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2013 - "Actinomycin D (Act D) is a general transcriptional inhibitor that is approved for the treatment of sarcomas, and Wilms, germ cell and trophoblastic tumors. " 04/23/2019 - "Streptomyces costaricanus SCSIO ZS0073, a mangrove-derived actinomycete, produces actinomycin D, a clinically used therapeutic for Wilm's tumor of the kidney, trophoblastic tumors and rhabdomyosarcoma. " 01/01/1987 - "Virtually 100% of patients with nonmetastatic and low-risk metastatic trophoblastic tumors are now curable by only conventional chemotherapeutic agents such as methotrexate, actinomycin D, or their combination with or without other agents. " 09/01/2002 - "The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a high-dose 5-fluorouracil and actinomycin D regimen (the FA regimen) as salvage chemotherapy for patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs). " 09/01/2002 - "Salvage combination chemotherapy with 5-fluorouracil and actinomycin D for patients with refractory, high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors."
2.	Floxuridine (FUdR)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/2004 - "To analyze the efficacy of floxuridine (FUDR)-containing regimens in the treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT). " 08/01/2003 - "To analyse the efficacy of the floxuridine (FUDR)-containing regime (single agent or in combination) in the treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor. " 06/01/2004 - "Floxuridine-containing regimens in the treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor." 08/01/2003 - "[Floxuridine-containing regime in the treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor]." 08/01/2003 - "Seventy-four patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT), 47 invasive mole and 27 choriocarcinoma, were treated with FUDR-containing regime. "
3.	Etoposide (VP 16)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1999 - "The aim of this study was to evaluate subsequent fertility and pregnancy in patients treated for persistent trophoblastic tumors with single-agent VP-16. " 03/01/1999 - "Single VP-16 regimen for patients with low-risk gestational trophoblastic tumor appears to have no adverse effects on fertility potential and pregnancy outcome." 12/01/1986 - "Fertility in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors treated with etoposide." 03/01/1999 - "Pregnancy outcome after treatment with etoposide (VP-16) for low-risk gestational trophoblastic tumor." 01/01/1991 - "In numerous clinical trials, etoposide has demonstrated excellent activity against a range of tumors, including small cell lung cancer (SCLC), malignant lymphomas, gestational trophoblastic tumors, Ewing's and soft tissue sarcomas, and germ cell tumors, with more modest activity in other tumors (e.g., non-SCLC). "
4.	Vincristine (Oncovin)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2007 - "To evaluate the efficacy of the FAEV regimen (floxuridine, actinomycin D, etoposide, vincristine) in the treatment of high-risk, drug-resistant gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT). " 02/01/2006 - "To evaluate the efficacy of floxuridine, actinomycin D, etoposide, vincristine (FAEV) regimen in treatment of high-risk drug-resistant gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT). " 07/01/2000 - "The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficacy, toxicity, and survival of patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTTs) treated with a methotrexate-etoposide-actinomycin D (MEA) regimen without cyclosphosphamide or vincristine. " 03/01/2010 - "Trophoblastic tumors can be divided into two groups: a low risk group treated by monotherapy, most often by Methotrexate or actinomycine D, with survey about 100% and a high risk group treated by polychemotherapy (Etoposide, Methotrexate, actinomycine D, cyclophosphamide, Vincristine with survey of 86%. " 10/01/1992 - "The etoposide, methotrexate, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine regimen has been demonstrated to be highly effective in patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors. "
5.	Chorionic Gonadotropin (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1974 - "A study of post-treatment fluctuation of human chorionic gonadotropin in trophoblastic tumor." 12/01/2022 - "It has different characteristics from other gestational trophoblastic tumors: it grows slowly, secretes low levels of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), with low metastatic potential. " 10/05/2020 - "It is worth noting whether epithelioid trophoblastic tumor exists in the setting of persistent positive low-level β-human chorionic gonadotropin. " 01/01/2018 - "Ectopic production of free β human chorionic gonadotropin (hCGβ) has been associated with aggressive behavior in non-trophoblastic tumors. " 04/01/2014 - "In patients with elevated β-human chorionic gonadotropin levels, a lung mass, and a negative gynecologic examination, primary epithelioid trophoblastic tumor of the lung should be considered. "
6.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1984 - "Re-evaluation of 5-fluorouracil as a single agent for gestational malignant trophoblastic neoplasms." 02/01/1983 - "5-Fluorouracil in malignant trophoblastic tumors. " 01/01/1984 - "Large doses of 5-fluorouracil, administered by slow intravenous drip, have proven to be very effective in the treatment of malignant trophoblastic tumors. " 12/01/1998 - "From 1979 to 1988, 152 patients with trophoblastic tumor were treated with combination chemotherapy using nitrocaphanum and 5-FU. " 12/01/1998 - "Chemotherapy using 5-fluorouracil and nitrocaphanum in malignant trophoblastic tumor."
7.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2006 - "Single-agent methotrexate is the usual primary treatment for women with low-risk trophoblastic tumors (TT), yet various regimens are currently used worldwide. " 08/01/2003 - "To investigate the efficacy and toxicity of methotrexate (MTX) give intravenously in the primary treatment of gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT). " 08/01/1977 - "Selective protection of the gastrointestinal tract against methotrexate in the treatment of patients with trophoblastic tumors." 05/01/1973 - "[Method of selective protection of the gastrointestinal tract in the methotrexate treatment of trophoblastic tumors]." 06/01/1969 - "[Treatment of trophoblastic tumors with methotrexate]."
8.	nitrocaphaneIBA 12/01/1998 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of nitrocaphanum (AT 1258) in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in patients with gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT). " 04/01/1996 - "To evaluate the effectiveness, side effects and long term result of combination protocol of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and nitrocaphane (AT1258) on patients with malignant trophoblastic tumor. " 12/01/1988 - "[Combined treatment of malignant trophoblastic tumor with 5-fluorouracil and nitrocaphane]." 04/01/1996 - "[Combination chemotherapy of 5-fluorouracil and nitrocaphane for the treatment of malignant trophoblastic tumor]."
9.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2010 - "Trophoblastic tumors can be divided into two groups: a low risk group treated by monotherapy, most often by Methotrexate or actinomycine D, with survey about 100% and a high risk group treated by polychemotherapy (Etoposide, Methotrexate, actinomycine D, cyclophosphamide, Vincristine with survey of 86%. " 10/01/1984 - "Modified triple chemotherapy (MAC III: methotrexate with citrovorum factor, actinomycin D, and cyclophosphamide) was administered as primary treatment to 14 patients with high-risk metastatic gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT). " 10/01/1992 - "The etoposide, methotrexate, dactinomycin, cyclophosphamide, vincristine regimen has been demonstrated to be highly effective in patients with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors. " 11/01/1992 - "To evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of a regimen of etoposide, methotrexate, actinomycin D, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine in patients with metastatic, high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors. " 07/01/1997 - "To evaluate the results of etoposide, methotrexate, and dactinomycin alternating with cyclophosphamide and vincristine (EMA/CO) chemotherapy in women with high-risk gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT) and to document the middle- and long-term toxicity of the regimen. "
10.	Glycoproteins (Glycoprotein)IBA 06/01/2000 - "[Glycoforms of alpha-1-acid glycoprotein in trophoblastic tumors prognosis]." 04/01/1998 - "Molecular heterogeneity of hCG β - related glycoproteins and the clinical relevance in trophoblastic and non-trophoblastic tumors." 04/01/1998 - "Molecular heterogeneity of hCGbeta--related glycoproteins and the clinical relevance in trophoblastic and non-trophoblastic tumors." 09/01/1987 - "Improved radioimmunometric assays for the glycoprotein human chorionic gonadotropin, its whole molecule and free beta and alpha subunits have improved the capability for trophoblast tumor detection and monitoring. " 12/01/2019 - "Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a glycoprotein hormone that is used in clinical practice to detect pregnancy and serves as a sensitive marker for trophoblastic tumors. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 07/01/2007 - "In contrary, in order to assure sustained remission, the relapse rates after chemotherapy in the current study emphasize the need for surveillance of trophoblastic tumor patients even after complete remission has apparently been achieved." 08/01/2003 - "Although the development of effective chemotherapy has resulted in improved survival of patients with gestational trophoblastic tumor, lung lobectomy remains an important adjunct treatment in a selected subset of patients. " 05/01/1999 - "Chemotherapy is very effective in the cure of gestational trophoblastic tumors. " 07/01/2019 - "During the first 4 cycles of trophoblastic tumor-based chemotherapy, the patient improved clinically with fewer symptoms, decreased β-hCG and reduced lesions. " 05/01/2003 - "Eighty-two women (68%) achieved remission without chemotherapy; 23 women (19%) were lost to follow-up without achieving remission, and 16 women (13%) had gestational trophoblastic tumor. "
2.	Therapeutics 08/01/2000 - "Guidelines for the stratification of patients recruited to trials of therapy for low-risk gestational trophoblastic tumor." 06/15/2021 - "Nanodrug-based therapy mediated by transporters provides a novel strategy for the treatment of trophoblastic tumors. " 06/01/2002 - "This clinical classification system may be currently prefer for determining initial therapy in women with malignant gestational trophoblastic tumors. " 01/01/1998 - "To evaluate the revised International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging system for gestational trophoblastic tumors (GTT) and to recommend therapy. " 12/01/1994 - "The clinical classification system is currently preferred for determining initial therapy in women with malignant gestational trophoblastic tumors."
3.	Radiotherapy 09/01/1990 - "Radiotherapy is an effective method in the combined treatment for brain metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumors." 09/01/1990 - "[Radiotherapy for brain metastasis of malignant trophoblastic tumor]." 05/01/1990 - "Chromosomal aberrations were studied on peripheral blood lymphocytes from 16 women with gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT) before chemotherapy or radiotherapy and from 15 age-matched normal women. " 01/01/2021 - "DONNéES PROBANTES: Des recherches ont été effectuées au moyen des bases de données Embase et MEDLINE, du Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials et de la Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews afin de trouver les études publiées depuis 2002 utilisant un ou plusieurs des mots clés suivants : trophoblastic neoplasms, choriocarcinoma, trophoblastic tumor, placental site, gestational trophoblastic disease, hydatidiform mole, drug therapy, surgical therapy, radiotherapy, cure, complications, recurrence, survival, prognosis, pregnancy outcome, disease outcome, treatment outcome et remission. " 01/01/2021 - "Relevant studies from 2002 onwards were searched in Embase, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Systematic Reviews using the following terms, either alone or in combination: trophoblastic neoplasms, choriocarcinoma, trophoblastic tumor, placental site, gestational trophoblastic disease, hydatidiform mole, drug therapy, surgical therapy, radiotherapy, cure, complications, recurrence, survival, prognosis, pregnancy outcome, disease outcome, treatment outcome, and remission. "
4.	Hysterectomy 11/01/2017 - "In both cases, the hysterectomy specimen confirmed the presence of two large epithelioid trophoblastic tumors arising in the endocervix and lower uterine segment with no extrauterine disease. " 09/01/2015 - "A 40-year-old multiparous woman was incidentally diagnosed with epithelioid trophoblastic tumor after hysterectomy. " 09/01/2015 - "An incidentally diagnosed epithelioid trophoblastic tumor in hysterectomy." 03/01/2000 - "To evaluate the role of hysterectomy for patients with gestational trophoblastic tumor. " 03/01/1999 - "To evaluate the role of hysterectomy for patients with gestational trophoblastic tumor. "
5.	Immunotherapy 01/01/2023 - "Novel approaches to managing gestational trophoblastic tumors in the age of immunotherapy." 09/01/1983 - "[Cell-mediated immunity and immunotherapy in trophoblastic tumors]." 01/01/2022 - "Advances in immunotherapy and molecular targeted therapy of gestational trophoblastic tumor: current practice and future perspectives." 01/01/2020 - "Successful pregnancy in a cancer patient previously cured of a gestational trophoblastic tumor by immunotherapy." 01/01/1991 - "The efficacy of immunotherapy for the treatment of recurrent spontaneous abortions was tested in patients selected from the same ethnically homogeneous population of Chinese in Taiwan in whom the immunogenetics of gestational trophoblastic tumors and of recurrent spontaneous abortion had been studied. "