Paraproteins

Abnormal immunoglobulins synthesized by atypical cells of the MONONUCLEAR PHAGOCYTE SYSTEM. Paraproteins containing only light chains lead to Bence Jones paraproteinemia, while the presence of only atypical heavy chains leads to heavy chain disease. Most of the paraproteins show themselves as an M-component (monoclonal gammopathy) in electrophoresis. Diclonal and polyclonal paraproteins are much less frequently encountered.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1099 relevant articles (28 outcomes, 51 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Vanderkerken, Karin: 10 articles (01/2022 - 01/2003)
2.	Pfreundschuh, Michael: 9 articles (01/2019 - 07/2007)
3.	Van Camp, Ben: 9 articles (11/2008 - 10/2002)
4.	Medeiros, L Jeffrey: 8 articles (08/2019 - 03/2002)
5.	Preuss, Klaus-Dieter: 8 articles (01/2019 - 07/2007)
6.	De Raeve, Hendrik: 7 articles (07/2018 - 04/2003)
7.	Treon, Steven P: 6 articles (01/2022 - 08/2005)
8.	Lin, Pei: 6 articles (01/2020 - 08/2003)
9.	Fadle, Natalie: 6 articles (01/2019 - 08/2009)
10.	Regitz, Evi: 6 articles (01/2019 - 08/2009)

Related Diseases

1.	Multiple Myeloma 10/01/2009 - "The aim of this study was to search for factors underlying the autoimmunogenicity of paratarg-7, a frequent antigenic target of paraproteins in MGUS and multiple myeloma. " 11/02/2023 - "We observed 50 multiple myeloma patients with serum paraproteins. " 07/01/2023 - "Multiple myeloma (MM) is a clonal plasma cell proliferative disorder characterized by the abnormal increase of monoclonal paraprotein and can lead to specific end-organ damage. " 01/01/2023 - "Neurological complications of multiple myeloma (MM) are quite common, most often due to hyperviscosity and paraprotein-related neuropathy. " 01/01/2022 - "Prognostic Value of Serum Paraprotein Response Kinetics in Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma."
2.	Plasmacytoma 12/01/1963 - "[IMMUNO-ELECTROPHORETIC STUDIES OF THE PARAPROTEINS IN PLASMOCYTOMA]." 01/15/2022 - "[Detection of paraprotein in plasma cell tumors]." 01/01/2021 - "Serum paraprotein persistence and size determine outcome in a cohort of patients with a modern definition of plasmacytoma with up to 19 years of follow up." 09/01/2008 - "This case report describes a patient with a solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma involving the pleura, and no evidence of serum, urine or pleural fluid paraproteins. " 09/01/2001 - "Renal plasmacytoma is rare and should be suspected when paraprotein is detected in blood and urine, and when the patient has a history of plasmatic cell dyscrasia. "
3.	Hemorrhage 01/01/1986 - "These studies indicate that bleeding occurring in dysproteinemia may be the result of a specific interaction of monoclonal paraproteins with platelets. " 05/01/2023 - "Our report sdemonstrates that, for refractory cases, eradication of the monoclonal paraprotein may be necessary to treat bleeding complications due to MGUS-associated AVWS." 01/01/2017 - "This case might be indicative that an abnormality of coagulation tests, disturbed by IgMκ paraprotein, does not predict a risk of bleeding in this patient." 01/01/2016 - "The patient made a complete recovery and has had no abnormal bleeding during a 7-year follow-up, despite the persistence of the paraprotein. " 06/01/2007 - "Finally, plasmapheresis and immunoadsorption to remove paraproteins may be helpful when other measures fail to curb bleeding."
4.	Proteinuria 01/01/2023 - "EGFR was below normal (≤60 mL/min/1.73 m2) in 67% of the entire study population, 58% had nephrotic range proteinuria, and a significant proportion had paraproteins in their serum or urine. " 01/01/1986 - "Diagnosis may be difficult as blood and bone marrow haematology can remain normal, with no evidence of a serum paraprotein band or Bence-Jones proteinuria by routine electrophoresis. " 04/01/1978 - "Detection, significance and treatment of paraprotein in patients presenting with 'idiopathic' proteinuria without myeloma." 01/01/1975 - "When the glomeruli are involved, the proteinuria is nonselective and, in some cases, the whole paraprotein is excreted in the urine. " 07/01/1968 - "[A case of myeloma with the findings of 3 paraproteins in the serum and with Bence Jones proteinuria]."
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 04/01/1988 - "Response was obtained in 53% (n = 8: group 1); this was objective in 40% (n = 6), being defined as 50% or greater reduction in paraprotein, clearance of light chains from the urine, or an unequivocal decrease in tumor bulk on an adequate marrow trephine biopsy; a further 13% (n = 2) just failed to meet these criteria but nevertheless had excellent subjective response. " 12/01/2004 - "Tumor regression and inhibition of tumor growth, improvement in overall survival, and reduction in levels of circulating human paraprotein were observed in mice treated with B-B4-DM1. " 08/01/2013 - "Family pedigree analyses of high-risk families, case-control studies and racial disparities in disease incidence all point to a potential inherited predisposition to MM. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified susceptibility loci in a number of cancers and such studies are currently underway in MM. To date, GWASs in MM have identified several potential regions of interest for further study on chromosomes 3p22, 7p15.3, 8q24 and 2p23.3. In addition, several targets of paraproteins (so called 'paratargs') in MM have been identified. " 01/15/2006 - "In an in vivo study, PPP reduced the bone marrow tumor burden and serum paraprotein in 5T33MM mice by 77% and 90%, respectively, compared to vehicle-treated animals. " 01/01/1984 - "Tumor origin of the clones was demonstrated by immunofluorescence studies in which Ig-positive cells stained only for the heavy and light chain isotypes identical to those of the patient's serum paraprotein. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Immunoglobulin M (IgM)
2.	Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein
3.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
4.	Bortezomib (Velcade)
5.	Proteasome Inhibitors
6.	Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
7.	Immunoglobulin G (IgG)
8.	Autoantibodies
9.	Creatinine
10.	Interleukin-6 (Interleukin 6)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Plasmapheresis
4.	Immunotherapy
5.	Stem Cell Transplantation