Swayback

Congenital locomotor ataxia of lambs, thought to be associated with copper deficiency. It is characterized clinically by progressive incoordination of the hind limbs and pathologically by disruption of neuron and myelin development in the central nervous system. It is caused by a deficiency of metabolizable copper in the ewe during the last half of her pregnancy. (Dorland, 28th ed; Stedman, 26th ed)

Also Known As:

Networked: 54 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Spinal Cord Diseases
2.	Osteochondrosis (Osgood Schlatter Disease)
3.	Menkes Kinky Hair Syndrome (Menkes Disease)
4.	White Muscle Disease
5.	Swayback

Experts

1.	Kumar, Neeraj: 3 articles (10/2006 - 12/2003)
2.	Adogwa, A: 2 articles (12/2007 - 11/2005)
3.	Grace, N D: 2 articles (12/2002 - 08/2001)
4.	Wilson, P R: 2 articles (12/2002 - 08/2001)
5.	Chascsa, David M: 1 article (07/2021)
6.	Dickson, Rolland C: 1 article (07/2021)
7.	Lam-Himlin, Dora M: 1 article (07/2021)
8.	Lizaola-Mayo, Blanca C: 1 article (07/2021)
9.	Rodgers, Jennifer: 1 article (10/2012)
10.	Shammaa, Yasir: 1 article (10/2012)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Swayback:

1.	CopperIBA 12/01/2008 - "Early studies showed that lambs born to mothers on copper-deficient pastures developed 'swayback', with neurological and muscular symptoms that could not be reversed by postnatal supplementation. " 07/08/2021 - "Human Swayback is a very rare copper-related disease which deserves awareness due to its potential irreversible health effects in the human body. " 07/08/2021 - "Human Swayback is a disease characterized by acquired copper deficiency which primarily manifests as myeloneuropathy. " 01/01/2012 - "The laboratory results showed that the animals presented low copper concentrations in the plasma and liver, without difference between the clinically healthy animals and those affected by enzootic ataxia. " 01/01/2012 - "Copper (Cu) deficiency was diagnosed in a herd of 56 sheep, among which five presented characteristic clinical symptoms of enzootic ataxia. "
2.	IronIBA 09/01/2006 - "The purpose of this study is to investigate the possibility that swayback ailment is iron (Fe)-induced copper (Cu) deficiency. "
3.	Trace Elements (Biometals)IBA 01/01/2002 - "• In the 1940s and 1950s, New Zealand researchers were at the forefront of research to define the cause of trace-element related ill-thrift and clinical diseases like white muscle disease, peat scours and enzootic ataxia. " 01/01/2002 - "In the 1940s and 1950s, New Zealand researchers were at the forefront of research to define the cause of trace-element related ill-thrift and clinical diseases like white muscle disease, peat scours and enzootic ataxia. " 07/01/1989 - "Models based on experimentally induced disease, include heavy metals and trace elements (lead intoxication in guinea pigs, rabbits, rats, cats and primates; mercury intoxication in rats; aluminium intoxication in rabbits; swayback in goat kids; calcium and magnesium deficient rabbits and primates and calcium deficient cynomolgus monkeys), toxins (IDPN, vincristine, vinblastine, podophyllotoxin, colchicine, maytansine, maytanprine, L-BMAA, lectins, adriamycin), nutritional factors (ascorbic acid deficient guinea pigs), virus infection (spongiform polioencephalomyelitis, attenuated poliovirus, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus), and immunological factors (immunization with motor neurons). "
4.	SoilIBA 01/01/2002 - "• In the 1940s and 1950s, New Zealand researchers were at the forefront of research to define the cause of trace-element related ill-thrift and clinical diseases like white muscle disease, peat scours and enzootic ataxia. " 01/01/2002 - "In the 1940s and 1950s, New Zealand researchers were at the forefront of research to define the cause of trace-element related ill-thrift and clinical diseases like white muscle disease, peat scours and enzootic ataxia. " 09/01/1989 - "A diagnosis of secondary copper deficiency was established on a deer farm with a peat soil type, on the basis of confirmed enzootic ataxia in hinds, liver and serum copper concentrations and pasture and soil element analyses. "
5.	Electron Transport Complex IV (Cytochrome c Oxidase)IBA 06/01/1998 - "Cytochrome-c oxidase isolated from the brain of swayback-diseased sheep displays unusual structure and uncharacteristic kinetics." 05/01/1996 - "Swayback disease (SD), a fatal neurological disorder affecting lambs and kids, is characterized by abnormal mitochondria and low cytochrome-c oxidase activity. " 06/01/1959 - "The copper content and cytochrome oxidase activity of tissues from normal and swayback lambs."
6.	CalciumIBA 08/16/1969 - "Deaths in ewes following the administration of copper calcium edetate for prevention of swayback." 07/01/1989 - "Models based on experimentally induced disease, include heavy metals and trace elements (lead intoxication in guinea pigs, rabbits, rats, cats and primates; mercury intoxication in rats; aluminium intoxication in rabbits; swayback in goat kids; calcium and magnesium deficient rabbits and primates and calcium deficient cynomolgus monkeys), toxins (IDPN, vincristine, vinblastine, podophyllotoxin, colchicine, maytansine, maytanprine, L-BMAA, lectins, adriamycin), nutritional factors (ascorbic acid deficient guinea pigs), virus infection (spongiform polioencephalomyelitis, attenuated poliovirus, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus), and immunological factors (immunization with motor neurons). "
7.	LectinsIBA 07/01/1989 - "Models based on experimentally induced disease, include heavy metals and trace elements (lead intoxication in guinea pigs, rabbits, rats, cats and primates; mercury intoxication in rats; aluminium intoxication in rabbits; swayback in goat kids; calcium and magnesium deficient rabbits and primates and calcium deficient cynomolgus monkeys), toxins (IDPN, vincristine, vinblastine, podophyllotoxin, colchicine, maytansine, maytanprine, L-BMAA, lectins, adriamycin), nutritional factors (ascorbic acid deficient guinea pigs), virus infection (spongiform polioencephalomyelitis, attenuated poliovirus, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus), and immunological factors (immunization with motor neurons). "
8.	Copper Sulfate (Sulfate, Copper)FDA Link 10/27/1951 - "Prevention of swayback symptoms in lambs by administration of copper sulfate to the pregnant ewe."
9.	Heavy MetalsIBA 07/01/1989 - "Models based on experimentally induced disease, include heavy metals and trace elements (lead intoxication in guinea pigs, rabbits, rats, cats and primates; mercury intoxication in rats; aluminium intoxication in rabbits; swayback in goat kids; calcium and magnesium deficient rabbits and primates and calcium deficient cynomolgus monkeys), toxins (IDPN, vincristine, vinblastine, podophyllotoxin, colchicine, maytansine, maytanprine, L-BMAA, lectins, adriamycin), nutritional factors (ascorbic acid deficient guinea pigs), virus infection (spongiform polioencephalomyelitis, attenuated poliovirus, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus), and immunological factors (immunization with motor neurons). "
10.	Vincristine (Oncovin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1989 - "Models based on experimentally induced disease, include heavy metals and trace elements (lead intoxication in guinea pigs, rabbits, rats, cats and primates; mercury intoxication in rats; aluminium intoxication in rabbits; swayback in goat kids; calcium and magnesium deficient rabbits and primates and calcium deficient cynomolgus monkeys), toxins (IDPN, vincristine, vinblastine, podophyllotoxin, colchicine, maytansine, maytanprine, L-BMAA, lectins, adriamycin), nutritional factors (ascorbic acid deficient guinea pigs), virus infection (spongiform polioencephalomyelitis, attenuated poliovirus, lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus), and immunological factors (immunization with motor neurons). "