Pneumopericardium

Presence of air or gas in the space between the heart and the PERICARDIUM. The degree of respiratory distress depends on the amount of trapped air and circulation blocked in the systemic and pulmonary veins.

Also Known As:

Networked: 193 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 2 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Mediastinal Emphysema (Pneumomediastinum)
2.	COVID-19
3.	Pneumothorax
4.	Cardiac Tamponade
5.	Asthma (Bronchial Asthma)

Experts

1.	De Ferrari, Gaetano Maria: 2 articles (07/2020 - 07/2020)
2.	Imazio, Massimo: 2 articles (07/2020 - 07/2020)
3.	Türkbay, Dursun: 2 articles (01/2009 - 05/2007)
4.	Lee, Edward Y: 1 article (06/2022)
5.	Plut, Domen: 1 article (06/2022)
6.	Slak, Peter: 1 article (06/2022)
7.	Winant, Abbey J: 1 article (06/2022)
8.	Alur, Nagamani: 1 article (06/2022)
9.	Marimuthu, Varun: 1 article (06/2022)
10.	Nanjappa, Manjunath Cholenahalli: 1 article (06/2022)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Pneumopericardium:

1.	Oxygen (Dioxygen)IBA 11/01/1996 - "Treatment with an oxygen hood (FiO2 1.00) resulted in a complete resolution of the pneumopericardium within 12 hours." 05/01/1998 - "In this neonate the pneumopericardium had a relatively benign course resolving on oxygen therapy. " 05/01/2022 - "We present a case of a 71-year-old patient who presented with respiratory distress requiring supplemental oxygen with subsequent rapid decline and decompensation requiring intubation and mechanical ventilation who was found to have pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium." 01/01/2022 - "Serial chest radiographs showed marked improvement following high concentration oxygen, and she was discharged on hospital day 3. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium are rare complications of asthma that can often be managed conservatively but should be considered on the differential for this patient population, and may be a complication of COVID-19."
2.	Contrast MediaIBA 12/01/1979 - "-- 2) Pericardial puncture and fluid aspiration and subsequent creation of a pneumopericardium with installation of water soluble contrast material are important diagnostic tools and have an important therapeutic effect as well. "
3.	Cocaine (Cocaine HCl)IBA 01/01/2019 - "Cocaine-Induced Pneumopericardium: Safe for Discharge? " 11/28/2000 - "Cocaine-induced pneumopericardium." 07/04/1985 - "Pneumopericardium from cocaine inhalation." 10/01/2013 - "[Pneumopericardium and pneumomediastinum in a diabetic and cocaine user patient]." 01/01/2020 - "Cocaine can be responsible for acute respiratory symptoms (cough, black sputum, hemoptysis, dyspnea, wheezing, chest pain) and for various pulmonary disorders including barotrauma (pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumopericardium), airway damage, asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, acute pulmonary edema, alveolar hemorrhage, alveolar pneumonia with carbonaceous material, bullous emphysema, acute eosinophilic pneumonia, pulmonary granulomatosis caused by talc or cellulose, interstitial pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis, vasculitis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolism and pulmonary infarction, mycotic pulmonary arterial aneurysms, septic emboli, aspiration pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, HIV-related opportunistic infections, latent tuberculosis infection, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer and crack lung. "
4.	SteroidsIBA 04/01/2006 - "We report a rare and fatal complication, in which oesophageal erosion secondary to the use of steroids was associated with pneumopericardium." 11/01/2017 - "Because of various advances in neonatal care, including gentler modes of ventilation, surfactant replacement, and antenatal steroids, the incidence of pneumopericardium has decreased. " 05/01/1993 - "After undergoing CABG the patient developed pneumopericardium with a subsequent pericardial effusion, which were successfully treated with steroids and diuretics and the patient was discharged asymptomatic. "
5.	Surface-Active Agents (Surfactants)IBA 08/01/2005 - "Neonatal pneumopericardium is a potentially fatal complication of positive-pressure ventilation and has become rare with the advent of surfactant replacement therapy. " 11/01/2017 - "Because of various advances in neonatal care, including gentler modes of ventilation, surfactant replacement, and antenatal steroids, the incidence of pneumopericardium has decreased. "
6.	NitrogenIBA 01/01/2014 - "The pneumopericardium was asymptomatic and resolved without the need for aspiration, although the "nitrogen washout" technique was used. " 11/01/1996 - "Neonatal pneumopericardium: successful treatment with nitrogen washout technique."
7.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2002 - "After antibiotic treatment, a repeat chest radiograph showed resolution of pneumopericardium and improvement of the chest infiltrate. " 01/01/2003 - "After 8 days of antibiotic therapy not resulting in clinical improvement, he suddenly developed a pneumopericardium. "
8.	Voriconazole (Vfend)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2014 - "Acute lymphocytic leukemia with superimposed invasive aspergillosis and pneumopericardium successfully treated with voriconazole."
9.	HIV AntibodiesIBA 01/01/2002 - "Although many other reports link pneumopericardium to an underlying disease process, our patient with HIV antibodies developed pneumopericardium despite having no history of trauma and no documentation of a communicating fistula. "
10.	TalcFDA Link 01/01/2020 - "Cocaine can be responsible for acute respiratory symptoms (cough, black sputum, hemoptysis, dyspnea, wheezing, chest pain) and for various pulmonary disorders including barotrauma (pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema, pneumopericardium), airway damage, asthma, bronchiolitis obliterans with organizing pneumonia, acute pulmonary edema, alveolar hemorrhage, alveolar pneumonia with carbonaceous material, bullous emphysema, acute eosinophilic pneumonia, pulmonary granulomatosis caused by talc or cellulose, interstitial pneumonitis and pulmonary fibrosis, vasculitis, pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary embolism and pulmonary infarction, mycotic pulmonary arterial aneurysms, septic emboli, aspiration pneumonia, community-acquired pneumonia, HIV-related opportunistic infections, latent tuberculosis infection, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung cancer and crack lung. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Catheters 09/26/2023 - "Pneumopericardium is associated with a high mortality rate and may be effectively treated by immediate insertion of a pericardial catheter." 02/01/2005 - "Tension pneumopericardium relieved by pigtail catheter." 01/01/2009 - "Tension pneumopericardium after removal of pericardiocentesis drainage catheter." 04/01/1976 - "Treatment was delayed in the sixth infant; the pneumopericardium disappeared spontaneously but soon reappeared and contributed to a fatal outcome, although a drainage catheter was inserted. " 01/01/2009 - "This image showed tension pneumopericardium caused by removing the pericardiocentesis catheter, which was inserted to drain malignant pericardial effusion. "
2.	Conservative Treatment 01/01/2020 - "Although the tendency to develop tension pneumopericardium urging surgical intervention is high in pediatric patients, our patient has improved well with conservative management. " 09/01/1990 - "In the present study 20 patients with pneumopericardium were selected for conservative treatment. " 08/01/2023 - "Conservative management of pneumopericardium: A case of unexpected success." 06/01/2023 - "Although pneumopericardium caused by atrial lead perforation can spontaneously resolve with conservative treatment, as it did in this case, treatment should be decided based on the patient's general condition and lead performance." 01/01/2020 - "Given the advanced nature of the disease we applied a conservative management given that the pneumopericardium was deemed to be small with no tamponade. "
3.	Punctures 06/01/2022 - "Pneumopericardium- An Unusual Complication Following Transseptal Puncture: A Series of 3 Cases." 01/01/1976 - "[Pneumopericardium after pleural puncture]." 01/01/1950 - "[Pneumopericardium provoked by an attempted exploratory puncture of the pleura]." 07/06/2020 - "Pericardiocentesis should be performed by experienced operators and carries a variable risk of complications, mainly cardiac chamber puncture, arrhythmias (ventricular arrhythmias suggest puncture of the ventricle), coronary artery puncture or haemothorax, pneumothorax, pneumopericardium and hepatic injury. " 07/06/2020 - "Pericardiocentesis should be performed by experienced operators and carries a variable risk of complications, mainly cardiac chamber puncture, arrhythmias (ventricular arrhythmias suggest puncture of the ventricle), coronary artery puncture or haemothorax, pneumothorax, pneumopericardium and hepatic injury. "
4.	Chest Tubes (Chest Tube) 05/01/2005 - "Chest tube placement relieved both pneumothorax and pneumopericardium without the need for atrial lead extraction." 01/01/2020 - "On admission to the emergency department, he was found to have bilateral pneumothoraces, pneumomediastinum, and pneumopericardium requiring bilateral chest tubes. " 12/01/2009 - "The pneumothorax and pneumopericardium were small and did not require chest tube placement. " 01/01/2023 - "Complications were detected on routine chest radiograph after chest tube removal in 10 patients (6.8%) including pneumothorax (n=5, 3.4%), pleural effusion (n=3, 2%), pneumomediastinum (n=1, 0.7%), and pneumopericardium (n=1, 0.7%). "
5.	Thoracotomy 01/01/1986 - "The importance of prompt surgical intervention in cases of tension pneumopericardium is underlined; the treatment of choice is thoracotomy with pericardiotomy." 09/01/2017 - "Bedside thoracotomy was performed to treat pneumothorax and pneumopericardium. " 06/01/1994 - "Delayed tension pneumopericardium after thoracotomy for penetrating chest trauma." 03/01/2004 - "Computed tomography revealed an air-filled structure consistent with a bulla to the right of the heart base that appeared to communicate with the pericardial cavity Because spontaneous resolution of the pneumopericardium seemed unlikely and cardiac tamponade was a possibility, exploratory thoracotomy was performed. "