Pulmonary Embolism

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4982 relevant articles (290 outcomes, 489 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: Blocking of the PULMONARY ARTERY or one of its branches by an EMBOLUS.

Also Known As:

Embolism, Pulmonary; Embolisms, Pulmonary; Pulmonary Embolisms; Pulmonary Thromboembolisms; Thromboembolisms, Pulmonary; Pulmonary Thromboembolism; Thromboembolism, Pulmonary

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Respiratory Tract Diseases: 373

Lung Diseases: 8791

Pulmonary Embolism: 4982

Pulmonary Infarction: 91

Cardiovascular Diseases: 18525

Vascular Diseases: 7184

Embolism and Thrombosis: 58

Embolism: 3177

Pulmonary Embolism: 4982

Pulmonary Infarction: 91

Related Diseases

1.	Venous Thrombosis (Deep-Vein Thrombosis)
2.	Thrombosis (Thrombus)
3.	Myocardial Infarction
4.	Stroke (Strokes)
5.	Shock

Experts

1.	Goldhaber, Samuel Z: 15 articles (06/2008 - 08/2002)
2.	Tanus-Santos, Jose E: 13 articles (10/2008 - 01/2002)
3.	Kline, Jeffrey A: 11 articles (09/2008 - 02/2002)
4.	Büller, H R: 11 articles (08/2008 - 06/2000)
5.	Pruszczyk, Piotr: 10 articles (08/2008 - 06/2003)
6.	Kucher, Nils: 10 articles (08/2007 - 04/2003)
7.	Büller, Harry R: 10 articles (03/2007 - 02/2002)
8.	Perrier, Arnaud: 8 articles (01/2008 - 12/2003)
9.	Bounameaux, H: 8 articles (11/2007 - 07/2000)
10.	Wang, Chen: 8 articles (09/2007 - 06/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pulmonary Embolism:

1.	Heparin (Liquaemin)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1990 - "Low-dose subcutaneous heparin 5,000 IU commencing 2 hours preoperatively and continuing 12 hourly until the patient is fully mobile is unequivocally effective in preventing DVT in medical and surgical patients and, most importantly, significantly reduces the incidence of fatal postoperative pulmonary embolism and total mortality" 06/01/1995 - "Whether thrombolysis is superior to heparin in subacute intermediate pulmonary embolism has not been proven unequivocally in terms of mortality or clinically important endpoints" 03/01/1983 - "The efficacy of low dosage heparin in the prevention of pulmonary embolism has been assessed in a group of 177 "high risk" patients undergoing hip replacement operations compared with a control group of 236 "high risk" patients not so treated" 12/01/1976 - "There is reasonable evidence that heparin in low doses also offers a satisfactory protection against fatal pulmonary embolism for patients at high risk after general abdominothoracic operations" 01/01/1967 - "Two cases of massive pulmonary embolism treated successfully with heparin + CY 58]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (Heparin, Low Molecular Weight)IBA 09/01/2005 - "BACKGROUND: Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) appears to be safe and effective for treating pulmonary embolism (PE), but its cost-effectiveness has not been assessed" 10/01/2004 - "Pulmonary embolism in medical patients: improved diagnosis and the role of low-molecular-weight heparin in prevention and treatment." 04/01/1996 - "Transesophageal echocardiography and contrast-enhanced spiral CT of the chest helped to avoid a pulmonary angiography in an elderly patient with saddle pulmonary thromboembolism and allowed for direct evaluation of its resolution during treatment with subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin." 10/01/2007 - "The aim of the present study was to assess whether patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) could be managed as outpatients after early discharge from hospital using low molecular weight heparin instead of remaining as in-patients until effective oral anticoagulation was achieved" 05/01/2007 - "This study examined the outcomes of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) who were transferred to Hospital in the Home (HIH) within 24 hours of presentation for treatment with LMWH" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Warfarin (Coumadin)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1987 - "Early warfarin therapy in the treatment of acute pulmonary embolism appears to be both cost-effective and safe" 08/01/1999 - "Clinical trials are currently investigating the potential value of LMWHs in the treatment of pulmonary embolism and as an alternative to warfarin in secondary prevention of DVT" 11/01/2007 - "We report the case of a 65-year-old Caucasian male who had been taking warfarin for 6 months after an episode of postoperative pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE)" 07/01/2006 - "Duration of warfarin in pulmonary embolism." 08/01/2000 - "Given the early onset of symptoms and the initial presentation with pulmonary embolism in some family members, it was justifiable to offer prophylactic anticoagulation with warfarin to carriers of the mutation" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Enoxaparin (Lovenox)FDA Link 08/01/2007 - "After three weeks of enoxaparin therapy, her symptoms and pulmonary embolism on CT improved" 06/01/2003 - "Following our study we can conclude that extended 3-month treatment with enoxaparin as monotherapy for symptomatic, acute pulmonary embolism is feasible and warrants further study in a large clinical trial." 01/01/1994 - "No clinically symptomatic pulmonary embolism was observed during the treatment or follow-up phase of this study in the group that received thirty milligrams of enoxaparin every twelve hours" 11/01/2005 - "We investigated the efficacy and safety of extended enoxaparin monotherapy in symptomatic patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE)" 11/01/2005 - "Extended enoxaparin monotherapy for acute symptomatic pulmonary embolism." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	fibrin fragment D (D-dimer)IBA 06/15/2004 - "A clinical prediction rule for pulmonary embolism is most helpful when it is used with subsequent evaluations such as ventilation-perfusion scanning, D-dimer testing, or computed tomography" 01/11/2006 - "CONCLUSIONS: A diagnostic management strategy using a simple clinical decision rule, D-dimer testing, and CT is effective in the evaluation and management of patients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism" 02/01/1994 - "CONCLUSION: Combined D-dimer measurement and US were helpful in correctly diagnosing pulmonary embolism in only seven (20%) of 36 patients" 04/19/2008 - "METHODS: We included 1819 consecutive outpatients with clinically suspected pulmonary embolism in a multicentre non-inferiority randomised controlled trial comparing two strategies: clinical probability assessment and either D-dimer measurement and MSCT (DD-CT strategy [n=903]) or D-dimer measurement, venous compression ultrasonography of the leg, and MSCT (DD-US-CT strategy [n=916])" 03/01/2008 - "The objective of this study was to assess the correlation of the concentrations of D-dimer with the pulmonary artery occlusion score (PAOS) in a cohort of patients with acute pulmonary embolism" Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Urinary Plasminogen Activator (Urokinase)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1997 - "Severity of PE was assessed with the angiographic index according to the Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial (maximum value of 18; score according to whether obstruction was central or peripheral, complete or partial)" 07/01/1992 - "To determine the effects of a more concentrated urokinase dose administered over a shorter time course, this trial enrolled 90 patients with baseline perfusion lung scans and angiographically documented pulmonary embolism" 04/01/1991 - "A 3rd canine study compared rtPA and high-dose urokinase (UK) in treatment of pulmonary embolism" 02/01/1988 - "The posttherapy lung scans were compared with baseline, pretherapy scans with use of two semiquantitative methods--an anteroposterior view method, similar to that used in the Urokinase Pulmonary Embolism Trial, and a segmental method that emphasized pulmonary anatomy" 01/01/1987 - "The UKEP study: multicentre clinical trial on two local regimens of urokinase in massive pulmonary embolism" Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Tissue Plasminogen Activator (Alteplase)FDA Link 01/01/2008 - "Authors consider alteplase to be highly effective in the treatment of massive pulmonary embolism" 12/01/1989 - "A case of pulmonary thromboembolism in a young woman three days status post-abdominal surgery is treated successfully with a low-dose infusion rate of tissue plasminogen activator (10 mg/hr over 10 h)" 01/01/2008 - "The efficacy of alteplase in pulmonary embolism treatment]" 02/01/1988 - "To determine if pulmonary perfusion was improved in acute pulmonary embolism after therapy with recombinant human tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA), lung scans were obtained before and a mean of 22 hours after therapy in 19 patients" 03/30/2005 - "The aim of our study was to assess the prevalence of MRHT by a systemic use of transthoracic echocardiography in a prospective series of consecutive patients admitted for acute severe pulmonary embolism (PE) and to adopt intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) as the first line intention to treat patients with proven MRHT" Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Streptokinase FDA Link 08/01/1976 - "As a result of the case described the administration of streptokinase in a high initial dosage of about 750,000-1,000,000 U within a few minutes appears to be effective in serious lethal pulmonary embolism" 01/01/1983 - "The efficacy of streptokinase was studied in an open trial on 30 consecutive patients with major pulmonary embolism, affecting at least three lobar arteries in pulmonary angiography" 01/01/1983 - "It is concluded that streptokinase treatment of major pulmonary embolism is effective and safe in rapidly restoring pulmonary perfusion." 02/01/1985 - "Local fibrinolysis for the treatment of massive pulmonary embolism: efficacy of streptokinase infusion through pulmonary arterial catheter." 12/01/2001 - "High dose and short-term streptokinase infusion in patients with pulmonary embolism: prospective with seven-year follow-up trial." Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Fibrinolytic Agents (Antithrombotic Agents)IBA 10/01/1995 - "BACKGROUND: Thrombolytic agents have been used successfully to treat patients with massive pulmonary embolism and cardiorespiratory insufficiency, but experience with these drugs in pregnancy is limited" 03/01/1993 - "Thrombolytic agents are widely used as first line treatment in severe acute pulmonary embolisms" 11/01/2005 - "Efficacy of thrombolytic agents in the treatment of pulmonary embolism." 01/01/2008 - "OBJECTIVE: An unsettled issue is the use of thrombolytic agents in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE) who are hemodynamically stable but have right ventricular (RV) enlargement" 05/01/2003 - "Several other case reports and small series showed successful treatment of pulmonary embolism during similar circumstances using high-dose bolus injection of thrombolytic agents" Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP)IBA 06/01/2002 - "PMC was also effective in reducing the mortality of ADP-induced acute pulmonary thromboembolism in mice when administered intravenously at doses of 5 and 10 microg/g" 04/04/2003 - "Furthermore, kinetin was effective in reducing the mortality of ADP-induced acute pulmonary thromboembolism in mice when administered intravenously at doses of 4 and 6 mg/kg. In addition, intravenous injection of kinetin (4 and 6 mg/kg) significantly prolonged the bleeding time by approximately 1.9- and 2.1-fold as compared with normal saline in severed mesenteric arteries of rats" 04/01/2001 - "In this study, tetramethylpyrazine (TMPZ) was effective in reducing the mortality of ADP-induced acute pulmonary thromboembolism in mice when administered intravenously at doses of 40 and 80 microg/g" 07/01/2000 - "Furthermore, rutaecarpine was also effective in reducing the mortality of ADP-induced acute pulmonary thromboembolism in mice when administered intravenously at doses of 25 and 50 microg/g" 02/12/1997 - "In a model of fatal pulmonary thromboembolism induced by intravenous injection of ADP (300 micrograms/g), YC-1 was effective in reducing mortality when administered intraperitoneally at doses of 10-30 micrograms/g" Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Vena Cava Filters (Inferior Vena Cava Filter) 05/01/2008 - "A retrievable inferior vena cava filter, as an adjunct to chemical and mechanical prophylaxis, was a safe and effective means of reducing the acute risk of pulmonary embolism in this high-risk group of patients" 11/01/2005 - "CONCLUSION: The OptEase permanent/retrievable vena cava filter can be safely and successfully retrieved up to 14 days in patients who no longer require inferior vena cava filter protection against pulmonary embolism." 07/10/2000 - "CONCLUSIONS: Insertion of a vena cava filter was not associated with a significant reduction in the 1-year incidence of rehospitalization for pulmonary embolism" 06/01/2006 - "CONCLUSION: The TrapEase vena cava filter is effective in the prevention of pulmonary embolism, with minimal complications." 12/01/1997 - "The inferior vena cava filter may be effective in preventing new pulmonary embolism, and MPAP and TEE monitoring are useful for early detection of pulmonary emboli." Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Thrombolytic Therapy 09/01/1998 - "This case suggests that delayed thrombolytic therapy in patients with massive pulmonary embolism can still be beneficial in selected cases, even if given more than 2 weeks after symptom onset." 06/01/1996 - "We found a significant ABD-assisted right ventricular hypokinetic regression after thrombolytic therapy in acute pulmonary embolism but could not demonstrate a linear relation between improvement in early right ventricular function and angiography." 06/01/1989 - "Many investigators have reported about beneficial results with thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute pulmonary embolism" 04/15/1992 - "OBJECTIVES: To determine whether thrombolytic therapy reduces the rate of death or complications in patients with acute pulmonary embolism and whether a particular thrombolytic regimen is more effective than others" 03/15/2002 - "Is thrombolytic therapy effective for pulmonary embolism?" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Embolectomy 04/01/2007 - "Open pulmonary embolectomy is the most effective treatment for acute massive pulmonary embolism" 11/01/2001 - "Emergency surgical pulmonary embolectomy is a highly effective treatment for selected patients with pulmonary embolism" 07/01/1991 - "Transesophageal echocardiography seems to be a very helpful technique to diagnose promptly massive pulmonary embolism and a very useful tool at the time of operation to guide the embolectomy." 02/01/1977 - "We present the findings in a patient with acute massive pulmonary embolism who underwent transvenous pulmonary embolectomy, with immediate and marked improvement in hemodynamic function and survival" 01/01/2007 - "Massive pulmonary embolism treated successfully with embolectomy following failed thrombolysis--the role of repeated spiral computerised tomography and echocardiography--a case report]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Thrombectomy 07/01/2007 - "Percutaneous rheolytic thrombectomy for large pulmonary embolism: a promising treatment option." 01/01/2007 - "CONCLUSION: We illustrate here that percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy can be a safe and effective method of treating massive pulmonary embolism when thrombolysis is relatively contraindicated" 08/01/1997 - "In conclusion, antithrombotic PCPS is very useful to care massive pulmonary embolism with thrombectomy." 09/01/1990 - "The fibrinolytic treatment for right atrial thromboemboli during multiple pulmonary embolism is a promising alternative to right atrial thrombectomy: our results indicate that rt-PA acts rapidly and is effective and safe; if these results will be confirmed in a larger group of patients, rt-PA could become the first-choice therapy of right atrial thromboembolus." 08/01/2002 - "PURPOSE: To determine in vitro the efficacy of clot removal of the AngioJet (AJ; new 6-F generation), Hydrolyser (HL; 6-F), and Oasis (OS; 6-F) hydrodynamic thrombectomy devices and the Amplatz Thrombectomy Device fragmentation catheter (ATD; 8-F and new-generation 7-F) in large-diameter vessels and low-pressure fluid dynamic applications (ie, pulmonary embolism)" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Endarterectomy (Thromboendarterectomy) 08/01/2003 - "This case suggests that pulmonary thromboendarterectomy may be beneficial for patients with subacute pulmonary thromboembolism." 09/01/2005 - "CONCLUSION: Thromboendarterectomy is an effective treatment for chronic pulmonary thromboembolism" 03/15/2005 - "CONCLUSION: Pulmonary thromboendarterectomy is an effective treatment for chronic pulmonary thromboembolism" 07/01/2000 - "CONCLUSIONS: Immediately after pulmonary thromboendarterectomy for chronic pulmonary thromboembolism, NO inhalation improved oxygenation; at 12 h after surgery, NO inhalation resulted in decreased pulmonary vascular resistance, although both changes were small." 04/01/1996 - "These results allow us to conclude that the lives of patients with acute pulmonary thromboembolism can be saved by early detection and prompt surgery, but that management of chronic pulmonary thromboembolism involves difficulties in selecting surgical cases and in performing thromboendarterectomy." Order ALL the reference details at left...

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