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Retinal Pigments (Pigments, Visual)

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Photosensitive protein complexes of varied light absorption properties which are expressed in the PHOTORECEPTOR CELLS. They are OPSINS conjugated with VITAMIN A-based chromophores. Chromophores capture photons of light, leading to the activation of opsins and a biochemical cascade that ultimately excites the photoreceptor cells.

Also Known As:

Pigments, Visual; Retinal Photoreceptor Pigments; Photoreceptor Pigments, Retinal; Pigments, Retinal; Pigments, Retinal Photoreceptor; Visual Pigments

Networked: 18 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 0 trials/studies) for this Bio-Agent, Comments

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Biological Factors: 932
- Biological Pigments
  - Retinal Pigments: 18

Experts

1.	Vendrell, Victor: 1 article (09/2008)
2.	Saari, John C: 1 article (09/2008)
3.	McLoughlin, Sarah: 1 article (09/2008)
4.	Kennedy, Breandán N: 1 article (09/2008)
5.	Finnegan, Jennifer: 1 article (09/2008)
6.	Crabb, John W: 1 article (09/2008)
7.	Collery, Ross: 1 article (09/2008)
8.	Zhang, Houbin: 1 article (04/2008)
9.	Rohrer, Baerbel: 1 article (04/2008)
10.	Palczewski, Krzysztof: 1 article (04/2008)

Related Diseases

1.	Photophobia (Light Sensitivity) 05/01/2000 - "The coelacanth, a "living fossil," lives at a depth of about 200 m near the coast of the Comoros archipelago in the Indian Ocean and receives only a narrow range of light at about 480 nm. To see the entire range of "color" the Comoran coelacanth appears to use only rod-specific RH1 and cone-specific RH2 visual pigments, with the optimum light sensitivities (lambda max) at 478 nm and 485 nm, respectively. " 05/25/1999 - "Living at a depth of about 200 m, the Comoran coelacanth receives only a narrow range of light, at about 480 nm. To detect the entire range of "color" at this depth, the coelacanth appears to use only two closely related paralogous RH1 and RH2 visual pigments with the optimum light sensitivities (lambdamax) at 478 nm and 485 nm, respectively. " 01/01/2001 - "The presence of immunopositive visual pigments indicates the possibility of a retained light sensitivity in the blind cave salamander photoreceptors." 09/01/2008 - "Light sensitivity is restored by recombination of apo-opsin with 11-cis-retinal to regenerate visual pigments. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Retinitis Pigmentosa (Pigmentary Retinopathy) 06/01/2005 - "In the rods and cones of the retina, photoreceptor discs and visual pigments are synthesized in the inner segment and transported to the distal outer segment through a narrow 9+0 connecting cilium; defects in this process lead to retinitis pigmentosa. " 07/01/1990 - "Visual pigments, blue cone monochromasy, and retinitis pigmentosa." 12/01/1998 - "In addition to the recent findings on dysfunctional mutations in patients with retinitis pigmentosa or congenital night blindness, the mechanism of intramolecular signal transduction in visual pigments and their evolutionary relationship are discussed." 01/01/1987 - "Among the disorders reviewed are X-linked retinitis pigmentosa, Norrie's disease, gyrate atrophy and retinoblastoma, and there are also sections on crystallins and visual pigments." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Ganglion Cysts (Ganglion) 09/01/1979 - "In view of the regional constancy in morphology of eight of the nine receptor-cell axons, the regional variations in spectral sensitivity demand either functional subdivision of morphologically indistinguishable photoreceptors (e.g., content of different visual pigments) or a highly complex connectivity pattern of their axons in the first optic ganglion." 03/01/1971 - "Equally with change of adaptation, the relative shift in threshold between wave-lengths selective for cone or rod activation was in close agreement with the change predicted from the Dartnall nomogram curves for visual pigments 556 and 507 respectively.3. For ganglion cells with concentric fields rod input derives from a spatially larger area than cone input. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Retinal Diseases 12/01/2003 - "The stability of the retinal chromophore attachment varies between different visual pigments and may factor in some retinal disease states. " 01/01/1995 - "Research interest has variously focussed on the roles of age, light damage, free radicals, antioxidants, visual pigments, retinal locus, lysosomal enzymes, and pigmentation on lipofuscin formation, as well as the effects of lipofuscin on RPE cell function and causation of retinal disease. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Leber Congenital Amaurosis 04/09/2008 - "In Lrat(-/-) and Rpe65(-/-) mice, models of human Leber congenital amaurosis, the retinoid cycle is disrupted and 11-cis-retinal, the chromophore of visual pigments, is not produced. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)
2.	Opsins
3.	Lipofuscin
4.	Free Radicals
5.	Enzymes
6.	Crystallins (Crystallin)
7.	Antioxidants
8.	EVAC protocol (CAVE)
9.	retinol dehydrogenase

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