Melarsoprol (Mel B)

06/01/2001 - "The cis- and trans-buteneamidines cured infection caused by Trypanosoma brucei brucei (EATRO Lab 110) and protected mice against infection by Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense isolates, some of which are resistant to diamidines and melarsoprol."
12/01/1978 - "The efficacy of melarsoprol against developing Dirofilaria, which has been demonstrated in dogs by other workers, was demonstrated in ferrets given oral doses, at 100 mg/kg, on days 38--42 of infection. "
01/01/2022 - "For treatment of second-stage infections, drugs that pass the blood brain barrier are needed, and melarsoprol has been effectively used for both forms of HAT in the past. "
10/01/2002 - "The incidence of Gambian infections refractory to melarsoprol treatment has also risen sharply in northern Uganda, northern Angola and southern Sudan, with failure rates as high as 26.9%. "
11/01/2001 - "Analysis of those isolates revealed that their in vitro sensitivity to melarsoprol was one-tenth that of sensitive isolates, and complete failure to cure the infection in the acute mouse model with melarsoprol levels comparable with those in human patients. "

08/01/1989 - "Mel-B was also effective against primary and relapse cerebral trypanosomiasis in goats."
08/28/2002 - "The present study compares two methods of preparation of microparticles of melarsoprol for the treatment of the human trypanosomiasis. "
06/01/1997 - "This study enrolled 28 CNS-involved patients with Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense at the Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute (Alupe, Kenya) to examine treatment efficacy and toxicity of melarsoprol in relation to renal excretion/dose relationships. "
08/01/1991 - "The purpose of the study was to assess the long-term effects of melarsoprol on awakening electroencephalogram (EEG) in 18 patients at the meningo-encephalic stage of human African gambiense trypanosomiasis. "
01/01/1988 - "[Treatment of experimental trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brucei brucei in sheep: study of the minimum active dose of melarsoprol]."

06/01/2005 - "Treatment of late-stage human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) with melarsoprol can be improved by shortening the regimen. "
06/01/2005 - "Effectiveness of a 10-day melarsoprol schedule for the treatment of late-stage human African trypanosomiasis: confirmation from a multinational study (IMPAMEL II)."
01/01/2020 - "Melarsoprol administration for the treatment of late-stage human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) is associated with the development of an unpredictable and badly characterized encephalopathic syndrome (ES), probably of immune origin, that kills approximately 50% of those affected. "
01/01/2018 - "Melarsoprol Resistance in African Trypanosomiasis."
06/01/2013 - "Melarsoprol is the only currently available drug for treatment of the late stage of African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness). "

08/01/2008 - "All four main drugs used for human African trypanosomiasis are toxic, and melarsoprol, the only drug that is effective for both types of central nervous system disease, is so toxic that it kills 5% of patients who receive it. "
07/01/2003 - "Untreated the disease is invariably fatal, and melarsoprol, the only available and effective treatment for CNS disease, is associated in up to 10% of cases with a severe post-treatment reactive encephalopathy (PTRE), which can itself cause death. "

10/01/2018 - "Of the two patients with stage 2 (meningoencephalitic) disease, one died of melarsoprol encephalopathy. "
06/01/2014 - "About 10% of patients treated with the recommended drug, melarsoprol develop post treatment reactive encephalopathy, which is fatal in 50% of these patients, thus melarsoprol is fatal in 5% of all treated patients. "
05/01/2006 - "The only effective drug for late stage disease, melarsoprol, which crosses the blood-brain barrier, is followed by a severe post-treatment reactive encephalopathy in 10% of cases of which half die. "
04/01/2006 - "Accurate staging of the disease is absolutely essential because of the potentially fatal complications of melarsoprol treatment of late-stage disease, the most important of which is a severe post-treatment reactive encephalopathy (PTRE) the pathogenesis of which is not fully understood. "
01/01/2005 - "It evolves from the hemolymphatic Stage I to the meningo-encephalitic Stage II. The latter is generally treated with melarsoprol, an arseniate provoking often a deadly encephalopathy. "