Illusions (Auditory Illusions)

The misinterpretation of a real external, sensory experience.

Also Known As:

Auditory Illusions; Auditory Illusion; Visual Illusion; Illusion, Tactile; Visual Illusions; Autokinetic Effect; Autokinetic Illusions; Effect, Autokinetic; Illusions, Auditory; Illusions, Kinesthetic; Illusions, Tactile; Illusions, Visual; Autokinetic Effects; Autokinetic Illusion; Effects, Autokinetic; Illusion; Illusion, Auditory; Illusion, Autokinetic; Illusion, Kinesthetic; Illusion, Visual; Illusions, Autokinetic; Kinesthetic Illusion; Kinesthetic Illusions; Tactile Illusion; Tactile Illusions

Networked: 292 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 30 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hallucinations (Hallucination)
2.	Pain (Aches)
3.	Spinal Cord Injuries (Spinal Cord Injury)
4.	Neuralgia (Stump Neuralgia)
5.	Nocturia

Experts

1.	Newport, Roger: 5 articles (01/2020 - 12/2011)
2.	Stanton, Tasha R: 4 articles (07/2020 - 03/2016)
3.	Bolognini, Nadia: 4 articles (08/2019 - 01/2011)
4.	Moseley, G Lorimer: 4 articles (01/2018 - 01/2012)
5.	Kaneko, Fuminari: 3 articles (01/2022 - 04/2016)
6.	Cavanagh, Patrick: 3 articles (05/2021 - 09/2002)
7.	Mori, Etsuro: 3 articles (10/2018 - 08/2012)
8.	Nishio, Yoshiyuki: 3 articles (10/2018 - 08/2012)
9.	Uchiyama, Makoto: 3 articles (10/2018 - 08/2012)
10.	Yokoi, Kayoko: 3 articles (10/2018 - 08/2012)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Illusions:

1.	Phenytoin (Dilantin)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1987 - "Administration of phenytoin resulted in an improvement in the pseudopsia but it resulted in an aggravation in the visual illusion. "
2.	Digoxin (Digitek)FDA LinkGeneric 08/23/2015 - "Digoxin 0.25 mg qd for atrial fibrillation was prescribed to a 91-year-old woman with an estimated creatinine clearance of 18 ml/min. Over the following 2-3 weeks she developed nausea, vomiting and dysphagia, snowy and blurry vision, photopsia, dyschromatopsia, aggravated pre-existing formed visual hallucinations and proprioceptive illusions. "
3.	CreatinineIBA 08/23/2015 - "Digoxin 0.25 mg qd for atrial fibrillation was prescribed to a 91-year-old woman with an estimated creatinine clearance of 18 ml/min. Over the following 2-3 weeks she developed nausea, vomiting and dysphagia, snowy and blurry vision, photopsia, dyschromatopsia, aggravated pre-existing formed visual hallucinations and proprioceptive illusions. "
4.	Apomorphine FDA Link 01/01/2011 - "Furthermore, apomorphine was tolerated in patients with visual hallucinations, illusions and paranoid ideations while significant improvement in specific non-motor symptoms such as hyperhidrosis, nocturia, urgency of micturition, and fatigue was recorded. "
5.	Retinaldehyde (Retinal)IBA 01/01/2016 - "Moreover, by adopting a variety of two-dimensional size illusions induced by pictorial depth cues (e.g., the Ponzo illusion), previous studies have revealed that the perceived, rather than the retinal, size of an object determines its detection. " 07/01/2015 - "The current study combined both illusions in a factorial design to identify a presumed common central mechanism involved in rescaling retinal into perceived size. " 09/01/1997 - "The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a vibration-induced motor response also occurs in eye muscles, and to check whether the visual illusions actually result from the proprioceptors being activated by the vibration, or whether they are simply due to the retinal slip induced by the reflex eye movement. " 01/01/1966 - "A study of the effect of perfect retinal stabilization of some well-known visual illusions, using the after-image as a method of compensating for eye movements." 07/01/2023 - "We tested the effect of cortical distance on these illusions using two methods: First, we manipulated retinal distance between target and inducers in a two-interval forced choice design, finding that targets appeared larger with a closer surround. "
6.	Analgesics (Analgesic Drugs)IBA 04/01/2022 - "Kinesthetic illusions of movement induced by HF-LV may induce a stronger analgesic effect. " 11/01/2019 - "Repeated and sustained stretch illusions had cumulative analgesic effects but resulted in cumulative increases in swelling. " 01/01/2018 - "Visuotactile illusions are analgesic in people with knee OA. " 11/01/2019 - "This case study was extracted from a larger study evaluating the analgesic effects of resizing illusions in people with knee osteoarthritis. " 01/01/2021 - "PERSPECTIVE: In this article we confirm the analgesic effect of a combined neuromodulatory therapy, transcranial direct current stimulation associated with visual illusion in patients with NP after an SCI. We have identified 5 clusters of NP with distinct sensory phenotypes, but there was not any specific sensory phenotype cluster that significantly responded to the combined therapy better than the other."
7.	2- benzylidene- 3- (cyclohexylamino)- 2,3- dihydro- 1H- inden- 1- oneIBA 01/01/2023 - "This study proposed a novel LMI-BCI paradigm with kinesthetic illusion(KI) induced by vibratory stimulation on Achilles tendon to enhance LMI ability. " 01/01/2018 - "This paper proposes the use of vibration-evoked kinaesthetic illusions as part of a novel multisensory feedback for a motor imagery (MI)-based BCI and investigates its contributions in terms of BCI performance and electroencephalographic (EEG) correlates. " 09/22/2016 - "This finding highlights BCI's potential in inducing stronger agency-driven illusions by building a direct communication between the brain and controlled body, and therefore removing awareness from the subject's own body." 09/22/2016 - "However the delay-robustness of BOT during BCI-control raised a question about the interaction between the proprioceptive inputs and delayed visual feedback in agency-driven illusions. " 01/01/2013 - "To address this, a stimulation system based on 6 coin-motors is developed, which provides a spatially continuous tactile illusion as BCI feedback, so that the visual channel can be devoted to the device. "
8.	Hallucinogens (Psychedelics)IBA 06/01/1990 - "We describe the visual illusions experienced by five patients with a history of previous use of hallucinogens, marijuana, or both. " 01/01/2018 - "Psychedelic Drugs as Therapeutics: No Illusions About the Challenges." 01/01/2018 - "Finally, the hallucinogen-induced parallel decrease of the N170 visual evoked potential and increased medial P1 potential will be discussed as key mechanisms for inducing a dysbalance between global integration and early visual gain that may explain several hallucinogen-induced visual experiences, including visual hallucinations, illusions, and intensifications." 06/19/2013 - "Visual illusions and hallucinations are hallmarks of serotonergic hallucinogen-induced altered states of consciousness. " 11/01/1999 - "Visual illusions characterized by distortion of form, size, reciprocal position of objects, movement, or color, labeled as "Alice in Wonderland" syndrome, were discussed in children with infectious mononucleosis, as well as in other clinical conditions, such as migraine, epilepsy, use of certain hallucinogenic drugs, etc. The purpose of our study was to investigate for the first time visual evoked potential results in children with "Alice in Wonderland" syndrome associated with infectious mononucleosis. "
9.	ElementsIBA 09/01/2015 - "Prior studies have suggested that visually guided actions are resistant to the effects of some pictorial size illusions, e.g., the maximum grip aperture component of a grasp for an element of the Ebbinghaus illusion display. " 01/01/2021 - "These include, in particular, lower accuracy in perception of variables produced by elements involved in a multielement task compared with the same elements in single-element tasks, dissociation between motor and perceptual effects of muscle coactivation, force illusions induced by muscle vibration, and errors in perception of unintentional drifts in performance. " 01/01/2021 - "It also allows predicting new phenomena such as counter-intuitive effects of muscle co-activation of force production and perception, vibration-induced force illusions, performance drifts at two different speeds, and high variability in matching the contribution of individual elements in multi-element tasks. " 01/01/1997 - "The results showed that (1) patterns having large energy and steep saddle-shaped contrast gradients tended to generate stronger illusions, (2) the composite pattern made up of the sum of the fundamental and harmonic components exhibited a stronger illusion than either the fundamental or the harmonic pattern, (3) patterns possessing an element orientation and phase shift similar to those of a rectangular checkerboard, and with element sizes of 15-50 min in width and 4-8 min in height yielded a larger illusion, (4) equiluminant colors largely abolished the effect, and (5) blurring the boundary between the test and surround did not reduce the illusion. "
10.	Aligeron (AS 2)IBA 01/01/2017 - "If encoding and retrieval components of the task occur in the same session, the entire task can take as little as 2 - 30 min. However, although the DRM task is widely considered a 'false memory' paradigm, some researchers consider DRM illusions to be based on the activation of semantic memory networks in the brain, and argue that such semantic gist-based false memory errors may actually be useful in some scenarios (e.g., remembering the forest for the trees; remembering that a word list was about "doctors", even though the actual word "doctor" was never presented for study). " 07/01/2014 - "By combining psychophysics and somatosensory evoked potentials, we explored in healthy humans the neural correlates of 2 compelling tactuo-proprioceptive illusions, namely Aristotle (1 object touching the contact area between 2 crossed fingers is perceived as 2 lateral objects) and Reverse illusions (2 lateral objects are perceived as 1 between crossed-fingers object). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation 01/01/2016 - "A recent study shows that kinesthetic illusion and motor imagery prolong the effects of tDCS on corticospinal excitability, overcoming one of the limitations of this intervention. " 01/01/2021 - "We investigated the causal contribution of early visual cortex to context-dependent visual size perception using the technique of transcranial direct current stimulation and two well-known size illusions (i.e., the Ebbinghaus and Ponzo illusions) and further elucidated the underlying mechanism that mediates the effect of transcranial direct current stimulation over early visual cortex. " 01/01/2021 - "Anodal Occipital Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Enhances Perceived Visual Size Illusions." 01/01/2021 - "Sixty-five patients were given a daily 20-minutes combined treatment of transcranial direct current stimulation and visual illusion for 2 weeks. " 08/01/2019 - "Here we used tDCS to modulate two different visual illusions, namely the Brentano illusion and the glare effect, with the aim of uncovering the influence of top-down mechanisms on bottom-up visual perception in two experiments. "
2.	Telescopes 09/07/2009 - "Known as binocular rivalry, this visual illusion decouples subjective experience from physical stimulation and provides a unique opportunity to study the neural correlates of consciousness. " 01/01/2006 - "This study focuses on a configurational coincidence among six different illusions, two being motion illusions (reversed phi movement and phi movement), two being binocular stereo effects (Anstis-Rogers type and Gregory-Heard type), one being a position illusion (Gregory-Heard illusion), and one being an orientation illusion (Café-Wall-like tilt illusion). " 06/01/1998 - "The present study tested the idea that if subjects rely more on scene-based pictorial cues when binocular cues are not available, then both their perceptual judgements and their grasp might be influenced by pictorial illusions such as the Ebbinghaus (Titchener) Circles Illusion under monocular viewing conditions. " 01/01/2022 - "We tested their abilities to perceive in three dimensions (3D) using a binocular rivalry task and the Brock string task, perceive visual illusions, use cross-modal mappings between touch and vision, and spatially group based on geometric cues. " 01/01/2021 - "First, we did not find any significant differences in the magnitudes of the seven illusions tested with monocular or binocular viewing conditions. "
3.	Mirror Movement Therapy 01/01/2016 - "To identify the neural networks associated with the effect of lower-limbs mirror therapy, we investigated a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of mirror-induced visual illusion of ankle movements. " 01/01/2016 - "The neuronal correlates of mirror therapy: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study on mirror-induced visual illusions of ankle movements." 08/27/2020 - "Relationships in terms of shared neural substrates and mental processes between mirror-induced visual illusion and kinaesthetic motor imagery generate new evidence on the role of the latter in mirror therapy. " 01/01/2017 - "Mirror therapy provides a visual illusion of a normal moving limb by using the mirror reflection of the unaffected arm instead of viewing the paretic limb and is used in rehabilitation to improve hand function. " 01/01/2013 - "Disabling vision of the active hand during mirror therapy was more effective to excite iM1 responses by creating more immersive visual illusion of the active hand."
4.	Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation 11/01/2023 - "The aim of this study was to investigate how corticospinal excitability tested by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is modulated during VIB-induced illusions. " 05/12/2005 - "In the present study, we assessed the perceptual and motor effects of transcranial magnetic stimulation of the sensorimotor cortex during illusions of hand movements evoked by vibration of wrist muscle tendons. " 02/01/2004 - "Recent neuroimaging techniques (PET, fMRI, transcranial magnetic stimulation) have revealed in human brains that motor areas participate in somatic perception of limb movements during kinesthetic illusion in the absence of actual limb movement. " 01/01/2022 - "Unlike previous versions of the full-body illusion that rely upon unwieldy head-mounted displays, this paradigm enables the unobstructed investigation of such illusions with neuroscience methods (e.g., transcranial direct current stimulation, transcranial magnetic stimulation, electroencephalography, and near-infrared spectroscopy) and examination of their neural underpinnings. "
5.	Therapeutics 01/01/2020 - "In particular, cross-modal illusions such as mirror visual feedback therapy (MVFT) have been widely used for motor rehabilitation. " 01/01/2015 - "Such illusions provide important clues to the nature and limits of multisensory integration and how the brain constructs body image; and may potentially inform novel therapies. " 01/01/2012 - "Institutional therapy therefore maintains with realism and without idealistic illusions this double "maturity" goal, without because of this indulging in pessimism on human nature and on incurability: these pessimisms too often have had and still have an auto-justifying function for doing nothing or doing wrong." 07/01/2005 - "Antiretroviral therapy in resource-poor countries: illusions and realities." 07/01/2000 - "Positive illusions about oneself are associated with indexes of mental health; this is consistent with treating therapy as positive identity development. "