Nephrotic Syndrome (Syndrome, Nephrotic)

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5498 relevant articles (577 outcomes, 500 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: A condition characterized by severe PROTEINURIA, greater than 3.5 g/day in an average adult. The substantial loss of protein in the urine results in complications such as HYPOPROTEINEMIA; generalized EDEMA; HYPERTENSION; and HYPERLIPIDEMIAS. Diseases associated with nephrotic syndrome generally cause chronic kidney dysfunction.

Also Known As:

Syndrome, Nephrotic; Nephrotic Syndromes; Syndromes, Nephrotic

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Male Urogenital Diseases

Urologic Diseases: 395

Kidney Diseases: 5158

Nephrosis: 1380

Nephrotic Syndrome: 5498

Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications

Female Urogenital Diseases

Urologic Diseases: 395

Kidney Diseases: 5158

Nephrosis: 1380

Nephrotic Syndrome: 5498

Related Diseases

1.	Proteinuria
2.	Membranous Glomerulonephritis (Membranous Nephropathy)
3.	Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (Glomerulosclerosis, Focal)
4.	Glomerulonephritis
5.	Amyloidosis

Experts

1.	Bagga, Arvind: 10 articles (09/2008 - 04/2002)
2.	Wasilewska, Anna: 9 articles (07/2008 - 08/2003)
3.	Zoch-Zwierz, Walentyna: 8 articles (07/2008 - 08/2003)
4.	Caridi, Gianluca: 7 articles (01/2006 - 07/2002)
5.	Ghiggeri, Gian Marco: 7 articles (01/2006 - 07/2002)
6.	Gulati, Sanjeev: 6 articles (11/2008 - 05/2004)
7.	Hari, Pankaj: 6 articles (09/2008 - 04/2003)
8.	Vaziri, Nosratola D: 6 articles (10/2007 - 05/2002)
9.	Perfumo, Francesco: 6 articles (01/2006 - 07/2002)
10.	Niaudet, Patrick: 5 articles (10/2008 - 03/2003)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Nephrotic Syndrome:

1.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1990 - "Results of the available literature and preliminary data of an ongoing multicenter, prospective, randomized Italian trial indicate that ciclosporin (CS), at low doses, may maintain remission of the nephrotic syndrome in most steroid-sensitive patients. " 11/01/2004 - "Cyclosporine has also been shown to be effective in inducing a partial or the complete remission of nephrotic syndrome. " 02/01/2001 - "Initial remission-inducing effect of very low-dose cyclosporin monotherapy for minimal-change nephrotic syndrome in Japanese adults." 11/01/1999 - "Review of the available literature indicates that cyclosporin may maintain remission of nephrotic syndrome in about 80% of patients with corticosteroid-sensitive disease, indicating an important role for this drug in patients with frequent relapses or corticosteroid dependency. " 11/01/1996 - "In patients who are steroid-dependent, cyclosporine therapy can induce complete or partial remission in a significant proportion of cases; success rates in patients with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome are less encouraging. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2006 - "Nephrotic syndrome was steroid-resistant, and when we added cyclophosphamide for 8 weeks complete remission was achieved. " 05/02/1992 - "[Good results of cyclophosphamide in steroid toxicity in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome caused by minimal-lesion glomerulopathy in childhood]" 01/01/2005 - "CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophosphamide was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of elderly-onset nephrotic syndrome, with sustained remission and preserved renal function." 02/12/1997 - "CONCLUSIONS: In patients with chronic GN and the nephrotic syndrome, the efficacy of Consupren treatment gives comparable, or even better results versus treatment with Cyclophosphamide." 11/01/2003 - "Intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide--is it effective in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome?" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2007 - "After receiving systemic anticoagulant therapy and oral prednisolone, his neurological symptoms improved dramatically, and complete remission from nephrotic syndrome was achieved. " 09/01/2003 - "Prednisolone therapy induced complete remission of nephrotic syndrome. " 01/01/2009 - "CONCLUSION: Treatment of adult MCD with low prednisolone dose and CsA seems to be equally effective with high prednisolone dose to induce remission of nephrotic syndrome. " 09/01/2006 - "The nephrotic syndrome was treated successfully with prednisolone. " 06/29/1991 - "In children with corticosteroid-responsive nephrotic syndrome who are dependent on high-dose prednisolone, alkylating therapy often fails to maintain a remission, and long-term immunosuppression may be hazardous. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Prednisone (Sone)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2008 - "No significant difference was found between prednisone compared with placebo for complete (RR 1.44, CI 0.95 to 2.19) and partial remission (RR 1.00, CI 0.07 to 14.45) of the nephrotic syndrome due to minimal change disease. " 02/20/1988 - "Complete initial remission of steroid responsive nephrotic syndrome can be obtained with half the standard prednisone dose, but the short course is followed by a higher rate of relapses, that require repeated prednisone administrations. " 03/01/1975 - " Thirty-four patients had been treated with prednisone; initial complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome occurred in only 4 patients and partial remission in 10. " 04/01/2009 - "CONCLUSIONS: Among the adult Chinese patients with MSNS-HBV who completed this study, there were no significant differences in remission rates of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome between the standard prednisone regimen and the combination of MMF and a reduced prednisone dose. " 08/02/1980 - "Seven patients with slight but definite proliferative changes in the glomeruli achieved complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome when treated with prednisone. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)IBA 04/01/2005 - "BACKGROUND: Although remission is achieved in most children with nephrotic syndrome by treatment with corticosteroids, a significant proportion of patients experience relapses. " 07/01/1999 - "Patients with nephrotic syndrome in MCD when treated with corticosteroids and/or cytotoxic drugs have complete or partial remission in a more than 90% of cases. " 04/01/1998 - "Of the eight patients treated with corticosteroids alone, three showed complete remission and one partial remission of the nephrotic syndrome. " 01/01/1976 - "Nine of 15 pediatric patients treated with corticosteroids experienced partial or complete remission in either their nephrotic syndrome or level of urine protein excretion, while just 3 of 6 adult patients treated with corticosteroids experienced a partial remission, but never became protein-free. " 01/01/2009 - "ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Adult minimal changes disease (MCD) is usually treated by high corticosteroids dose in order to achieve remission of nephrotic syndrome. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Methylprednisolone FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1999 - "This study was done to determine the efficacy of oral high dose methylprednisolone (HDMP) therapy in the treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS). " 03/01/2009 - "The steroid resistance of nephrotic syndrome is defined by the absence of remission after a full dose of oral corticosteroid therapy for 1 month followed by 3 pulses of intravenous methylprednisolone. " 11/01/2004 - "Efficacy of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome." 01/01/1989 - "Following methylprednisolone therapy, nephrotic syndrome remission was achieved only in three patients with minimal change disease. " 09/16/2004 - "[Posterior reversible encephalopathy in a 12-year-old female with nephrotic syndrome and methylprednisolone therapy]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	SteroidsIBA 01/01/2009 - "Complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome was observed in all patients treated by steroids or combination of steroids and CsA. " 10/01/2008 - "A protracted course of steroids yielded a complete, unexpected remission of the nephrotic syndrome and renal function was normal at 18 months." 07/01/1992 - "This drug, used in the absence of steroids, induced complete remission of nephrotic syndrome in the five patients to whom it was given. " 03/06/1990 - "A therapy with steroids was initiated which induced a complete remission of the nephrotic syndrome. " 12/01/2001 - "In steroid sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) in children, is there clear evidence that steroids given every second day are more beneficial in terms of reducing relapse rate and side effects compared with half the dose given every day?" Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Chlorambucil (Leukeran)FDA Link 06/01/2000 - "The patient with over 100 relapses of minimal change nephrotic syndrome: prolonged complete remission after chlorambucil treatment." 02/01/1978 - "The data indicate that a stable dosage regimen for chlorambucil is as effective as an increasing dose regimen in achieving long-term remission of frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome." 01/01/1978 - "Controlled trial of chlorambucil in frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome in children (a preliminary report)." 04/01/2006 - "Chlorambucil therapy in children with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome." 10/01/1992 - "Two men were treated for a nephrotic syndrome with high-dose chlorambucil therapy; 6.5 and 14 years later, respectively, both were azoospermic with high plasmatic FSH values. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	CreatinineIBA 01/01/2008 - "Data relevant to outcomes (complete or partial remission of nephrotic syndrome, doubling of serum creatinine, adverse effects) from identified studies were included. " 08/01/1994 - "The thyroid function of seven children with untreated nephrotic syndrome who had a normal serum creatinine concentration was compared with that of the same patients in remission and age-matched controls. " 01/01/2005 - "In a European induction study including predominantly Caucasians, patients who received any of two sequential regimens, low dose versus high dose IVCY induction both followed by AZA maintenance, had a high cumulative probability of remaining free of treatment failure (84% in low dose IVCY and 80% in high dose IVCY; treatment failure defined as a composite of free of corticosteroid resistant flare, nephrotic syndrome, doubling creatinine, and persistent elevated creatinine). " 09/01/1994 - "All patients experienced symptomatic improvement of their nephrotic syndrome and serum creatinine was not significantly increased at the end of the study period. " 12/01/1988 - "There was no statistical difference with respect to duration of nephrotic syndrome, plasma creatinine at the end of study and change in plasma creatinine. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Levamisole (Decaris)FDA Link 02/01/2006 - "Thus, we concluded that levamisole is a highly efficacious, safe and easily affordable initial therapy for FR/SD idiopathic nephrotic syndrome." 01/01/1994 - "The clinically significant trend towards increased duration of remission maintenance in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome observed with levamisole therapy, especially in patients with multiple relapses, may require a larger study with a longer follow-up for definitive confirmation." 01/01/2006 - "CONCLUSION: Levamisole is a safe and effective steroid sparing drug, in steroid dependent and frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome, for the prolongation of remission, especially in older children." 04/01/2008 - "Short- and long-term efficacy of levamisole as adjunctive therapy in childhood nephrotic syndrome." 09/01/2002 - "OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of levamisole in maintaining remission in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS) who had a frequent relapsing or steroid-dependent course. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 03/01/2000 - "Chemotherapy was effective for both the ML and nephrotic syndrome, and the patient's urine analysis results returned to normal. " 09/01/2008 - "Remission of the nephrotic syndrome was attained in three of seven patients, and renal function improved after chemotherapy. " 01/01/1987 - "These observations indicate a probable causal relationship between the lymphoproliferative disease and the onset of the glomerulopathy which is supported by the efficacy of the chemotherapy on the evolution of the nephrotic syndrome." 12/01/1986 - "Despite extensive studies of diet and drug therapy in other populations, few such therapeutic studies exist in patients with the nephrotic syndrome. " 04/01/1994 - "Patients with unremitting nephrotic syndrome should be considered for combined dietary and lipid-lowering drug therapy. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Transplantation (Transplant Recipients) 04/01/2007 - "10 months after transplantation, he still has complete remission from recurrent nephrotic syndrome. " 09/01/2009 - "BACKGROUND: Corticosteroid-resistant idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) recurs rapidly after transplantation in 30% to 50% of transplant recipients, suggesting the presence of 1 or more circulating factors that alter the glomerular filtration barrier. " 01/01/2007 - "Taken together these findings confirm the possibility of post transplantation nephrotic syndrome in patients with NPHS2 mutations. " 09/01/2006 - "Minimal-change nephrotic syndrome in a hematopoietic stem-cell transplant recipient." 09/01/2006 - "Nephrotic syndrome in a child after umbilical-cord-blood transplantation." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 04/28/2001 - "RESULTS: 1. There were no significant differences in urinary RBP, NAG and protein levels before treatment among patient groups (P > 0.05); 2. There were significant decreases in urinary RBP and NAG following glucocorticoid therapy in those response to glucocorticoid (P < 0.01); 3. There were significant differences in urinary protein, RBP and NAG among three groups of patients with primary nephrotic syndrome after treatment. " 03/01/1997 - "We describe 2 cases of GCA with nephrotic syndrome, one at the time of diagnosis, the other 2 years after treatment. " 10/01/1987 - "There were four complete remissions, five partial remissions and no patient with persistent nephrotic syndrome after treatment. " 06/01/1976 - "Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia after treatment of nephrotic syndrome with immunosuppressive drugs." 11/01/1981 - "Five of six patients with the nephrotic syndrome had reduction in proteinuria and three of these patients entered prolonged remission after treatment. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Kidney Transplantation 03/27/2003 - "CONCLUSION: IV CsA is a safe and effective treatment in children with recurrent nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation." 11/01/1985 - "[Clinical studies on nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation]" 10/01/2009 - "This scenario suggests that donor-recipient interactions in MYH9, as well as other gene-gene and gene-environment interactions, may lead to recurrent nephrotic syndrome after renal transplantation. " 10/01/2009 - "Potential donor-recipient MYH9 genotype interactions in posttransplant nephrotic syndrome after pediatric kidney transplantation." 09/01/2009 - "Plasma "factors" in recurrent nephrotic syndrome after kidney transplantation: causes or consequences of glomerular injury?" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Plasmapheresis 06/01/2009 - "This achieved complete remission of her nephrotic syndrome and improvement in her renal function, so plasmapheresis was ceased. " 06/01/1998 - "RESULTS: One month after the last plasmapheresis session, 72.7% (n=8) of the patients were in clinical remission of nephrotic syndrome in association with the stabilization of renal function. " 11/01/1996 - "Because of the null response to traditional therapy the patient was submitted to plasmapheresis "cascade model", or double filtration, a certainly experimental treatment for this disease, and a remission of the nephrotic syndrome was obtained as confirmed by follow-up at three, six months and one year. " 02/01/2000 - "Nephrotic syndrome and plasmapheresis." 01/01/1991 - "[Use of plasmapheresis in children with nephrotic syndrome]" Order ALL the reference details at left...

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