Schizophrenia (Dementia Praecox)

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16494 relevant articles (1311 outcomes, 3847 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: A severe emotional disorder of psychotic depth characteristically marked by a retreat from reality with delusion formation, hallucinations, emotional disharmony, and regressive behavior.

Also Known As:

Dementia Praecox; Disorder, Schizophrenic; Disorders, Schizophrenic; Schizophrenias; Schizophrenic Disorder; Schizophrenic Disorders

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Mental Disorders: 1709

Schizophrenia and Disorders with Psychotic Features

Schizophrenia: 16494

Paranoid Schizophrenia: 300

Catatonic Schizophrenia: 47

Disorganized Schizophrenia: 6

Shared Paranoid Disorder: 2

Related Diseases

1.	Psychotic Disorders (Schizoaffective Disorder)
2.	Bipolar Disorder (Mania)
3.	Syndrome
4.	Weight Gain
5.	Dyskinesias (Dyskinesia)

Experts

1.	He, Lin: 49 articles (08/2008 - 05/2002)
2.	Weizman, Abraham: 44 articles (08/2008 - 06/2002)
3.	Kane, John M: 30 articles (08/2008 - 01/2002)
4.	Goff, Donald C: 30 articles (08/2008 - 04/2002)
5.	Lieberman, Jeffrey A: 28 articles (10/2008 - 02/2002)
6.	Meltzer, Herbert Y: 28 articles (10/2008 - 08/2002)
7.	Kennedy, James L: 26 articles (10/2008 - 05/2003)
8.	Ozaki, Norio: 24 articles (10/2008 - 01/2002)
9.	Weinberger, Daniel R: 24 articles (08/2008 - 10/2002)
10.	Citrome, Leslie: 24 articles (08/2008 - 02/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Schizophrenia:

1.	Antipsychotic Agents (Antipsychotics)IBA 10/01/2008 - "BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic drugs are the most effective treatment for the psychotic symptoms of schizophrenia, yet their mechanism of action remains largely unknown" 01/01/2008 - "Both the new generation of antipsychotics and the more traditional antipsychotic drugs produce an important and meaningful improvement in patients with schizophrenia, but most patients are neither cured nor free of symptoms" 10/15/2007 - "It is important to consider the interactions between nicotinic and antipsychotic drugs to develop the most efficacious treatment for cognitive improvement in people with schizophrenia." 03/01/2006 - "Although antipsychotic drugs are therapeutically effective in attenuating the hallmark symptoms of schizophrenia, these improvements do not return most patients to normative standards of cognitive function" 01/01/2004 - "The most appropriate clinical approach to maximize QoL and subjective wellbeing for patients with schizophrenia is to use atypical antipsychotic drugs as a first-line treatment approach" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Clozapine (Clozaril)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2007 - "The study of anatomic and functional brain variables associated with clozapine response in schizophrenia may help to identify patients who are most likely to benefit from clozapine treatment" 01/01/1992 - "Clinical studies have shown clozapine to be effective in the treatment of schizophrenia and associated with an extremely low incidence of extrapiramidal side effects" 11/01/1990 - "Clinical studies have shown clozapine to be effective in suppressing both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and to be associated with an extremely low incidence of extrapyramidal side effects" 09/01/2007 - "It then discusses the definition and treatment of treatment-resistant schizophrenia, with particular attention to clinical, biological and neuroimaging correlates, as well as the best treatment options, including the use of clozapine in patients who meet the definition of treatment-resistant schizophrenia." 02/01/2007 - "The association between COMT val108/158met genotype, cognitive function, and cognitive improvement with clozapine was investigated in a relatively large prospective sample of patients with schizophrenia, most of whom were unmedicated at baseline" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Risperidone (Risperdal Consta)FDA Link 06/01/2004 - "Most patients considered the treatment at least "acceptable" during the study, and mean change at study end corresponded to between "acceptable" and "quite acceptable." After 1 year of risperidone treatment in a naturalistic setting reflecting usual UK clinical practice, patients with chronic schizophrenia showed improvement in symptoms and reduction in disease severity, and only 10 of 79 had relapse; 48.1% of patients were considered to be sustained treatment successes, 36.7% as treatment failures, and 15.2% as not "evaluable." Fifty-one percent of patients were considered to be study successes and 49% as study failures." 08/01/2001 - "Most male (77%) and female (78%) participants were considered to be PANSS responders: risperidone was effective against both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia" 10/01/2005 - "Risperidone therapy at the earliest possible stage shows optimal improvement in schizophrenia." 06/01/2000 - "Risperidone is a benzisoxazole derivative which has proven efficacy against the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia" 06/01/1998 - "Risperidone has proven efficacy with reduced likelihood of causing extrapyramidal symptoms in the treatment of schizophrenia" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	olanzapine (Zyprexa)FDA Link 02/01/2008 - "There are conflicting data concerning the potential utility of olanzapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia at doses beyond the 10- to 20-mg/day range that has proven to be effective for most nonrefractory patients with schizophrenia" 01/01/2001 - "Olanzapine, a thienobenzodiazepine derivative, is a second generation (atypical) antipsychotic agent which has proven efficacy against the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia" 09/15/2005 - "RESULTS: The principle finding of this study is that GRM3 polymorphisms were collectively significant predictors of negative symptom improvement in persons with schizophrenia treated with the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine" 05/01/2004 - "AIM: The purpose of the study was to assess the efficacy of high doses of olanzapine for treatment of the patient suffering from schizophrenia with predominance of positive symptoms" 10/01/2003 - "The olanzapine-treated patients showed significant improvement in both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia by the end of the study" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Haloperidol (Haldol)FDA LinkGeneric 11/05/1997 - "It is as effective as haloperidol against the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, and more effective against negative symptoms, with significantly fewer extrapyramidal side-effects" 07/04/2006 - "Haloperidol is a prototype of typical APDs, and the other three drugs are atypical APDs, which are effective in reducing negative symptoms and cognitive deficits of schizophrenia, cause less side effects, and are more tolerable compared to haloperidol" 08/01/2002 - "Extract of Ginkgo biloba added to haloperidol was effective for positive symptoms in refractory schizophrenia." 12/01/2003 - "haloperidol for reducing the symptoms of acute schizophrenia during the first 24 hours of treatment, the efficacy of both being evident within 2 hours after the first injection" 12/01/1999 - "CONCLUSIONS: EGb may enhance the efficacy of classic antipsychotic haloperidol on schizophrenia, especially on positive symptoms" Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	quetiapine (Seroquel)FDA Link 04/01/1999 - "From these results, quetiapine fumarate was suggested to be highly effective and safe for the treatment of schizophrenia." 10/01/2001 - "Quetiapine is a novel atypical antipsychotic with proven efficacy in schizophrenia across all domains" 03/01/2007 - "Rapid initiation of quetiapine was generally well-tolerated and was associated with a faster onset of action than conventional initiation as measured by improvement in psychotic symptoms at days 4 and 5. CONCLUSION: This study may offer preliminary evidence for tolerability and effectiveness in rapid dose initiation of quetiapine in the treatment of schizophrenia." 01/01/2000 - "The reduction of positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia and lack of significant EPS and minimal sedative, hypotensive, and anticholinergic side effects indicate that quetiapine may be a safe and effective medication for the elderly." 10/09/1998 - "These results suggest that quetiapine produces a significant improvement in attentional functioning in patients with schizophrenia." Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Dopamine (Intropin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1977 - "Several different classes of drugs effective in the treatment of schizophrenia were potent inhibitors of the stimulation by dopamine of the enzyme from these various regions" 12/21/1999 - "The major findings of this study are: 1. biopsies from patients with schizophrenia showed a significantly reduced ability to attach to the culture slide: 29.9% of patient biopsies attached compared to 73.5% of control biopsies; 2. biopsies from patients with schizophrenia had a significantly greater proportion of cells undergoing mitosis: 0.69% in the patients compared to 0.29% in the controls; and 3. dopamine (10 microM) significantly increased the proportion of apoptotic cells in the control cultures but significantly decreased the proportion in patients' cultures." 10/04/2002 - "The development of new dopamine D(3) receptor selective antagonists is premised on the potentially improved therapeutic treatment of psychosis like schizophrenia" 01/01/1988 - "Future studies in which attempts are made at using both plasma and CSF HVA to enhance neurochemical and clinical correlates may help to advance our understanding of the contributions of specific CNS dopamine systems to schizophrenia." 11/15/2007 - "Actively harnessing this same process by repeated, intermittent D1 agonist administration may be the key to improved working memory and decision making in addiction and other dopamine dysfunctional states, such as schizophrenia." Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	aripiprazole (Abilify)FDA Link 05/01/2004 - "In multiple clinical trials, aripiprazole was effective in significantly reducing symptomatology associated with schizophrenia-related disorders compared with placebo (P < 0.05)" 06/01/2007 - "Aripiprazole has made a significant contribution to the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders with an improved safety and tolerability profile, which has been attributed to its unique pharmacological profile" 05/01/2007 - "CONCLUSIONS: Aripiprazole significantly improved the core symptoms of acute schizophrenia regardless of baseline agitation level" 04/26/2002 - "An interaction with 5-HT(1A) receptors may contribute to the overall efficacy of aripiprazole against symptoms of schizophrenia, including anxiety, depression, cognitive and negative symptoms, and to its favorable side-effect profile" 01/01/2004 - "Clinical trials indicate that aripiprazole is effective in treating the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia" Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	sultopride (amisulpride)IBA 01/01/2002 - "Amisulpride is clinically effective on the negative symptoms of acute schizophrenia exacerbations at low dosages (50-300 mg/day), and also on the positive symptoms of the disease at high dosages (400-800 mg/day)" 09/01/1986 - "These results also suggest that sultopride would have good therapeutic efficacy in schizophrenic disorders." 07/01/1998 - "In conclusion, 600-1 200 mg/d of amisulpride is an effective and well tolerated treatment of schizophrenic disorders, as demonstrated through this 3-month study carried in a large sample of 445 patients" 09/01/2008 - "INTRODUCTION: Amisulpride appears to be an effective atypical agent for treating schizophrenia in a dose-dependent manner" 04/01/2008 - "Amisulpride is an atypical antipsychotic agent effective in the treatment of schizophrenia" Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	ziprasidone (Geodon)FDA Link 11/01/2005 - "Ziprasidone is an atypical antipsychotic with a highly specific receptorbinding profile that has been shown to be effective for both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia" 05/01/2002 - "Efficacy data and most safety data for ziprasidone support its use as a first-line treatment for schizophrenia; however, its potential effects on ventricular repolarization relegate it to second-line status in patients with comorbid cardiovascular risks." 10/01/2007 - "CONCLUSION: This study suggests that ziprasidone may be beneficial for long-term treatment of schizophrenia patients in terms of severity of symptoms, and general functioning" 08/01/2006 - "IMPLICATIONS: This sample was selected because previous findings suggested that clinical and NP symptoms of schizophrenia significantly improved from baseline after a switch to ziprasidone treatment" 08/01/2007 - "IMPLICATIONS: After a switch from previous treatment to open-label ziprasidone more than half of patients with schizophrenia experienced sustained clinical remission over 6 months and 32% of the patients achieving remission experienced a concurrent NP improvement" Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 06/01/2003 - "Improved drug therapy for schizophrenia may represent the best strategy for reducing the costs of schizophrenia and the recurrent chronic course of the disease" 01/01/2007 - "Despite proven efficacy of maintenance pharmacotherapy in schizophrenia, indefinite neuroleptic treatment may not be optimal for all patients" 02/01/2000 - "Combination pharmacotherapy has proven effective in a number of psychiatric disorders, including depression and schizophrenia" 10/01/1994 - "Despite the proven efficacy of acute and maintenance pharmacotherapy in schizophrenia, practical methods for identifying patients who require continuous treatment to prevent relapse have not been established" 01/01/2008 - "It can be concluded that using PST for the treatment of schizophrenia, as an adjuvant to pharmacotherapy, could produce significant positive results." Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 10/01/2006 - "Patients with schizophrenia who manifest prominent negative symptoms and marked functional deficits demonstrated significant improvement in negative symptoms after treatment with OLZ or QUE" 09/01/2005 - "RESULTS: Patients with first-episode schizophrenia demonstrated impairments in emotion perception before treatment and no significant improvement after treatment" 09/01/2000 - "Differentiating primary from secondary negative symptoms in schizophrenia: a study of neuroleptic-naive patients before and after treatment." 06/01/1983 - "The study stresses the need for prospective controlled studies based on a systematised after-care programme for patients who show symptoms of both schizophrenia and affective illness in their first attack." 10/01/2008 - "OBJECTIVE: To examine different components of smooth pursuit performance in antipsychotic-naive patients with schizophrenia before and after treatment with second-generation antipsychotic medication" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Activities of Daily Living (ADL) 01/01/2001 - "The OCD patients improved significantly on many of the domains of social and independent living skills as a result of treatment and acquired significantly greater skills by post-treatment than did their counterparts with schizophrenia; however, the performance of social and independent living skills by OCD patients remained less than satisfactory even in domains where they improved" 11/15/1996 - "Persons with schizophrenia exhibit disabilities which profoundly affect their social and independent living skills, and social skills training is expected to be an effective treatment for reducing the level of severity of disabilities" 01/01/2003 - "These included the improvement in the illness over time; physical and daily living activity limitations; specific positive and negative changes that the women report have accompanied aging; the profound losses experienced by the participants when they were younger as a result of having schizophrenia; and how these losses have affected their present lives in terms of limiting available informal support, creating dependency on formal programs and services, and participants' fears of the future" 09/01/2008 - "Extending the number of subjects and the scope of our previously published study, this investigation examined the relationship between PM and socio-demographic and clinical factors, activities of daily living (ADL) and frontal lobe functions in patients with chronic schizophrenia" 03/01/2008 - "The objective of this study was to examine the sensitivity and specificity of a performance-based measure of functional capacity, the UCSD Performance-based Skills Assessment (UPSA), for the prediction of independent living status in patients with chronic schizophrenia-related conditions" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 08/01/1983 - "These results provide important experimental evidence of the lack of therapeutic efficacy of hemodialysis in schizophrenia." 03/24/1983 - "These results provide important experimental evidence of the lack of therapeutic efficacy of hemodialysis in schizophrenia." 05/01/1983 - "The HTP evaluations support the continued use of hemodialysis as an effective treatment for schizophrenia." 03/24/1983 - "The therapeutic efficacy of hemodialysis in schizophrenia." 05/16/1980 - "Is hemodialysis an effective treatment of schizophrenia?]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Therapeutics 06/01/2008 - "An improved understanding of the mechanisms by which altered function of NRG1 and ErbB4 contributes to schizophrenia might eventually lead to the development of more effective therapeutics." 08/01/2008 - "In preclinical studies, PPI is valuable for evaluating models or model organisms relevant to schizophrenia, "mapping" neural substrates of deficient PPI in schizophrenia, and advancing the discovery and development of novel therapeutics" 10/01/2008 - "Uncovering neural mechanisms involved in PPI will further our understanding of substrates of sensorimotor gating and could lead to better therapeutics to treat complex cognitive disorders such as schizophrenia." 05/01/2007 - "It is suggested that an impaired somatodendritic 5-HT-1A receptor dependent response is a major contributing factor in the pathophysiology of TD and a normalization of the somatodendritic response by drugs may help extending therapeutics in schizophrenia." 03/01/2007 - "Novel strategies to optimize the therapeutics of schizophrenia and maintain cognitive function via adjunctive cholinergic compounds and antipsychotic crossover approaches are also discussed." Order ALL the reference details at left...

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