Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis

A disease characterized by the chronic, progressive spread of lesions from New World cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by species of the L. braziliensis complex to the nasal, pharyngeal, and buccal mucosa some time after the appearance of the initial cutaneous lesion. Nasal obstruction and epistaxis are frequent presenting symptoms.

Also Known As:

Networked: 138 relevant articles (14 outcomes, 17 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala Azar)
2.	Mycoses (Diseases, Fungus)
3.	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
4.	HIV Infections (HIV Infection)
5.	Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

Experts

1.	Silva, Edilene O: 2 articles (08/2021 - 02/2013)
2.	Demarchi, Izabel Galhardo: 2 articles (10/2018 - 01/2018)
3.	Lonardoni, Maria Valdrinez Campana: 2 articles (10/2018 - 01/2018)
4.	de Mello, Tatiane França Perles: 2 articles (10/2018 - 01/2018)
5.	Badaró, Roberto: 2 articles (12/2017 - 02/2015)
6.	Guzman, Fanny: 2 articles (01/2017 - 03/2002)
7.	Borges, Valeria M: 2 articles (04/2016 - 10/2014)
8.	Burchard, Gerd: 2 articles (11/2011 - 09/2011)
9.	Llanos-Cuentas, Alejandro: 2 articles (04/2011 - 06/2007)
10.	Boulos, M: 2 articles (08/2000 - 01/2000)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis:

1.	Antimony Sodium Gluconate (Sodium, Stibogluconate)IBA 02/01/2012 - "Intravenous sodium stibogluconate (SbV) is the mainstay of treatment for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. " 04/01/2010 - "The clinical picture, plus the pathologic findings, and the response to sodium stibogluconate confirmed mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. " 04/01/2010 - "A 64-year-old man presented with a destructive ulceration of the central face of 23 years' duration, who was diagnosed to have mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and showed dramatic response to intramuscular injections of sodium stibogluconate. " 12/09/2006 - "The patient was treated for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis by a 28-day course of intravenous sodium-stibogluconate therapy. " 04/01/2013 - "For patients at risk for progression to mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, first-line treatment in the United States entails the use of sodium stibogluconate (SSG), which is obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under an investigational drug protocol. "
2.	Amphotericin B (Amphotericin)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2020 - "The patient was successfully treated as a case of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis receiving liposomal amphotericin follow up visits showed significant improvement with no recurrence." 01/01/1965 - "[Apropos of a case of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis resistant to antimonials and cured by amphotericin B in Guiana]." 01/01/2007 - "Enhancement of a TH1 immune response in amphotericin B-treated mucocutaneous leishmaniasis." 08/01/1991 - "The influence of saline loading on the nephrotoxic response to amphotericin B (50 mg/dose given i.v. over 4 hr 3 X/week for 10 weeks) was assessed in two groups of ten patients each who were diagnosed with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. " 05/01/1976 - "Use of amphotericin B in mucocutaneous leishmaniasis."
3.	Interferon-gamma (Interferon, gamma)IBA 01/01/1994 - "Nevertheless, patients with visceral leishmaniasis or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, refractory to chemotherapy (antimonium complex), were cured when treated with antimonium in combination with gamma interferon, in spite of different immunological profiles. " 01/01/1994 - "In an open trial, longer courses of pentavalent antimonials (Sbv) at sub-optimal doses (10 mg/kg body weight), in association with recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) (100 micrograms/m2 of body surface area) were administered, by daily intramuscular injections, to 13 patients with diagnoses of cutaneous or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis unresponsive to Sbv. " 01/01/1994 - "Clinical healing of antimony-resistant cutaneous or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis following the combined administration of interferon-gamma and pentavalent antimonial compounds." 01/15/2005 - "Differential interferon- gamma production characterizes the cytokine responses to Leishmania and Mycobacterium leprae antigens in concomitant mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and lepromatous leprosy."
4.	Allopurinol (Remid)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1998 - "The authors report a case of a 89 years-old woman with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and previous diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure, who had been treated with allopurinol for 10 months without healing of lesions. " 09/01/1997 - "Efficacy of sodium stibogluconate alone and in combination with allopurinol for treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis." 09/01/1997 - "In this study, the addition of allopurinol to sodium stibogluconate provided no clinical benefit as treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis." 09/01/1997 - "A randomized, open, controlled clinical trial was designed to evaluate the efficacy, tolerance, and safety of sodium stibogluconate plus allopurinol and sodium stibogluconate alone as treatment of patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. " 01/01/1992 - "The electrocardiographic (ECG) changes in Bolivian patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, treated with meglumine antimoniate and allopurinol, were evaluated. "
5.	AntigensIBA 09/01/1998 - "According to the statistical analysis the L.major-like antigen added or not of PMSF has shown that it is the choice antigen for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis serology." 09/01/1996 - "A Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis (Lb) promastigote cDNA library in lambda gt11 was screened with patients' sera with the aim of identifying antigens specifically related to mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL). " 05/01/1996 - "Finally, the Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis sera that formed at least 17 bands with the homologous antigen also formed 10 bands with the T. " 03/01/1989 - "Biopsies from 40 patients with cutaneous or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis were examined using the immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques in order to demonstrate the parasite and/or antigen in the tissues. " 11/01/1988 - "Identification and purification of a 72 kDa antigen of Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis present on the surface and in the cytoplasm of the promastigotes and its specific recognition by sera from mucocutaneous leishmaniasis patients."
6.	AntibodiesIBA 05/01/1996 - "The antibodies in the sera of Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis patients showed 100% positive results by ELISA assays with T. " 05/01/1983 - "Specific IgE antibodies to Leishmania braziliensis in patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis." 04/01/1978 - "Complement fixing antibodies could not be detected in five of the nine patients with cutaneous or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. " 12/01/1999 - "The majority of sera from visceral leishmaniasis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis and even some cutaneous leishmaniasis patients contain detectable IgG antibodies against KMP-11. " 05/01/1996 - "We have detected antibodies, in the sera of Chagas disease, Kala-azar and Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis patients, that bind multiple antigens shared between the three causative agents. "
7.	liposomal amphotericin BFDA Link 12/01/2017 - "In the treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, L-AmB is a cost-effective alternative to SbV and AmB-D owing to its higher effectiveness, safety and shorter course." 12/01/2017 - "To compare the cost-effectiveness of L-AmB with that of SbV and AmB-D, for the treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in a hospital in north-east Brazil. " 12/01/2017 - "Cost-effectiveness of liposomal amphotericin B in hospitalised patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis." 01/01/2008 - "Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis treated with liposomal amphotericin B." 08/01/2000 - "Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis associated with HIV infection treated successfully with liposomal amphotericin B (AmBisome)"
8.	VaccinesIBA 08/01/2009 - "Results indicate that LdCen1(-/-) can be a safe and effective vaccine candidate against VL as well as mucocutaneous leishmaniasis causing parasites." 09/01/2011 - "Travel medicine practitioners advising and treating travelers visiting these regions should dedicate special attention to vaccine-preventable illnesses and should consider the uncommon occurrence of acute hepatitis A, leptospirosis, neurocysticercosis, acute Chagas disease, onchocerciasis, mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, neurocysticercosis, HIV, malaria, and brucellosis."
9.	Pentamidine (NebuPent)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/1998 - "Pentamidine isothionate is an effective treatment for mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, providing cure with a low rate of recurrence." 08/01/1998 - "Seventeen patients with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis were treated with pentamidine isothionate, 4 mg/kg every 48 hours. " 08/01/1998 - "[Treatment of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis with pentamidine isothionate]." 08/01/2020 - "Refractory mucocutaneous leishmaniasis resolved with combination treatment based on intravenous pentamidine, oral azole, aerosolized liposomal amphotericin B, and intralesional meglumine antimoniate."
10.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 02/01/2000 - "The polyene antibiotic, amphotericin B, the gold standard for systemic fungal infections is also a recommended second line treatment for visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. " 04/01/1997 - "The polyene antibiotic amphotericin B is currently a second-line treatment for visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy 12/01/1992 - "Immunotherapy proved to be effective in the treatment of single cutaneous lesions, multiple cutaneous lesions and in cases of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis. " 07/01/1999 - "Atypical mucocutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis in an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patient: T-cell responses and remission of lesions associated with antigen immunotherapy."
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/1994 - "Nevertheless, patients with visceral leishmaniasis or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, refractory to chemotherapy (antimonium complex), were cured when treated with antimonium in combination with gamma interferon, in spite of different immunological profiles. "
3.	Intramuscular Injections 04/01/2010 - "A 64-year-old man presented with a destructive ulceration of the central face of 23 years' duration, who was diagnosed to have mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, and showed dramatic response to intramuscular injections of sodium stibogluconate. " 01/01/1994 - "In an open trial, longer courses of pentavalent antimonials (Sbv) at sub-optimal doses (10 mg/kg body weight), in association with recombinant human interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) (100 micrograms/m2 of body surface area) were administered, by daily intramuscular injections, to 13 patients with diagnoses of cutaneous or mucocutaneous leishmaniasis unresponsive to Sbv. "
4.	Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) 02/03/2015 - "The present study reports on a 29-year-old HIV-infected individual who developed mucocutaneous leishmaniasis associated with immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) five months following highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). "
5.	Therapeutics 01/05/2022 - "Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis Associated With Anti-TNF Therapy: A Case Report." 03/01/2016 - "One patient developed a severe and fatal mucocutaneous leishmaniasis with no response to conventional antimonial therapy. " 08/01/2012 - "Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis in a patient treated with anti-TNF-α therapy." 11/01/2011 - "[Diagnosis and therapy of cutaneous and mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis in Germany]." 03/01/2010 - "Cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis: emerging therapies and progress in disease management."