Thimerosal (Thiomersal)

An ethylmercury-sulfidobenzoate that has been used as a preservative in VACCINES; ANTIVENINS; and OINTMENTS. It was formerly used as a topical antiseptic. It degrades to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate.

Also Known As:

Networked: 451 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 65 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Geier, Mark R: 32 articles (12/2018 - 03/2003)
2.	Geier, David A: 31 articles (12/2018 - 03/2003)
3.	Kern, Janet K: 17 articles (12/2018 - 08/2013)
4.	Sykes, Lisa K: 10 articles (07/2016 - 12/2007)
5.	King, Paul G: 7 articles (01/2016 - 08/2013)
6.	Homme, Kristin G: 6 articles (12/2018 - 06/2015)
7.	Dórea, José G: 6 articles (09/2018 - 06/2007)
8.	Hooker, Brian S: 6 articles (03/2016 - 12/2013)
9.	Olczak, Mieszko: 5 articles (02/2012 - 12/2009)
10.	DeStefano, Frank: 4 articles (01/2019 - 11/2003)

Related Diseases

1.	Autistic Disorder (Autism) 03/01/2009 - "Thus, our studies, although not directly addressing the controversy surrounding thimerosal and autism, and still preliminary due to small numbers of mice examined, provide, nevertheless, the first report of gender-selective toxicity of thimerosal and indicate that any future studies of thimerosal toxicity should take into consideration gender-specific differences." 03/01/2009 - "Autism occurs approximately four times more frequently in males compared to females; thus, studies of thimerosal toxicity should take into consideration gender-selective effects. " 09/01/2004 - "We summarize from multiple population-based studies and extensive review committee reports that neither immunization nor thimerosal exposure has been conclusively linked to autism. " 06/17/2014 - "Similarly the case-control data found no evidence for increased risk of developing autism or ASD following MMR, Hg, or thimerosal exposure when grouped by condition (OR: 0.90, 95% CI: 0.83 to 0.98; p=0.02) or grouped by exposure type (OR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.76 to 0.95; p=0.01). " 01/01/2014 - "The CDC's current stance that Thimerosal is safe and that there is no relationship between Thimerosal and autism is based on six specific published epidemiological studies coauthored and sponsored by the CDC. "
2.	Hypersensitivity (Allergy) 08/01/2012 - "MCI/MI and thimerosal showed highly positive allergy reactions in our study. " 03/01/1988 - "Two other patients with negative patch tests developed thimerosal hypersensitivity reactions over the 1-year study duration. " 09/01/2019 - "MrgprB2 mediates thimerosal-induced mast cell degranulation and pseudo-allergic reaction in mice. " 09/01/2019 - "Thimerosal induced pseudo-allergic reactions via MrgprB2/ MRGPRX2 were investigated using a novel skin pseudo-allergic reaction mouse model, footpad swelling and extravasation assays in vivo and mast cell degranulation assay in vitro. " 01/01/2013 - "A subpopulation of eight individuals (4 ASD, 2 twins, and 2 siblings) from four of the families showed thimerosal hypersensitivity, whereas none of the control individuals displayed this response. "
3.	Hepatitis B 01/01/2016 - "A longitudinal cohort study of the relationship between Thimerosal-containing hepatitis B vaccination and specific delays in development in the United States: Assessment of attributable risk and lifetime care costs." 04/01/2007 - "Perinatal hepatitis B transmission and vaccination timing in a managed care cohort: assessment of the temporary delay in newborn hepatitis B vaccination due to thimerosal content." 05/07/2004 - "Until such time as the scientific evidence is to hand, thiomersal-free presentations of hepatitis B are to be preferred for the birth dose. " 01/01/2012 - "In July 1999, the Public Health Service agencies and vaccine manufacturers agreed that thimerosal should be reduced or eliminated in vaccines as a precautionary measure but, due to the lack of appropriate alternative, it is still extensively used in multiple dose formulations of vaccines such as hepatitis-B in developing countries. " 11/15/2018 - "Premature Puberty and Thimerosal-Containing Hepatitis B Vaccination: A Case-Control Study in the Vaccine Safety Datalink."
4.	Aneuploidy (Aneuploid) 10/01/1993 - "Some chemicals such as thiabendazole and thimerosal induce aneuploidy in vitro but do not appear to be very effective in vivo. " 05/01/1993 - "In the low passage line, 8 of the compounds (colchicine, vinblastine, chloral hydrate, thiabendazole, thimerosal, econazole nitrate, pyrimethamine and diazepam) induced aneuploidy and/or tetraploidy. " 09/01/1990 - "We tested nine (cadmium chloride, chloral hydrate, colchicine, diazepam, econazole nitrate, hydroquinone, pyrimethamine, thiabendazole, thimerosal) of the 10 known or suspected spindle poisons of the coordinated programme to study aneuploidy induction sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities using Saccharomyces cerevisiae D61.M (mitotic chromosomal malsegregation system). " 05/01/1989 - "In the coordinated programme to study aneuploidy induction, sponsored by the Commission of the European Communities, 10 known or suspect spindle poisons (colchicine, econazole, chloralhydrate, hydroquinone, diazepam, thiabendazole, cadmium chloride, pyrimethamine, vincristine and thimerosal) were tested in mouse bone marrow cells for the induction of c-mitotic effects. " 05/01/1993 - "The synopsis of the in vivo test results in the first collaborative CEC Aneuploidy Project with 10 selected chemicals, colchicine (COL), econazole (EZ), chloral hydrate (CH), hydroquinone (HQ), diazepam (DZ), thiabendazole (TB), cadmium chloride (CD), thimerosal (TM), pyrimethamine (PY) and vinblastine (VBL), allowed several conclusions. "
5.	Uterine Cervical Neoplasms (Cancer of the Cervix) 05/01/2015 - "Long (27-nucleotides) siRNAs targeting E6-E7 mRNAs effectively reduce the viability of HPV18-positive cervical cancer cells and show the synergistic effect in combination with IFN-b and thimerosal. " 05/01/2015 - "This study was to identify small inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) that are effective in inhibiting growth of cervical cancer cell lines harboring human papilloma virus (HPV) and to examine how siRNAs interact with interferon beta (IFN-β) and thimerosal. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Vaccines
2.	Mercury
3.	Thiabendazole (Mintezol)
4.	Formaldehyde (Formol)
5.	Iodine
6.	Allergens
7.	Interferon-beta
8.	diazolidinylurea (diazolidinyl urea)
9.	imidazolidinyl urea
10.	Clioquinol (Vioform)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Ligation
2.	Intramuscular Injections
3.	Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
4.	Hydrophilic Contact Lenses (Hydrophilic Contact Lens)
5.	Injections