Taste Disorders (Taste Disorder)

Conditions characterized by an alteration in gustatory function or perception. Taste disorders are frequently associated with OLFACTION DISORDERS. Additional potential etiologies include METABOLIC DISEASES; DRUG TOXICITY; and taste pathway disorders (e.g., TASTE BUD diseases; FACIAL NERVE DISEASES; GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE DISEASES; and BRAIN STEM diseases).

Also Known As:

Taste Disorder; Taste, Metallic; Metallic Taste; Taste Disorder, Anterior Tongue; Taste Disorder, Posterior Tongue; Taste Disorder, Primary, Bitter; Taste Disorder, Primary, Salt; Taste Disorder, Primary, Sweet; Taste Disorder, Secondary, Bitter; Taste Disorder, Secondary, Salt; Taste Disorder, Secondary, Sweet; Dysfunction, Taste; Metallic Tastes; Primary Taste Disorder; Primary Taste Disorders; Secondary Taste Disorder; Secondary Taste Disorders; Taste Disorders, Primary; Taste Disorders, Secondary; Tastes, Metallic; Taste Disorder, Primary; Taste Disorder, Secondary; Taste Dysfunction

Networked: 389 relevant articles (27 outcomes, 52 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Taste Disorders (Taste Disorder)
2.	Chronic Kidney Failure (Chronic Renal Failure)
3.	Dizziness (Lightheadedness)
4.	Xerostomia
5.	Tinnitus

Experts

1.	Sakagami, Masafumi: 10 articles (09/2015 - 03/2002)
2.	Ikeda, Minoru: 9 articles (01/2020 - 01/2002)
3.	Lawless, Harry T: 7 articles (03/2009 - 01/2004)
4.	Hummel, Thomas: 6 articles (01/2019 - 12/2005)
5.	Inokuchi, Akira: 6 articles (08/2014 - 04/2002)
6.	Tomita, Hiroshi: 6 articles (10/2009 - 01/2002)
7.	Landis, Basile N: 5 articles (04/2014 - 07/2006)
8.	Ikui, Akihiro: 5 articles (10/2009 - 01/2002)
9.	Nin, Tomomi: 4 articles (10/2022 - 03/2006)
10.	Doty, Richard L: 4 articles (03/2018 - 01/2008)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Taste Disorders:

1.	ZincIBA 01/01/2018 - "Out of these nine, two trials of very low quality assessed the patient-reported outcome for improvement in taste acuity using zinc supplements (risk ratio (RR) 1.40, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.94 to 2.09.The meta-analyses of three trials classified as very low-quality evidence for taste acuity improvement in idiopathic and zinc-deficient taste disorder patients resulted in a standardised mean difference (SMD) = 0.44, (95% CI 0.23 to 0.65); 366 participants.One" 11/26/2014 - "We found very low quality evidence that was insufficient to conclude on the role of zinc supplements to improve taste perception by patients, however we found moderate quality evidence that zinc supplements improve overall taste improvement in patients with zinc deficiency/idiopathic taste disorders. " 01/01/2010 - "This clinical observation, together with recent findings on significant improvement of taste disorders after zinc treatments for other causes, opens again the question of what extent zinc deficiency plays a role in PTD." 01/01/2013 - "In conclusion, administration of a zinc agent is effective for patients with taste disorders, provided selection of appropriate patients is performed, and that proper examination and evaluation are conducted. " 11/01/2005 - "Administration of zinc is the main treatment for taste disorders in Japan. "
2.	polaprezinc (Z 103)IBA 01/01/2012 - "In this review, we primarily make reference to our own data on the pharmacological action of polaprezinc on taste disorders and introduce recent research on the effects of polaprezinc in treating other diseases." 01/01/2012 - "The pharmacological action of polaprezinc, however, on taste disorders remains unclear. " 04/01/2011 - "[Orally administered polaprezinc significantly improves taste disorders in ovarian cancer patient undergoing chemotherapy]." 02/29/2020 - "A Review of Zinc-L-Carnosine and Its Positive Effects on Oral Mucositis, Taste Disorders, and Gastrointestinal Disorders." 10/01/2009 - "A zinc-containing compound, Polaprezinc, is effective for patients with taste disorders: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center study."
3.	picolinic acid (chromium picolinate)IBA 07/01/1995 - "[Therapeutic efficacy of zinc picolinate in patients with taste disorders]." 01/01/2002 - "Double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of zinc picolinate for taste disorders." 07/01/1995 - "4. We conclude that the administration of zinc picolinate is effective for patients with zinc-deficient and idiopathic taste disorders." 07/01/1995 - "We studied the therapeutic efficacy of zinc picolinate in patients with zinc-deficient and idiopathic taste disorders. " 01/01/2002 - "A total of 73 patients with an idiopathic zinc-deficiency taste disorder completed a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy of zinc picolinate. "
4.	TabletsIBA 02/01/2011 - "Although full compliance to treatment was reported, three patients on LC complained of gastrointestinal upset and/or a metallic taste, and four had difficulty chewing the LC tablet. " 03/01/1994 - "Forty eight (66%) patients experienced a metallic taste while taking the tablets. " 04/01/2011 - "Orally disintegrating tablets of polaprezinc were then administered to the patient, after which the subjective symptom of taste disorder improved. " 06/01/2015 - "This study was intended to design an orally disintegrating tablet (ODT) formulation that can mask the extremely bitter and metallic taste of phencynonate HCl by novel ion-exchange resins. "
5.	MetalsIBA 01/01/2021 - "It also has the potential to translate to clinical populations by addressing the disparities in knowledge and treatment options for individuals suffering from metallic taste disorder (i.e., phantom taste or "metal mouth"). " 10/01/2016 - "This material can be used for patients allergic to metals, or who dislike the metallic taste, the weight, and the unpleasant metal display of the denture framework and retentive clasps. " 10/01/2017 - "Regarding various taste disorders, salty-dysgeusia patients showed the lowest taste test scores compared to those with bitter or metal-dysgeusia. " 10/01/1987 - "Divers performing underwater manual metal arc welding/cutting (UMMA) have complained about a metallic taste phenomenon. " 04/01/2008 - "Metal fume fever associated with inhalation of fumes of ZnO is characterized by fatigue, chills, fever, myalgias, cough, dyspnea, leukocytosis, thirst, metallic taste and salivation. "
6.	AntibodiesIBA 03/01/2019 - "Eculizumab improved weakness and taste disorder in thymoma-associated generalized myasthenia gravis with anti-striational antibodies: A case report." 01/01/2020 - "Using Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM Antibodies to Detect Outpatient Cases with Olfactory and Taste Disorders Suspected as Mild Form of COVID-19: a Retrospective Survey."
7.	gluconic acid (gluconate)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1991 - "The therapeutic efficacy of orally given zinc gluconate on taste disorder was investigated by a double-blind study in 98 patients with a chief complaint of this disease. " 01/01/1991 - "A double-blind study of the therapeutic efficacy of zinc gluconate on taste disorder." 01/01/1991 - "Although no significant difference was detected between the two groups in overall efficacy, a significant superiority of zinc gluconate to placebo was observed in patients with idiopathic and zinc-deficient taste disorder. " 01/01/2023 - "The intervention includes zinc (sulfate, gluconate, picolinate, polaprezinc, and acetate), and the pooled results of the meta-analysis of subjects with idiopathic and zinc-deficient taste disorder indicate that improvements in taste disorder occurred more frequently in the experimental group compared to the control group (RR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.64, p=0.0002). "
8.	Vitamin A (Retinol)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2021 - "In general, evidences show that there is no specific treatment for olfactory-taste disorders induced by SARS-CoV-2, even though some treatments have been used and have shown some promising results, such as olfactory training, intranasal application of sodium citrate and vitamin A, as well as systemic use of omega-3 and zinc. "
9.	Theophylline (Theon)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/2017 - "Theophylline treatment increased patient saliva Shh and improved taste dysfunction both subjectively and by gustometry. " 10/01/2017 - "Measurements of saliva Shh provide an important marker for the presence of taste dysfunction and in the improvement by theophylline treatment." 10/01/2017 - "By use of these systematic clinical measurements theophylline can be demonstrated to increase saliva Shh and improve taste dysfunction. " 10/01/2017 - "To determine changes in saliva sonic hedgehog (Shh) and in taste dysfunction before and after oral theophylline treatment. " 10/01/2017 - "Theophylline increases saliva sonic hedgehog and improves taste dysfunction."
10.	Oxygen (Dioxygen)IBA 03/01/1990 - "The volunteers had minor toxic manifestations, such as dizziness, tinnitus and a metallic taste in the mouth; one person had a sensation of pressure in his chest, which improved following oxygen administration.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)"

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 09/01/2023 - "This study investigates the impact of etiology on the epidemiologic profile, disease severity, type of treatment and therapy outcome in smell and taste disorders. " 11/01/2005 - "In addition to determining changes in the number of patients that had occurred in the 13 years since the last study in 1990, the survey also sought to find out what types of taste examination were used to diagnose taste disorders in Japan and what therapies were used to treat them. " 01/01/2020 - "We have concluded that the prognosis for the patients with taste disorders who were treated by popular and standard medication therapy in Japan recently was significantly linked to gender, the period of 3 months before starting the treatment and the severity of the disorder at the time of diagnosis. " 08/14/2017 - "The specialist in nuclear medicine should be aware of the multifactorial causes of taste dysfunction, in particular if the patient seeks medical advice after radioiodine therapy." 08/14/2017 - "If feasible, therapy regimens bearing a potential risk for taste dysfunction should be switched. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2023 - "In the AHCC® group, the occurrence of taste disorders during chemotherapy was significantly lower, and the nutritional parameters were significantly improved compared to those in the placebo group (Risk difference; 28.6% [95% CI: 7.5% to 47.8%], p = 0.0077). " 01/01/2019 - "In this trial, patients undergoing chemotherapy were screened for taste disorders. " 01/01/2023 - "AHCC® appears to prevent taste disorders in patients with advanced PDAC who were receiving chemotherapy. " 01/01/2023 - "Patients undergoing chemotherapy suffer from taste disorders that affect the quality of life (QOL). " 11/25/2020 - "Furthermore, there are no effective preventive measures for chemotherapy-induced taste disorders. "
3.	Olfactory Training 01/01/2019 - "Impact of taste and smell training on taste disorders during chemotherapy - TASTE trial." 01/01/2019 - "Subsequently, patients were allocated based on the detection of taste disorders (≤8 taste strips points) to an intervention group with a taste and smell training at baseline and week 3-5 or were only followed up, if no taste disorder was detected (≥9 taste strips points) (non-intervention group). " 01/01/2019 - "Improvement of taste disorder is of particular importance for cancer patients' outcomes, thus the TASTE trial was conducted to improve taste disorders with a taste and smell training. " 01/01/2021 - "In general, evidences show that there is no specific treatment for olfactory-taste disorders induced by SARS-CoV-2, even though some treatments have been used and have shown some promising results, such as olfactory training, intranasal application of sodium citrate and vitamin A, as well as systemic use of omega-3 and zinc. "
4.	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 01/01/2011 - "Improvement in smell and taste dysfunction after repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation." 03/01/2011 - "Transcranial magnetic stimulation: a treatment for smell and taste dysfunction."
5.	Low-Level Light Therapy (LLLT) 03/01/2022 - "A Brazilian multicenter pilot case series on the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy for COVID-19-related taste dysfunction." 01/01/2022 - "Photobiomodulation therapy for treatment olfactory and taste dysfunction COVID-19-related: A case report."