Rhinoscleroma

A granulomatous disease caused by KLEBSIELLA RHINOSCLEROMATIS infection. Despite its name, this disease is not limited to the nose and NASOPHARYNX but may affect any part of the RESPIRATORY TRACT, sometimes with extension to the lip and the skin.

Also Known As:

Scleroma, Nasal

Networked: 73 relevant articles (6 outcomes, 9 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infections
2.	Atrophic Rhinitis (Ozena)
3.	Multibacillary Leprosy
4.	Hearing Loss (Hearing Impairment)
5.	Pyoderma Gangrenosum

Experts

1.	Almeida, Ana S: 2 articles (01/2018 - 04/2013)
2.	Brisse, Sylvain: 2 articles (01/2018 - 04/2013)
3.	Fevre, Cindy: 2 articles (01/2018 - 04/2013)
4.	Sansonetti, Philippe J: 2 articles (01/2018 - 04/2013)
5.	Tournebize, Régis: 2 articles (01/2018 - 04/2013)
6.	Awad, Osama G Abdel-Naby: 2 articles (07/2015 - 07/2015)
7.	Hammad, Mostafa Sayed: 2 articles (07/2015 - 07/2015)
8.	El-Marssafy, Lama H: 1 article (03/2022)
9.	Hussein, Fatma F: 1 article (03/2022)
10.	Sadek, Hesham S: 1 article (03/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Rhinoscleroma:

1.	Streptomycin (Streptomycin Sulfate)FDA Link 01/01/1949 - "Rhinoscleroma apparently cured with streptomycin." 06/01/1948 - "Rhinoscleroma apparently cured with streptomycin." 12/01/1947 - "Rhinoscleroma apparently cured with streptomycin." 07/01/1986 - "The effect of streptomycin and irradiation on rhinoscleroma (electron microscopic study)." 01/01/1970 - "[Late results of serological studies of patients treated with streptomycin for rhinoscleroma in the years 1956-1965]."
2.	SolutionsIBA 07/01/1981 - "Fifty patients with rhinoscleroma have been studied clinically, histopathologically and bacteriologically before, during and after the local application of acriflavin solution, in different concentrations, over an eight-week period. " 04/01/1988 - "Shaer et al. (1981) reported that local application of 2 per cent acriflavine solution over an eight-week period was an effective and safe remedy for rhinoscleroma. " 07/01/1981 - "Local acriflavine solution, in a concentration of 2 per cent, has been shown to be an effective and safe remedy for rhinoscleroma."
3.	AcriflavineIBA 07/01/1981 - "Local acriflavine: a new therapy for rhinoscleroma." 04/01/1988 - "Shaer et al. (1981) reported that local application of 2 per cent acriflavine solution over an eight-week period was an effective and safe remedy for rhinoscleroma. " 07/01/1981 - "Local acriflavine solution, in a concentration of 2 per cent, has been shown to be an effective and safe remedy for rhinoscleroma."
4.	Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/1993 - "A case of rhinoscleroma cured with ciprofloxacin." 07/01/2021 - "Topical ciprofloxacin as treatment for rhinoscleroma in a series of 23 patients." 10/20/2016 - "Treatment with ciprofloxacin is an effective method for rhinoscleroma." 03/01/2001 - "A case of rhinoscleroma treated with ciprofloxacin." 08/01/1995 - "Rhinoscleroma treated with ciprofloxacin: a case report."
5.	Rifampin (Rifampicin)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1990 - "Electron microscopic study of the pathological changes in the lesions showed that rifampicin is highly effective both systemically and locally in the treatment of rhinoscleroma." 10/01/1990 - "The effect of rifampicin on rhinoscleroma: an electron microscopic study." 04/01/1988 - "The aim of the present study was to evaluate the response of rhinoscleroma to local medication with rifampicin." 04/01/1988 - "Local rifampicin in treatment of rhinoscleroma." 03/01/2002 - "The current report is the second published case of rhinoscleroma in an elderly person and the first report on its cure by local treatment with a 3% rifampin ointment. "
6.	FluoroquinolonesIBA 03/01/2001 - "As mentioned in a review of patients with rhinoscleroma at the Mayo clinic in 1993, the fluoroquinolones deserve further study as potentially highly effective agents for this condition. " 08/01/1995 - "As mentioned in a recent review of patients with rhinoscleroma at the Mayo Clinic, the fluoroquinolones deserve further study as potentially highly effective agents for this uncommon but significant infectious condition."
7.	Mitomycin (Mitomycin-C)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2015 - "This study assessed the effect of topical mitomycin C (MMC) on reducing the recurrence of granulation tissue and intranasal adhesions after endoscopic debulking and continuous medical treatment of nasal rhinoscleroma. " 07/01/2015 - "This study assessed the effect of topical mitomycin C (MMC) on reducing the recurrence of granulation tissue and intranasal adhesions after endoscopic debulking and continuous medical treatment of nasal rhinoscleroma. " 07/01/2015 - "Topical mitomycin C as an adjunct to surgical debulking and medical treatment in rhinoscleroma." 07/01/2015 - "Topical mitomycin C as an adjunct to surgical debulking and medical treatment in rhinoscleroma."
8.	Complement System Proteins (Complement)IBA 05/01/1982 - "Bactericidal activity of serum for Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis: studies on serum from a patient with rhinoscleroma and sera deficient in antibody or complement." 01/01/1983 - "The complement fixation test in rhinoscleroma." 01/01/1959 - "[Deviation of complement in rhinoscleroma]." 01/01/1947 - "Complement fixation in scleroma (rhinoscleroma)."
9.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2016 - "In addition, it must be remembered that the treatment of rhinoscleroma is challenging and requires a prolonged course of antibiotics to achieve a definite cure and avoid relapses. " 12/01/2018 - "Rhinoscleroma can be managed effectively with a combination of antibiotics and surgical debridement and repair; however, recurrence rates do remain high." 01/01/1954 - "[On the therapy of scleroma; a rhinoscleroma uncontrollable by antibiotics]." 08/01/1992 - "We tested in vitro the activities of streptomycin and tetracycline--antibiotics that have long been used to treat rhinoscleroma--as well as several newer oral agents by using 23 isolates of the causative organism Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. "
10.	Tetracycline (Achromycin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1996 - "Early rhinoscleroma is usually successfully treated with oral tetracycline, yet laryngotracheal disease may require operative intervention. " 08/01/1995 - "We report on a patient with extensive nasal rhinoscleroma who achieved pathologic and bacteriologic resolution during treatment with oral ciprofloxacin after previous courses of tetracycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. " 08/01/1992 - "We tested in vitro the activities of streptomycin and tetracycline--antibiotics that have long been used to treat rhinoscleroma--as well as several newer oral agents by using 23 isolates of the causative organism Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 12/01/2018 - "We illustrate the radiographic features of a patient with a giant rhinoscleroma using CT, MRI and CT virtual bronchoscopy for prompt diagnosis, assessment of disease extensions before therapy and follow up after therapy. " 03/01/2001 - "It achieves good tissue penetration, is concentrated in macrophages and may prove to be useful in the therapy of rhinoscleroma." 01/01/1999 - "It is concluded that acriflavin can be used as a good alternative to systemic therapy for rhinoscleroma. " 03/01/1992 - "The clinical study of the newly developed bacteriophage preparations in the course of the treatment of purulent inflammatory diseases in 109 patients has revealed that the preparations are not reactogenic and exhibit sufficient effectiveness in the therapy of ozena, rhinoscleroma and Klebsiella infections with different localization of the infectious process." 07/01/1981 - "Local acriflavine: a new therapy for rhinoscleroma."
2.	Airway Management 07/01/2011 - "Airway management of an unusual case of recurrent rhinoscleroma." 11/01/1995 - "Three cases of laryngeal rhinoscleroma in pregnant women requiring tracheostomy for airway management are reported. "
3.	Lasers (Laser) 07/01/1990 - "Rhinoscleroma: management by carbon dioxide surgical laser." 08/01/1982 - "Tracheal rhinoscleroma treated by argon laser."
4.	Surgical Decompression 01/01/1981 - "Further histopathological examination of tissue removed at the time of surgical decompression also revealed rhinoscleroma. "
5.	Tracheostomy 11/01/1995 - "Three cases of laryngeal rhinoscleroma in pregnant women requiring tracheostomy for airway management are reported. "