Spinal Cord Injuries (Spinal Cord Injury)

5052  relevant articles (348 outcomes, 862 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Spinal Cord Injury; Injuries, Spinal Cord; Post-Traumatic Myelopathy; Spinal Cord Contusion; Spinal Cord Laceration; Spinal Cord Transection; Spinal Cord Trauma; Contusion, Spinal Cord; Contusions, Spinal Cord; Cord Contusion, Spinal; Cord Contusions, Spinal; Cord Injuries, Spinal; Cord Injury, Spinal; Cord Laceration, Spinal; Cord Lacerations, Spinal; Cord Transection, Spinal; Cord Transections, Spinal; Cord Trauma, Spinal; Cord Traumas, Spinal; Injury, Spinal Cord; Laceration, Spinal Cord; Lacerations, Spinal Cord; Myelopathies, Post-Traumatic; Myelopathies, Traumatic; Myelopathy, Post-Traumatic; Post Traumatic Myelopathy; Post-Traumatic Myelopathies; Spinal Cord Contusions; Spinal Cord Lacerations; Spinal Cord Transections; Spinal Cord Traumas; Transection, Spinal Cord; Transections, Spinal Cord; Trauma, Spinal Cord; Traumas, Spinal Cord; Traumatic Myelopathies; Traumatic Myelopathy; Myelopathy, Traumatic

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Pain (Aches)
2.	Wounds and Injuries (Trauma)
3.	Multiple Sclerosis
4.	Erectile Dysfunction
5.	Spinal Cord Injuries (Spinal Cord Injury)

Experts

1.	Genovese, Tiziana: 21 articles (09/2008 - 10/2004)
2.	Cuzzocrea, Salvatore: 21 articles (09/2008 - 10/2004)
3.	Bramanti, Placido: 19 articles (09/2008 - 02/2005)
4.	Mazzon, Emanuela: 18 articles (09/2008 - 02/2005)
5.	Hulsebosch, Claire E: 15 articles (10/2008 - 01/2002)
6.	Di Paola, Rosanna: 15 articles (09/2008 - 10/2004)
7.	Muià, Carmelo: 14 articles (08/2008 - 02/2005)
8.	Esposito, Emanuela: 13 articles (09/2008 - 07/2006)
9.	Spungen, Ann M: 10 articles (10/2008 - 01/2004)
10.	Bauman, William A: 10 articles (10/2008 - 01/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Spinal Cord Injuries:

1.	MethylprednisoloneFDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1994 - "The National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study II concluded in 1990 that high-dose methylprednisolone (MP) improved neurologic recovery after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). " 11/01/1985 - "A multi-center double-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted by the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study Group to examine the efficacy of high-dose methylprednisolone (1000-mg bolus and 1000 mg daily thereafter for 10 days) compared with that of a standard dose (100-mg bolus and 100 mg daily for 10 days). " 01/06/1984 - "A multicenter double-blind randomized trial was conducted to examine the efficacy of a high dose of methylprednisolone (1,000-mg bolus and daily thereafter for ten days) compared with a standard dose (100-mg bolus and daily thereafter for ten days) in 330 patients with acute spinal cord injury. " 01/01/2000 - "BACKGROUND: High-dose intravenously administered methylprednisolone has been shown to improve outcome after spinal cord injury. " 07/01/1999 - "Clinically, high-dose treatment with the glucocorticosteroid, methylprednisolone (MP), within 8 h after spinal cord injury, has been shown to improve neurological recovery. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	BaclofenFDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1987 - "Oral baclofen may be effective in patients with spasticity due to spinal cord injury or disease." 08/01/2002 - "This study demonstrates that chronic intrathecal baclofen infusion is a safe and effective form of treatment of intractable spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. " 06/01/1993 - "DATA SYNTHESIS: Thus far, intrathecal baclofen administration shows promise in the treatment of spasticity resulting from spinal cord trauma. " 06/01/1993 - "DATA EXTRACTION: Studies were selected for review if they evaluated intrathecal baclofen in patients with spinal cord injury. " 11/01/2009 - "Brainstem reflexes are enhanced following severe spinal cord injury and reduced by continuous intrathecal baclofen." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Naloxone (Narcan)FDA LinkGeneric 10/02/1991 - "These results indicate that TRH but not naloxone treatment starting 24 h and as late as 7 days after injury is effective in rats with the severest neurologic impairment following spinal cord injury. " 04/01/1985 - "Naloxone may be useful for the treatment of spinal cord injury although its mechanism of action remains unknown." 08/01/1981 - "The authors conclude that naloxone may be useful for the treatment of spinal cord injury. " 01/01/1986 - "Naloxone improved both spinal cord perfusion and neurological function following traumatic spinal cord injury in cats, and was subsequently observed to improve neurological outcome following ischemic spinal cord injury in rabbits. " 01/01/1985 - "Recently naloxone has been found to improve neurologic function following spinal cord injury, and its effectiveness has not been challenged to date. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	sildenafil (Viagra)FDA Link 12/01/2001 - "RESULTS: It was reported by 88.2% of the patients and 85.3% of their partners that treatment with sildenafil had improved their erections, regardless of the baseline characteristics of the spinal cord injury and erectile function. " 05/01/2006 - "STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, open-label, comparative study, to assess the effects of sildenafil on blood pressure in a population of patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). " 06/01/1999 - "diabetes or spinal cord injury), psychogenic or mixed origin received sildenafil 5 to 100mg or placebo in fixed- or titrated-dose trials. " 07/01/2005 - "Administration of sildenafil citrate had no effect on heart rate or blood pressure during penile vibratory stimulation in men with spinal cord injury." 03/01/2005 - "Sildenafil has additional efficacy data in the management of ERD associated with spinal cord injury and antidepressant medications. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	tirilazadIBA 12/01/1995 - "Tirilazad and related compounds have been found to be highly beneficial in spinal cord trauma. " 06/01/1993 - "One of these, tirilazad mesylate (U-74006F), has been shown to be quite effective in animal models of brain and spinal cord injury and is the subject of phase III clinical trials. " 05/01/1992 - "One of these, tirilazad mesylate (U-74006F), has been shown to be effective in animal models of brain and spinal cord injury and is currently the subject of phase II clinical trials. " 03/01/1992 - "Efficacy of the 21-aminosteroid U74006F in improving neurological recovery after spinal cord injury in rats." 01/01/1991 - "These results suggest that after weight-induced spinal cord trauma, U74006F is associated with improved neurologic function in moderately injured, but not severely injured animals." Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	4-Aminopyridine (4 Aminopyridine)IBA 03/01/1997 - "The sensitivity of injured axons to 1 microM 4-aminopyridine is consistent with the hypothesis that some beneficial effects of the drug seen in patients with spinal cord injury are related to improved conduction in myelinated axons, since cerebrospinal fluid levels of 4-aminopyridine should approach this concentration following clinical systemic doses, although it remains likely that synaptic effects also play a role. " 05/01/1997 - "STUDY OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) might cause clinically evident improvement in pulmonary function in humans with chronic spinal cord injury (chronic SCI). " 06/01/1999 - "Safety and efficacy of 4-aminopyridine in humans with spinal cord injury: a long-term, controlled trial." 08/01/2001 - "OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) on functional status, walking speed and vibration perception in patients with chronic, incomplete spinal cord injury. " 12/01/2004 - "Effect of 4-aminopyridine on gait in ambulatory spinal cord injuries: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial." Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Clonidine (ST 155)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2003 - "Clonidine, a noradrenergic agonist has been associated with improved walking in both spinal cat and spinal cord injured (SCI) subjects.OBJECTIVES: The objective of this brief review is to compare the effects of clonidine on walking capabilities in SCI subjects with functionally complete and incomplete spinal cord injuries. " 09/01/1992 - "Clonidine Transdermal Patch appears to be an effective treatment for spasticity after a spinal cord injury. " 04/01/2003 - "Treadmill training and clonidine, an alpha-2 noradrenergic agonist, have been shown to improve locomotion after spinal cord injury. " 01/01/1988 - "Evidence from studies in both animals and in tetraplegics with complete cervical spinal cord transection and preganglionic lesion, indicates that clonidine lowers blood pressure predominantly by a centrally mediated action. " 05/01/2007 - "Intrathecal clonidine has been tested in spinal cord injury patients not supporting or resistant to anticholinergic drugs. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	N-Methylaspartate (NMDA)IBA 12/01/2008 - "In this study, we aimed to see the effect of EPO treatment after spinal cord injury on the oxidant and anti-oxidant enzyme systems and the relationship with the N-methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) blockage. " 09/25/2003 - "N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit expression and phosphorylation following excitotoxic spinal cord injury in rats." 07/01/2000 - "Changes in NMDA receptor subunit expression in response to contusive spinal cord injury." 01/01/2000 - "It appears that, according to the existing evidence, NMDA antagonists are an essential component in the elaboration of a neuroprotective strategy after spinal cord trauma." 07/01/1999 - "Apoptosis following spinal cord injury in rats and preventative effect of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist." Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	gabapentin (Neurontin)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1997 - "The data obtained suggest that gabapentin may be useful in the management of spasticity associated with spinal cord injury." 03/01/2002 - "DESIGN: All patients with traumatic-onset spinal cord injury treated with gabapentin were identified and followed up using a longitudinal observational design with two contact points (6 and 36 months after the trial) using a semi-structured interview. " 10/01/1997 - "As some patients with spasticity are either refractory to or intolerant of established medical treatments, we conducted this study to investigate the effect of gabapentin on spasticity in patients with spinal cord injury. " 03/01/1997 - "The purpose of this investigation was to study the effectiveness of gabapentin in controlling spasticity in persons with spinal cord injury (SCI) using a surface EMG-based quantitative assessment technique called the brain motor control assessment (BMCA). " 10/01/1997 - "Twenty-five patients with spinal cord injury and spasticity received oral gabapentin (2400 mg over 48 h) in a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled crossover study. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (Tumor Necrosis Factor)IBA 01/01/2008 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate in vivo the therapeutic efficacy of genetic inhibition of TNF-alpha using TNF-R1 knockout mice in an experimental model of spinal cord trauma. " 05/01/2001 - "These findings suggested that MPS reduces the severity of SCI, not by inhibiting the production of TNF-alpha at the site of spinal cord trauma, but by inhibiting activated leukocyte induced lipid peroxidation of the endothelial cell membrane. " 06/20/2008 - "Recent studies have demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is one of the most important mediators in spinal cord injury (SCI). " 10/29/2008 - "Cell death after spinal cord injury is exacerbated by rapid TNF alpha-induced trafficking of GluR2-lacking AMPARs to the plasma membrane." 09/01/2008 - "TNF-alpha seems to play a central role in the inflammatory process of spinal cord injury. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 11/15/2009 - "OBJECTIVE: Cellular transplantation is a promising treatment strategy for spinal cord injury (SCI); however, most cells need to be cultured before transplantation introducing burdensome steps for clinical application. " 04/01/2006 - "We repeated a study reporting that delayed transplantation of olfactory lamina propria (OLP) into the site of a complete spinal cord transection led to significant improvement in hindlimb motor function and induced axon regeneration. " 06/12/2009 - "However, Schwann cell (SC) transplantation also results in significant functional improvement in animal models of spinal cord injury. " 01/01/2005 - "Transplantation of BMSC-SCs is a potentially useful treatment for spinal cord injury." 06/01/2007 - "OBJECTIVE: To study the transplantation efficacy of neural stem cells (NSCs) and Schwann cells (SC) in a rat model of spinal cord contusion injury. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Transplants (Transplant) 11/16/2005 - "Olfactory bulb-derived (central) ensheathing cell (OB OEC) transplants have shown significant promise in rat models of spinal cord injury, prompting the use of lamina propria-derived (peripheral) olfactory ensheathing cells (LP OECs) in both experimental and clinical trials. " 01/01/2000 - "Emerging data suggest that current strategies for the treatment of spinal cord injury might be improved or augmented by spinal cord grafts of neural cells, and it is possible that grafted neurons might have therapeutic potential. " 04/01/2004 - "In this review we consider recovery of function after spinal cord injury, and, in particular, recovery improved following intraspinal cellular transplants. " 10/01/2002 - "The results show four principal findings: (1) Only the combination of peripheral nerve grafts and aFGF treatment improved hindlimb locomotor function after spinal cord transection. " 07/01/2008 - "[Experimental study of peripheral nerve grafts for repairing of chronic spinal cord injury in adult rats]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Laminectomy 07/01/2007 - "CONCLUSIONS: Spinal cord injury secondary to congenital vertebral anomaly may have a good outcome when treated by vertebral stabilization with or without laminectomy. " 02/01/2005 - "The aim of our study was to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of in vivo inhibition of PARP in an experimental model of spinal cord trauma, which was induced by the application of vascular clips (force of 24g) to the dura via a four-level T5-T8 laminectomy. " 03/01/2008 - "Because studies have shown that 17beta-estradiol (E2) produces anti-inflammatory effects after various adverse circulatory conditions, we examined whether administration of E2 before spinal cord injury (SCI) has any salutary effects in reducing SCI. Spinal cord injury was induced by the application of vascular clips (force of 24 g) to the dura via a four-level T5-T8 laminectomy. " 01/30/2008 - "The dogs underwent 3T MR imaging at 3 days and 1 year after SCI. Histopathologic examinations were conducted at 2 weeks, 12 weeks and 1 year after SCI. In the present study, we described an animal model of minimally invasive spinal cord injury using a balloon catheter without laminectomy under fluoroscopic guidance. " 01/30/2006 - "In the present study, we evaluated the effect of age, in a model of spinal cord injury that was induced by the application of vascular clips to the dura via a four-level T5-T8 laminectomy. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Rhizotomy 11/01/1994 - "Neuromuscular activity was eliminated in the tibialis anterior muscle of adult cats for 6 months by spinal isolation (SI), i.e., complete spinal cord transections at T-12-13 and at L-7-S-1, plus bilateral dorsal rhizotomy between the two transection sites. " 07/01/1998 - "Sacral ventral root stimulation in conjunction with sacral dorsal rhizotomy has been effective in promoting voiding in individuals with upper-motor-neuron spinal cord injury. " 01/01/1991 - "Results suggest that (1) stimulation of the dorsal columns or ventral funiculus of the LE is effective in inducing airstepping in the neonatal rat brain stem-spinal cord limb-attached preparation; (2) central disconnection by midthoracic spinal cord transection does not alter LE-stimulation-induced airstepping and may lead to an increase in stepping frequency if suprathreshold stimulation is used; and (3) dorsal root section also leads to an increase in the frequency of suprathreshold LE-stimulation-induced locomotion, but there is not further increase in frequency if a spinal cord transection is performed in addition to dorsal rhizotomy." 04/01/1994 - "Intradural rhizotomies of all posterior sacral root components from S2 to S5 in combination with implantation of an anterior sacral root stimulator is a safe and effective procedure in spinal cord injury patients." 03/01/2001 - "[Experimental study on combining selective rhizotomy of different anterior and posterior sacral roots for restoration of bladder function after spinal cord injury]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Surgical Decompression 01/01/2005 - "Efficacy of surgical decompression in the setting of complete thoracic spinal cord injury." 12/01/1997 - "Although surgical decompression is often advocated for acute spinal cord injury, the timing and efficacy of early treatment have not been clinically proven. " 01/01/2009 - "The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy of early (before 24 hours) verse late (24-72 hours) surgical decompression in terms of neurological improvement in the setting of traumatic thoracolumbar spinal cord injury in a randomized format by independent, trained and blinded examiners. " 01/01/2009 - "The efficacy of surgical decompression before 24 hours versus 24 to 72 hours in patients with spinal cord injury from T1 to L1--with specific consideration on ethics: a randomized controlled trial." 09/01/2008 - "The goal of this study is to investigate the neurological recovery and its influencing factors in thoracolumbar spine fractures after surgical decompression and stabilization within 8 h of spinal cord injury versus surgery which is performed between 3 and 15 days. " Order ALL the reference details at left...