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Saxitoxin

A compound that contains a reduced purine ring system but is not biosynthetically related to the purine alkaloids. It is a poison found in certain edible mollusks at certain times; elaborated by GONYAULAX and consumed by mollusks, fishes, etc. without ill effects. It is neurotoxic and causes RESPIRATORY PARALYSIS and other effects in MAMMALS, known as paralytic SHELLFISH poisoning.
Also Known As:
Mitilotoxin; Saxitonin; Toxin, Gonyaulax; Gonyaulax Toxin; 1H,10H-Pyrrolo(1,2-c)purine-10,10-diol, 2,6-diamino-4-(((aminocarbonyl)oxy)methyl)-3a,4,8,9-tetrahydro-, (3aS-(3aalpha,4alpha,10aR*))-
Networked: 154 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 7 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1. Neilan, Brett A: 7 articles (12/2014 - 06/2000)
2. Johnson, Rudolph C: 4 articles (07/2017 - 01/2009)
3. Kellmann, Ralf: 4 articles (03/2009 - 08/2006)
4. Pomati, Francesco: 4 articles (07/2008 - 06/2000)
5. Du Bois, J: 3 articles (01/2019 - 08/2007)
6. Campbell, Katrina: 3 articles (01/2016 - 05/2012)
7. Elliott, Christopher T: 3 articles (01/2016 - 05/2012)
8. Anderson, Donald M: 3 articles (12/2014 - 06/2009)
9. Chen, Xiao: 2 articles (01/2021 - 06/2018)
10. Liu, Jianjun: 2 articles (01/2021 - 06/2018)

Related Diseases

1. Corneal Injuries
2. Hypoxia (Hypoxemia)
02/01/1992 - "Reducing Na+ influx through voltage-gated Na+ channels during anoxia by applying Na+ channel blockers (TTX, saxitoxin) substantially improved recovery; TTX was protective even at concentrations that had little effect on the control compound action potential. "
01/01/1999 - "(2) Changes in saxitoxin binding density are related to alterations in the number of saxitoxin binding sites and not to binding affinity, since there was no major change in Kd values between the hypoxia and naive groups. "
01/28/1994 - "The effect of chronic in utero hypoxia on voltage-sensitive Na+ channels in newborn rat brain was investigated by means of ligand binding and autoradiography with [3H]saxitoxin (STX, Na+ channel ligand). "
03/29/2000 - "Our results show that (i) baseline membrane properties of cortical and hippocampal CA1 neurons from rats chronically exposed to hypoxia were not substantially different from those of naive neurons; (ii) acute stress (e.g., hypoxia) elicited a markedly exaggerated response in the exposed neurons as compared to naive ones; (iii) chronic hypoxia tended to increase Na(+) channel mRNA and saxitoxin binding density in the cortex and hippocampus as compared to control ones; and (iv) the enhanced neuronal response to acute hypoxia in the exposed cortical and CA1 neurons was considerably attenuated by applying tetrodotoxin, a voltage-sensitive Na(+) channel blocker, in a dose-dependent manner. "
01/01/1999 - "(1) Na+ channel messenger RNA and saxitoxin binding density decreased after prolonged hypoxia in adult brain homogenates; this is in sharp contrast to the changes observed in fetal brains, which tended to increase Na+ channel messenger RNA and protein after hypoxia. "
3. Shellfish Poisoning
4. Neuroblastoma
5. Body Weight (Weight, Body)

Related Drugs and Biologics

1. Anesthetics (Anesthetic Agents)
2. neosaxitoxin
3. gonyautoxins
4. Antioxidants
5. Gonadal Steroid Hormones (Sex Hormones)
6. Neurotoxins
7. Tetrodotoxin (Tetradotoxin)
8. Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
9. Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels
10. Sodium Channels (Sodium Channel)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1. Photorefractive Keratectomy
2. Therapeutics