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Sclerosis

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A pathological process consisting of hardening or fibrosis of an anatomical structure, often a vessel or a nerve.

Also Known As:

Scleroses

Networked: 3151 relevant articles (135 outcomes, 240 trials/studies) for this Disease, Comments

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Signs and Symptoms Pathological Conditions
- Pathologic Processes: 2476
  - Sclerosis: 3151

Related Diseases

1.	Proteinuria
2.	Hemorrhage
3.	Systemic Scleroderma (Systemic Sclerosis)
4.	Hodgkin Disease (Hodgkin's Disease)
5.	Lymphocele

Experts

1.	Fogo, Agnes B: 10 articles (04/2010 - 06/2002)
2.	Yamamoto, Toshiyuki: 10 articles (02/2007 - 01/2002)
3.	Sato, Shinichi: 9 articles (01/2008 - 06/2002)
4.	Nishioka, Kiyoshi: 8 articles (02/2007 - 01/2002)
5.	Takehara, Kazuhiko: 7 articles (01/2010 - 06/2002)
6.	Hasegawa, Minoru: 7 articles (01/2010 - 06/2002)
7.	Ma, Li-Jun: 7 articles (11/2009 - 06/2002)
8.	Orloff, S L: 6 articles (02/2008 - 04/2000)
9.	Thom, M: 6 articles (02/2006 - 01/2001)
10.	Fujimoto, Manabu: 5 articles (01/2010 - 06/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Sclerosis:

1.	CreatinineIBA 08/01/1990 - "The patients had severe disease; there was a high degree of glomerular sclerosis; the median serum creatinine was 137 mumol/l, the diastolic blood pressure 101 mm Hg. Reported previously was a short-term improvement in renal function, blood pressure, and renal histology. " 10/01/2009 - "RESULTS: EX, EX+OLS, EX+AZN, and EX+OLS+AZN showed decreases in the serum creatinine (Scr), an index of glomerular sclerosis (IGS), the relative interstitial volume of the renal cortex (RIV), the number of ED-1 (monoclonal antibody) positive cells (ED1(+)) and the glomerular expression score of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA(+)). " 05/01/2009 - "Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the level of serum creatinine and global sclerosis (r= 2.21, P= 0.04), and a negative correlation between the level of GFR and global sclerosis(r= 2.01, P= 0.02). " 01/01/2008 - "The percentage of global sclerosis determined by renal biopsy and the amount of serum creatinine at the renal biopsy were key factors in determining the renal prognosis. " 01/01/2008 - "We found an optimum predictor set of five baseline variables: the percentage of glomeruli with global sclerosis, the fractional interstitial area, the serum creatinine, the average tuft volume of non-sclerotic glomeruli and the renal plasma flow. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Urea (Carbamide)FDA LinkGeneric 09/26/1955 - "[Combined urea, protein, and plant therapy of ascites and edema in chronic circulatory failure complicated by sclerosis of the liver.]" 09/01/2007 - "Compared with group II, CrPic treatment also lowered free fatty acid levels by 24% (P < .001), blood urea by 33% (P < .05), and creatinine level by 25% (P < .01), and reduced the severity of glomerular sclerosis (P < .0001). " 09/01/1990 - "In 6 wk, young rats developed more pronounced glomerular sclerosis and more marked elevation in blood urea nitrogen. " 12/01/1985 - "Sclerosis with quinine-urea is indicated in this situation. " 03/01/1999 - "Here we examined the effects of carbamylated proteins on glomerular mesangial cells to determine whether urea retention in early renal insufficiency may itself promote glomerular sclerosis and hasten the progression to kidney failure. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2001 - "Adriamycin plus CD4(+) depletion mice had significantly greater mesangial expansion, glomerular sclerosis, and interstitial expansion than the mice on adriamycin alone. " 06/01/1990 - "The study also suggested that LED produces less venous sclerosis than free doxorubicin, but this requires further clinical verification." 10/01/2007 - "First, the FSGS model was induced in Balb/c mice by a single injection of adriamycin, and consecutive sclerosis changes were evaluated. " 10/01/2003 - "MR1 treatment resulted in a significant attenuation of the severity of adriamycin nephropathy at day 42 [e.g., glomerular sclerosis (%), group 3, 20.1 +/- 4.7 vs. group 2, 30.2 +/- 7.2, P < 0.001]. " 10/01/2000 - "BACKGROUND: As an experimental analogue of human focal glomerular sclerosis (FGS), adriamycin (ADR)-induced nephropathy is well-characterized in rats. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGF-beta)IBA 07/01/2008 - "Glomerular sclerosis of diverse etiologies is characterized by mesangial matrix accumulation, with transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) an important pathogenic factor. " 06/01/2008 - "Moreover, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is the main cytokine in the development of tissue sclerosis. " 01/01/2001 - "The growth factor TGF-beta has emerged as a key participant in the cascade of events which leads to kidney sclerosis. " 11/01/1999 - "BACKGROUND: Although the pathogenic relevance of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) to glomerular sclerosis has been established, the intracellular mechanisms by which TGF-beta induces extracellular matrix accumulation are not fully understood. " 08/01/1998 - "TGF-beta, but not PDGF, also changed the quality of the de novo synthesized FN, and thus has a different role in the development of sclerosis." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)IBA 11/01/1997 - "CONCLUSIONS: Ethanol sclerosis is a well-tolerated, safe, and effective adjunct to the management of VMs. " 12/01/2009 - "Minimally invasive options such as percutaneous aspiration with or without ethanol sclerosis have had disappointing results. " 07/01/2009 - "We report the first known case of ACD successfully treated with percutaneous image-guided ethanol sclerosis. " 01/01/2009 - "Venograms were obtained during the first procedure before and after injection of absolute ethanol (0.5-2.5 mL) to confirm the site of the nidus and assess the effect of sclerosis of the nidus and draining veins. " 05/01/2005 - "Each location was treated eight times at 50 mA for 10 sec. Then chemical ablation of the gallbladder was performed by infusing 95% ethanol into the gallbladder cavity for 30 min. For each sclerosis course, the procedure was repeated every 4 h for a total of eight times. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Tetracycline (Achromycin)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1991 - "This resulted in excellent palliation in patients with terminal disease and improvement in the clinical status of other patients so that additional therapies, such as sclerosis with tetracycline or surgical placement of a pericardial window, could be performed on an elective basis." 04/01/2008 - "There was no decrease in the drainage so we decided to perform pericardial sclerosis by intrapericardial tetracycline instillation. " 04/01/1999 - "This was successfully treated by an injection of tetracycline to induce sclerosis." 06/01/1995 - "Tetracycline sclerosis." 05/01/1993 - "Its safety profile and efficacy compare favorably with those of tetracycline and other agents used for pleural sclerosis." Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Penicillamine (Cuprimine)FDA Link 01/01/1999 - "A partial remission of the skin sclerosis was instead obtained by the administration of D-penicillamine. " 01/01/1990 - "Its action is favorable in sclerosis and in deep infiltration foci, when traditional therapy, including cuprenil, are of poor efficacy. " 05/01/2008 - "BACKGROUND: Several uncontrolled studies in systemic sclerosis have shown that D-penicillamine may cause improvement in skin sclerosis, decrease the rate of new visceral organ involvement, and improve overall survival. " 05/01/2008 - "METHODS: Eighty-four patients with diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis who had received D-penicillamine within 24 months of clinically detectable onset of skin sclerosis were randomly selected from the systemic sclerosis cohort followed at the Scleroderma Center of Thomas Jefferson University. " 06/01/1992 - "Treatment with penicillamine may ameliorate the sclerosis of the morphea but does not stop new lesions from appearing." Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	polidocanol (Laureth)IBA 11/01/2003 - "RESULTS: Sclerosis therapy with polidocanol microfoam was judged beneficial in 46 (92%) of the 50 patients. " 09/01/2002 - "CONCLUSIONS: Sonographically guided percutaneous injection of 1% polidocanol for sclerosis of peripheral vascular lesions is simple, effective, and safe. " 05/01/2003 - "The procedures were performed on a out-patient basis with ultrasound assistance and using 3% Polidocanol for sclerosis. " 06/01/1994 - "[Treatment of hydrocele with evacuation and percutaneous sclerosis with polidocanol]" 09/01/2002 - "PURPOSE: The aim of this prospective study was to assess the safety and efficacy of sonographically guided percutaneous injection of 1% polidocanol for sclerosis of peripheral vascular malformations. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Povidone-Iodine (Betadine)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1999 - "Drainage and povidone-iodine sclerosis resolved this condition. " 05/01/1992 - "Initially, treatment was by percutaneous punction-aspiration and povidone-iodine sclerosis. " 06/01/1998 - "Percutaneous catheter drainage in combination with sclerosis with povidone-iodine has proved to be highly effective in obliterating pelvic lymphoceles but has not been reported in patients who have undergone vascular surgery in the neck. " 01/01/1988 - "Povidone-iodine sclerosis is often effective in preventing reaccumulation of fluid once the lymphocele cavity is collapsed." 09/01/1999 - "The lymphocele was successfully treated with repeated drainage and sclerosis with povidone iodine. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	PPAR gammaIBA 12/01/2005 - "These renal protective effects of PPAR-gamma agonists suggest that they may provide a novel intervention strategy to prevent vascular and glomerular sclerosis." 09/01/2009 - "Specific agonists of PPARgamma may therefore alleviate the extent of the development of cutaneous sclerosis." 05/01/2006 - "Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist is protective in podocyte injury-associated sclerosis." 01/01/2006 - "These results show that 15-d PGJ(2) and PGDS-expressing cells can prevent experimental skin sclerosis induced by BLM and raise the possibility of therapeutic approaches targeting of PPARgamma for the skin lesion of scleroderma." 05/01/2001 - "Macrophages show phenotypic diversity in glomerular versus vascular sclerosis, with macrophage PPAR gamma expression in only the latter. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 02/01/2001 - "INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: In patients with PMLBCL with sclerosis, combined modality treatment using the MACOP-B chemotherapy regimen and radiation therapy induces a good remission rate with the patients having a greater than 90% chance of surviving disease-free at 9 years. " 06/01/1994 - "Factors that predicted shorter remission duration in a multivariate analysis were nodular sclerosis histology, bulky disease, and receipt of less than 85% of planned chemotherapy. " 12/01/2004 - "Other reports, however, have indicated significant toxicity related to HAIP chemotherapy in the form of biliary sclerosis. " 07/01/2003 - "Following a good response to chemotherapy, partial resolution of the sclerosis occurred. " 02/01/2001 - "DESIGN AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 1998, 89 previously untreated patients with PMLBCL with sclerosis were treated with a combination of a third-generation chemotherapy regimen (MACOP-B) and mediastinal radiation therapy. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Radiotherapy 02/01/2007 - "Clinicopathologic findings in mesial temporal sclerosis treated with gamma knife radiotherapy." 12/01/1997 - "We report a patient with clinical stage IIA nodular sclerosis HD, originally treated with radiotherapy alone, who relapsed 24 years after the initial diagnosis. " 12/01/1997 - "In patient with cervical sclerosis after radiotherapy; the use of LMA should be avoided." 01/01/1994 - "Surgery was required and gave better results than radiotherapy, which left sites of sclerosis. " 01/01/1985 - "Under radiotherapy, the degree of stroma sclerosis and nuclear changes was even more evident. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Bone Marrow Transplantation (Transplantation, Bone Marrow) 01/01/1995 - "The osteopetrotic (op) mutation in mice is characterized by general skeletal sclerosis; reduced numbers of osteoclasts, macrophages, and monocytes; and failure to be cured by bone marrow transplantation. " 09/01/2006 - "Prevention of mesangial sclerosis by bone marrow transplantation." 02/01/2006 - "Bone marrow transplantation can attenuate the progression of mesangial sclerosis." 12/01/2001 - "X-ray confirmed attenuation of the bone sclerosis; therefore, bone marrow transplantation (BMT) was not implemented. " 02/01/1989 - "Bone marrow transplantation, originally shown to reverse the skeletal sclerosis in some animal mutations, has been effective in curing osteopetrosis in some children. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Transplants (Transplant) 05/01/2000 - "RESULTS: The prevalence of glomeruli with adhesions and/or cellular crescents in primary IgAN was significantly greater than in post-transplant IgAN (P<0.05), but the proportion of glomeruli with segmental sclerosis was similar in both groups. " 12/01/2009 - "The SD to Wistar rat transplant kidney-sclerosis accelerated model was constructed and transfected with the plasmid based on hydromechanics. " 11/01/2009 - "The donor was a six-yr-old boy who had received a cardiac transplant at the age of three months and had been treated with CNIs for over five yr. Renal biopsy performed before the transplant revealed focal sclerosis in 30-40% of the donor's glomeruli. " 03/01/2009 - "New strategies are being devised to limit the impact of renal sclerosis on graft function. " 06/01/2008 - "When the ossicular chain is affected by the sclerosis, sound conduction can often be restored only by interposition of grafts. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Sclerotherapy 01/01/1991 - "Controlled trials comparing the DSRS to endoscopic sclerotherapy have shown that chronic endoscopic variceal sclerosis is an appropriate initial therapy for most patients as long as shunt surgery is readily available if sclerotherapy fails." 10/01/2001 - "CONCLUSIONS: Antegrade sclerotherapy is an intermediate treatment because of its invasive nature and success rate compared with more commonly used percutaneous retrograde sclerosis and Palomo procedures in adolescents. " 11/01/1996 - "One patient has been reported who did well for 20 years with sclerosis of the hemorrhoidal vein at surgery followed by intermittent transrectal sclerotherapy (7,8). " 05/01/1995 - "Echosclerotherapy is a good help for traditional sclerotherapy, especially when it is applied in the sclerosis of the short saphenous veins, of perforating veins or in unfavourable anatomical situations. " 11/01/1992 - "We conclude that sclerotherapy with transendoscopic balloon seems to be more simple, safer, and required short time to produce successful variceal sclerosis." Order ALL the reference details at left...

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