Strongyloidiasis

Infection with nematodes of the genus STRONGYLOIDES. The presence of larvae may produce pneumonitis and the presence of adult worms in the intestine could lead to moderate to severe diarrhea.

Also Known As:

Networked: 723 relevant articles (64 outcomes, 62 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Onchocerciasis
2.	Helminthiasis (Helminthiases)
3.	Parasitic Diseases (Parasitic Disease)
4.	Nephrotic Syndrome (Syndrome, Nephrotic)
5.	Infections

Experts

1.	Costa-Cruz, Julia Maria: 22 articles (01/2022 - 07/2003)
2.	Buonfrate, Dora: 13 articles (04/2022 - 07/2011)
3.	Bisoffi, Zeno: 13 articles (08/2021 - 07/2011)
4.	Costa-Cruz, Julia M: 13 articles (03/2021 - 10/2007)
5.	Lok, James B: 8 articles (12/2021 - 06/2009)
6.	Gonzaga, Henrique Tomaz: 8 articles (01/2021 - 06/2010)
7.	Maleewong, Wanchai: 8 articles (01/2021 - 01/2006)
8.	Keiser, Jennifer: 7 articles (01/2022 - 11/2019)
9.	de Paula, Fabiana Martins: 7 articles (01/2022 - 12/2017)
10.	Ueta, Marlene Tiduko: 6 articles (03/2022 - 09/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Strongyloidiasis:

1.	Ivermectin (Mectizan)FDA Link 12/01/2004 - "In chronic uncomplicated strongyloidiasis, a treatment regimen consisting of ivermectin 200 mug/kg for 2 consecutive days provided the best results with regard to efficacy and tolerability. " 12/01/2004 - "Ivermectin has been shown to be more effective for treating chronic uncomplicated strongyloidiasis. " 06/27/2021 - "Single-dose ivermectin treatment has shown to be effective among immunocompetent patients with uncomplicated strongyloidiasis. " 01/01/2016 - "Despite the limited published experience of parenteral ivermectin use, there is evidence that it may be a safe and effective treatment for severe strongyloidiasis. " 05/01/2007 - "Parenteral ivermectin is found to be useful in the treatment of disseminated strongyloidiasis. "
2.	Albendazole (Albenza)FDA Link 01/01/2006 - "A randomized trial study was conducted comparing the efficacy of two high-dose regimens of albendazole for the treatment of uncomplicated human strongyloidiasis. " 03/01/1993 - "Albendazole is effective treatment for chronic strongyloidiasis." 01/01/1988 - "It is concluded that albendazole may be effective treatment for strongyloidiasis if it is given in sufficiently large doses." 05/01/1994 - "A study was undertaken to compare the efficacy of the drug with that of albendazole in the treatment of uncomplicated strongyloidiasis. " 10/01/1999 - "To determine the host factors involved in response to treatment, 46 patients with strongyloidiasis were treated with albendazole, followed-up for 1 year, and separated into two groups: cured and non-cured. "
3.	AnthelminticsIBA 11/01/2019 - "In summary, Cry5B demonstrated strong potential as an effective anthelmintic for treatment and transmission control of human strongyloidiasis, justifying further experiments to investigate in vivo therapeutic efficacy." 11/01/2019 - "Therefore, it is important to discover new anthelmintics to treat or prevent human strongyloidiasis. " 10/01/2019 - "Therefore, PCR should be considered as a useful tool for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis, particularly in HTLV-1 carriers who often present a light parasitic load due to erratic administration of anthelmintic drugs." 08/01/1968 - "[A search for anthelmintics for strongyloidiasis in calves]." 12/01/2022 - "Strongyloidiasis could be a significant global health issue undervalued in several countries, which is caused by Strongyloides spp. Challenges stemming from the use of anthelmintic chemotherapy, such as the development of resistance, the progressive cost of medicines, environmental toxicity of chemicals, and residuals in beast products have increased interest in promoting alternative means of control for the use of plant-based parasite control methods. "
4.	Thiabendazole (Mintezol)FDA Link 01/01/1965 - "Successful therapy of Strongyloidiasis with thiabendazole." 05/01/1981 - "When administered in time, thiabendazole, the drug of choice for strongyloidiasis, was effective in 70% of cases. " 03/01/1991 - "[New trial with thiabendazole for treatment of human strongyloidiasis]." 12/01/2004 - "Treatment of strongyloidiasis has been traditionally based on thiabendazole, despite its frequent gastrointestinal side effects and failure to achieve eradication of the parasite from faeces in approximately 30% of cases. " 07/01/2002 - "Early diagnosis and treatment with thiabendazole may reduce mortality in hyperinfective strongyloidiasis. "
5.	Mebendazole (Anti-Worm)FDA Link 04/01/1991 - "[Treatment of strongyloidiasis with mebendazole--long-term eradication and new trials]." 03/01/1992 - "We treated 245 strongyloidiasis patients with 7 schedules of mebendazole (MBZ) and obtained the eradication rates at 8 months to 2 years after the final treatment as described follows; MBZ (100 mg) was given twice a day orally. " 04/01/1991 - "We previously reported the short period cure rate of mebendazole (MBZ) treatment to strongyloidiasis. " 03/01/1983 - "Treatment of strongyloidiasis with mebendazole." 07/01/1978 - "[Experiment in using Vermox (mebendazole) for treating strongyloidiasis]."
6.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)IBA 07/01/2004 - "Association of a sex-related difference of Strongyloides stercoralis-specific IgG4 antibody titer with the efficacy of treatment of strongyloidiasis." 09/30/2011 - "The aim of the present study was to evaluate the use of IgG avidity to detect patients with active strongyloidiasis and to characterize sources of disagreement between serology and coproparasitology. " 08/28/2023 - "Further assessment is required to assess the utility of urine IgG4 for measuring the response treatment in strongyloidiasis." 08/28/2023 - "This suggests that accurate diagnosis of strongyloidiasis can be performed using urine samples and IgG4 is a valid choice of diagnostic marker. " 08/28/2023 - "The performance of Strongyloides-specific IgG4 in urine for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis using fecal examinations as the reference standard was assessed. "
7.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 02/01/2017 - "Over the years, some conditions, such as advances in corticosteroid treatment and immunosuppressive diseases, have improved not only the increase in cases of strongyloidiasis, but also the emergence of severe forms of the disease and / or deaths. " 04/19/2023 - "The two parameters contributing the most uncertainty to the analysis were the hospitalization rate for individuals with chronic strongyloidiasis who initiate corticosteroids (baseline 0.166%) and prevalence of chronic strongyloidiasis (baseline 17.3%) according to a series of one-way sensitivity analyses. " 04/19/2023 - "We evaluated the cost-effectiveness (net cost per death averted) of each strategy using broad ranges of pre-intervention prevalence and hospitalization rates for chronic strongyloidiasis patients initiating corticosteroid treatment. " 04/19/2023 - "The risk of developing strongyloidiasis hyperinfection syndrome appears to be elevated among individuals who initiate corticosteroid treatment. " 04/19/2023 - "Cost-effectiveness of treatment strategies for populations from strongyloidiasis high-risk areas globally who will initiate corticosteroid treatment in the United States."
8.	CambendazoleIBA 09/01/1983 - "Cambendazole in the treatment of human strongyloidiasis." 01/01/1983 - "Treatment of human strongyloidiasis with cambendazole, a new anthelminthic. " 07/01/1979 - "[Cambendazole - a new substance for the treatment of strongyloidiasis]." 05/01/1978 - "[Preliminary personal observations on the effectiveness of cambendazole in the treatment of strongyloidiasis]." 01/01/1976 - "[Cambendazole--a new substance for the treatment of strongyloidiasis]."
9.	carbendazimIBA 01/01/1993 - "[The efficacy of treating strongyloidiasis patients with medamine]." 03/01/1991 - "[The comparative efficacy of medamine and mintezol in treating strongyloidiasis]."
10.	AntigensIBA 01/01/2023 - "In the present study, we optimized urine ELISA protocols based on different antigen types and evaluated their accuracies in determining the epidemiology of strongyloidiasis in Northeast Thailand. " 01/01/2023 - "venezuelensis as a heterologous source of antigens has facilitated several published studies on the serodiagnosis and epidemiology of human strongyloidiasis. " 09/01/2003 - "Routine microscopical examination of stool specimens for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis is insensitive and serological methods using Strongyloides stercoralis antigen are at present not available for field studies. " 11/01/2001 - "Despite these limitations and the need for further study of specificity, these results provide a basis for future development of a diagnostic skin test antigen for strongyloidiasis." 01/01/2023 - "The results obtained by urine ELISA protocols using three different antigens showed comparable diagnostic performances, provided further supports for the utility of urine as an alternative clinical specimen for diagnosis of strongyloidiasis."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2023 - "The empirical prophylaxis strategy had a significantly higher cost than the definite therapy strategy (563 versus 254, P value < 0.001) and did not demonstrate superior efficacy in strongyloidiasis prevention." 08/01/2013 - "The association of this therapy with strongyloidiasis may turn an undiagnosed inactive, chronic form of the disease into an active form within the framework of a hyperinfection syndrome which might lead to death. " 02/01/2005 - "Strongyloides stercoralis was found in the analysis of the sperm and specific therapy for strongyloidiasis was associated with disappearance of the symptoms." 09/01/2000 - "Since there were no relapses, it is unlikely that maintenance therapy has a role in the management of strongyloidiasis in this population of patients." 01/01/1989 - "For the therapy of human strongyloidiasis, are necessary effective drugs to eliminate both larvae and adult worm parasitism, which may also be used by parenteral route, to obviate the particular conditions presented by many patients. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/2009 - "This study highlights the importance of considering strongyloidiasis in all patients on immunosuppressive drug therapy who present with gastrointestinal symptoms so that the patient can be appropriately investigated and promptly treated. " 01/01/2022 - "While current chemotherapies treat strongyloidiasis, disease recrudescence and the looming threat of anthelminthic resistance necessitate novel strategies for nematode control. " 12/01/2011 - "Strongyloidiasis was treated before starting chemotherapy. " 11/01/2006 - "Utility of serological follow-up of chronic strongyloidiasis after anthelminthic chemotherapy." 01/01/2004 - "In these cases, the syndromic-and-empiric approach to justifying and performing chemotherapy is recommended due to the inadequate efficiency of parasitological methods for diagnosing strongyloidiasis at the low rate of invasion. "
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 03/01/2006 - "The results support evidence that serology is a valuable tool in monitoring treatment responses in patients with suspected strongyloidiasis and highlights the need to ensure that S stercoralis is completely eradicated after treatment." 05/01/2014 - "Strongyloides stercoralis serology is a useful diagnostic tool both in the diagnosis of probable strongyloidiasis and follow-up after treatment." 10/18/2021 - "In addition, ddPCR technique might be useful for screening patients before starting immunosuppressive drug therapy, and follow-up after treatment of strongyloidiasis." 05/01/2018 - "The remission of nephrotic syndrome after treatment of strongyloidiasis suggests a possible causal relationship between Strongyloides and nephrotic syndrome." 05/01/2010 - "The patient was a 59-year-old woman, with a 3-year history of an apparently well controlled lymphoma after treatment with chemotherapy-immunotherapy and then immunotherapy alone, and diagnosis of strongyloidiasis. "
4.	Donor Selection 09/01/2016 - "Effective donor screening and prophylaxis in high-risk SOT recipients may help to decrease morbidity and mortality associated with donor-derived strongyloidiasis." 10/01/2023 - "Additional considerations for pretransplant deceased donor screening include testing for neglected and endemic infectious diseases such as strongyloidiasis and HTLV 1/2. Molecular diagnostic tests have improved awareness on pathogenicity of mollicutes and fungi in the setting of DDIs. " 06/01/2018 - "Targeted donor screening for strongyloidiasis performed at the time of organ procurement can prevent this life-threatening donor-derived infection. "
5.	Therapy with Helminths 12/01/2010 - "CMV was treated with ganciclovir and the strongyloidiasis was cured with two courses of anti-helminthic therapy--initially with ivermectine and albendazol and, in response to eosinophilia, with ivermectine monotherapy. "