Threonine Dehydratase (Threonine Ammonia-Lyase)

A pyridoxal-phosphate protein that catalyzes the deamination of THREONINE to 2-ketobutyrate and AMMONIA. The role of this enzyme can be biosynthetic or biodegradative. In the former role it supplies 2-ketobutyrate required for ISOLEUCINE biosynthesis, while in the latter it is only involved in the breakdown of threonine to supply energy. This enzyme was formerly listed as EC 4.2.1.16.

Also Known As:

Networked: 20 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 0 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Fujikawa, Isamu: 1 article (01/2021)
2.	Imada, Kiyoshi: 1 article (01/2021)
3.	Ito, Shin-Ichi: 1 article (01/2021)
4.	Jogaiah, Sudisha: 1 article (01/2021)
5.	Kajihara, Hiroshi: 1 article (01/2021)
6.	Ota, Makiko: 1 article (01/2021)
7.	Sakai, Shoji: 1 article (01/2021)
8.	Sasaki, Kazunori: 1 article (01/2021)
9.	Takehara, Yushi: 1 article (01/2021)
10.	Cooper, Arthur J L: 1 article (05/2015)

Related Diseases

1.	Starvation 01/01/1974 - "The energy-yielding reactions of Peptococcus prévotii, their behaviour on starvation and the role and regulation of threonine dehydratase." 11/01/1973 - "Evidence was obtained that indicates the threonine deaminase-forming potential that accumulates under conditions of isoleucine starvation is in the form of initiated (rifampin-resistant), but uncompleted (actinomycin D-sensitive), messenger ribonucleic acid chains. " 03/01/1988 - "Both threonine deaminase activity and ILV1 mRNA levels increase in mutants (gcd2 and gcd3) having constitutively depressed levels of enzymes under the general control of amino acid biosynthesis, as well as in response to starvation for tryptophan and branched-chain amino acid imbalance. " 03/01/1973 - "In a strain with a nonsense mutation midway in liv 1, the gene for threonine deaminase, starvation for isoleucine or valine did not lead to derepression of the three enzymes; starvation for leucine did. " 01/01/1974 - "The dipeptide, glycyl-leucine, which, like isoleucine, is a heterotropic negative effector of threonine deaminase but is not a substrate for isoleucyl-transfer ribonucleic acid synthetase, can completely prevent the accumulation of threonine deaminase-forming potential during isoleucine starvation in strains with normal threonine deaminases. "
2.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma) 01/10/2021 - "Moreover, in MgO-pretreated tomato plants challenge-inoculated with FOL, the late wound-responsive THREONINE DEAMINASE 2 (TD) gene was expressed earlier than its upstream genes, including MYC2, suggesting that a primed state for defense was established in MgO-pretreated plants. " 01/01/2008 - "Expression analyses for 29 genes showed that expression of wound-inducible genes such as those coding for PROTEINASE INHIBITOR2, POLYPHENOL OXIDASE, THREONINE DEAMINASE or ARGINASE was induced by JAME and less induced or even down-regulated by 12-OH-JA and 12-HSO(4)-JA. " 09/01/1992 - "Four other wound-induced, ABA-responsive genes that encode two additional proteinase inhibitors, the proteolytic enzyme leucine aminopeptidase, and the biosynthetic enzyme threonine deaminase were isolated from potato plants. "
3.	Dehydration (Water Stress) 02/05/1968 - "Mechanism of the inactivation of threonine dehydratase during the dehydration of serine." 04/05/2011 - "Higher plants use threonine deaminase (TD) to catalyze the dehydration of threonine (Thr) to α-ketobutyrate and ammonia as the committed step in the biosynthesis of isoleucine (Ile). " 12/01/1994 - "Threonine dehydratase, the first enzyme in isoleucine biosynthesis, catalyzes deamination and dehydration of threonine to produce 2-ketobutyrate and ammonia. "
4.	Diabetic Foot 09/01/1992 - "Fifty-four strains of Peptostreptococcus magnus (11 were recovered from abdominal infections, 18 were from nonpuerperal breast abscesses, and 21 were from diabetic foot infections; the type strain and three other strains were from the American Type Culture Collection, Rockville, Md.) and the type strain of Peptostreptococcus micros were tested for their ability to produce various enzymes, including catalase, hippurate hydrolase, serine dehydratase, threonine dehydratase, collagenase, gelatinase, alkaline phosphatase, and esterase C4. "
5.	Shock 09/01/1978 - "Pyruvate addition at the time of anaerobic shock severely affected both cAMP accumulation and threonine dehydratase synthesis; however, externally added cAMP could partially counter the pyruvate effect on enzyme synthesis. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Enzymes
2.	Isoleucine (L-Isoleucine)
3.	Threonine (L-Threonine)
4.	RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)
5.	Peptide Hydrolases (Proteases)
6.	Leucine (L-Leucine)
7.	Ammonia
8.	Pyruvic Acid (Pyruvate)
9.	Nonsense Codon (Nonsense Mutation)
10.	Gelatinases