Hyperparathyroidism

A condition of abnormally elevated output of PARATHYROID HORMONE (or PTH) triggering responses that increase blood CALCIUM. It is characterized by HYPERCALCEMIA and BONE RESORPTION, eventually leading to bone diseases. PRIMARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is caused by parathyroid HYPERPLASIA or PARATHYROID NEOPLASMS. SECONDARY HYPERPARATHYROIDISM is increased PTH secretion in response to HYPOCALCEMIA, usually caused by chronic KIDNEY DISEASES.

Networked: 4867 relevant articles (209 outcomes, 343 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Hypercalcemia (Milk Alkali Syndrome)
2.	Chronic Kidney Failure (Chronic Renal Failure)
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
4.	Osteoporosis
5.	Osteomalacia

Experts

1.	Chen, Herbert: 33 articles (01/2022 - 05/2002)
2.	Tominaga, Yoshihiro: 23 articles (01/2022 - 03/2002)
3.	Fukagawa, Masafumi: 22 articles (10/2019 - 09/2003)
4.	Sippel, Rebecca S: 14 articles (01/2016 - 05/2003)
5.	Evenepoel, Pieter: 12 articles (01/2022 - 05/2004)
6.	Goto, Norihiko: 10 articles (01/2022 - 05/2005)
7.	Hiramitsu, Takahisa: 10 articles (01/2022 - 06/2010)
8.	Jorgetti, Vanda: 10 articles (04/2021 - 03/2007)
9.	Brandi, Maria Luisa: 10 articles (01/2021 - 06/2002)
10.	Duh, Quan-Yang: 10 articles (01/2020 - 12/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Hyperparathyroidism:

1.	CalciumIBA 01/01/1983 - "The combined evaluation of serum iPTH and calcium may improve the diagnosis for hyperparathyroidism and was in our series helpful in making a correct diagnosis in 2 out of 7 patients who had histologically verified disease. " 01/01/1981 - "Although pathologic parathyroid tissue could not be identified it is concluded from postoperative normalisation of calcium levels that hyperparathyroidism had been cured by surgery. " 06/01/1974 - "Improved diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism: use of serum-ionized calcium and tubular reabsorption of calcium." 12/01/2001 - "a) To study the nature and severity of neuropsychiatric manifestations in patients of hyperparathyroidism before surgery and their outcome after surgery b) To study their correlation with levels of serum calcium. " 10/01/1992 - "This study indicates that factors other than elevated serum calcium levels are in large part responsible for the symptoms of hyperparathyroidism and that these patients benefit from operation."
2.	Cinacalcet (Sensipar)FDA Link 02/01/2004 - "The present findings provide compelling evidence that cinacalcet HCl is a potent and stereoselective activator of the parathyroid CaR and, as such, might be beneficial in the treatment of hyperparathyroidism." 03/31/2015 - "At the end of the period of treatment with cinacalcet, for both variants of hyperparathyroidism, a statistically significant reduction in the overall number and in the diameter of renal stones was found. " 01/01/2017 - "Cinacalcet appears to be an effective treatment of hypercalcemic hyperparathyroidism in kidney transplant recipients. " 12/01/2010 - "Cinacalcet was effective in treating posttransplant hyperparathyroidism, resulting in decreased calcemia and transient decreased iPTH. " 03/01/2005 - "Cinacalcet HCl: a novel therapeutic for hyperparathyroidism."
3.	Parathyroid Hormone (Parathormone)IBA 01/01/2002 - "During the last five years, minimally invasive procedures have been adopted for the surgical treatment of hyperparathyroidism, because preoperative localization studies such as high-resolution ultrasonography and sestamibi scintigraphy, guidance by intraoperative scans, and the use of quick, intraoperative parathyroid hormone assay have improved. " 11/01/2020 - "These studies suggest that parathyroid surgery appears to be effective in normalizing elevated serum parathyroid hormone concentrations and decreasing adverse renal and skeletal outcomes in patients with normocalcaemic hyperparathyroidism. " 06/01/2010 - "Calcimimetics are effective in lowering serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels in hyperparathyroidism (HPT). " 09/01/2011 - "Intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IoPTH) testing is useful in the management of hyperparathyroidism. " 08/01/1995 - "Comparing the drop in intact parathormone levels between cured patients and those with persistent hyperparathyroidism after surgery showed statistically significant differences. "
4.	Vitamin DFDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1994 - "The i.v. bolus administration of 1 alpha hydroxylated vitamin D derivatives is effective in the treatment of uremic hyperparathyroidism. " 08/01/2011 - "Previous reports have indicated that Vitamin D status can be improved without adverse effects in hyperparathyroidism. " 07/01/2009 - "Treatment with vitamin D produced a slight improvement in the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism." 10/01/1987 - "A regression of hyperparathyroidism and improvement in vitamin D status are the cause of this phenomenon." 01/01/2018 - "Further studies are needed to establish the association between vitamin D levels, renal disorders and persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism."
5.	Calcitriol (Calcijex)FDA LinkGeneric 03/12/1994 - "The administration of intravenous calcitriol at high and intermittent doses is effective in a considerable number of patients with hyperparathyroidism resistant to the classical oral schedules. " 01/01/1996 - "Calcitriol is effective in suppressing PTH levels in haemodialysis patients with hyperparathyroidism but has a low therapeutic index. " 11/01/1995 - "The current study evaluates the use of intravenous (IV) calcitriol in 10 patients with severe hyperparathyroidism (HPTH). " 01/01/2020 - "Pathophysiology of hyperparathyroidism is only partially understood but FGF23 excess and deficient production of calcitriol likely contributes to its development. " 01/01/2016 - "They represent a complex group who frequently has hyperparathyroidism and decreased calcitriol levels, and each may predispose to fractures. "
6.	Phosphates (Orthophosphate)IBA 01/01/2013 - "Of note, in this latter study, calcification of the coronary arteries and abdominal aorta actually increased, rather than decreased, during treatment with these drugs in the face of evidence of negative phosphate balance and amelioration of hyperparathyroidism. " 03/01/1971 - "The use of discriminant functions in laboratory medicine: evaluation of phosphate clearance studies in the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism." 10/01/1962 - "[Study of the renal transfer of inorganic phosphates for the diagnosis of hyperparathyroidism]." 03/01/1932 - "STUDIES IN PARATHYROID PHYSIOLOGY: III. The Effect of Phosphate Ingestion in Clinical Hyperparathyroidism." 01/01/2023 - "Hyperparathyroidism (HPT) including secondary HPT (SHPT) and tertiary HPT (THPT) in TIO patients, which is believed to be associated with phosphate supplementation, has not been well documented. "
7.	Phosphorus (Red Phosphorus)IBA 01/01/2022 - "Participants with CKD and the minor allele of rs4074995 (RGS14) had lower phosphorus, lower plasma FGF23, and lower prevalence of hyperparathyroidism. " 01/01/2015 - "The management of hyperparathyroidism in dialysis requires control of phosphorus level. " 03/04/2014 - "This case illustrates the risk of tertiary hyperparathyroidism as a complication of treatment for hypophosphataemia; it highlights the morbidity associated with hungry bone syndrome and provides novel insight into renal handling of phosphorus." 07/01/2009 - "This effect was mediated via a better control of hyperparathyroidism including serum Ca and phosphorus. " 05/01/1993 - "The importance of high plasma phosphorus levels in the pathogenesis of hyperparathyroidism is concisely discussed. "
8.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link 03/01/1999 - "The following biological tests are mandatory to confirm this diagnosis: CaP workup and plasma level of PTH; urine cAMP measurement after PTH challenge; Evaluation of protein Gs activity In this study of 20 cases displays will be reviewed the different radiological findings seen in patients with PsHP and the relative value discussed, such as narrowing of the spinal canal and presence of bony findings of hyperparathyroidism." 04/01/1996 - "In the present study, we investigated whether expression of the Ca2+o-sensing receptor protein recently cloned from bovine parathyroid, a key component in Ca2+o-regulated PTH release, is altered in primary and uremic hyperparathyroidism. " 01/01/2022 - "These findings support the role of extreme PTH level in protein-energy wasting emphasizing the importance of early management of hyperparathyroidism." 11/01/2000 - "PTH was directly correlated with protein catabolic rate (r = 0.61; P<0.05) and length of dialysis (r = 0.53; P<0.05) only in the hyperparathyroidism group. " 11/01/2000 - "Protein catabolic rate tended to be higher in the hyperparathyroidism group compared to the control group (1.3 vs 0.9 g kg(-1) day(-1); P = 0.08). "
9.	paricalcitol (Zemplar)FDA Link 06/01/2013 - "Oral paricalcitol is effective in decreasing posttransplant hyperparathyroidism and may have beneficial effects on renal allograft histology." 06/01/2013 - "Oral paricalcitol reduces the prevalence of posttransplant hyperparathyroidism: results of an open label randomized trial." 06/01/2013 - "One-year posttransplant, 29% of paricalcitol-treated subjects had hyperparathyroidism compared with 63% of untreated patients (p = 0.0005). " 09/01/2014 - "Suppression of PTH may be a useful strategy for skeletal improvement in XLH patients with hyperparathyroidism, and paricalcitol appears to be an effective adjunct to standard therapy in this setting. " 01/01/2011 - "In conclusion, paricalcitol is effective for treating hyperparathyroidism in patients on peritoneal dialysis and seems also to have an antiproteinuric effect in these patients."
10.	alfacalcidolIBA 05/01/2005 - "Among the treatment groups, alfacalcidol significantly improved the hyperparathyroidism. " 11/01/2004 - "Reversal of persistent hyperparathyroidism with the use of alfacalcidol may contribute to a decrease in skeletal morbidity." 12/01/1995 - "Alphacalcidol oral pulses normalize uremic hyperparathyroidism prior to dialysis." 12/01/1994 - "A comparison of oral and intravenous alfacalcidol in the treatment of uremic hyperparathyroidism." 03/01/1993 - "Furthermore, treatment of hyperparathyroidism with alfacalcidol may result in reductions in both [Ca2+]i and blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)"

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Parathyroidectomy 06/01/2014 - "Parathyroidectomy is the most cost-effective treatment for hyperparathyroidism. " 02/01/2007 - "Subtotal or total parathyroidectomy with reimplant represents the treatment of choice in refractory hyperparathyroidism with good results in most of the series reviewed." 02/01/1998 - "While relatively long periods of disease remission are possible after subtotal parathyroidectomy, our results indicate that recurrent hyperparathyroidism eventually develops in most patients with MEN 1." 08/01/2021 - "Through either minimally invasive parathyroidectomy or bilateral cervical exploration, surgeons provide high rates of cure for hyperparathyroidism with low rates of persistence or recurrence." 01/01/2018 - "Hyperparathyroidism significantly decreases quality of life, yet elderly patients are underdiagnosed and undertreated even though parathyroidectomy offers definitive cure with minimal morbidity. "
2.	Therapeutics 01/01/2022 - "There are no clear guidelines or long-term studies about the impact of hyperparathyroidism therapy. " 01/01/2021 - "The aims of this study were to determine the rate of ectopic and supernumerary parathyroid glands and the outcome of surgical therapy in patients with refractory renal hyperparathyroidism. " 01/01/2001 - "The third patient was a 84-year-old woman with CLL who continued to deteriorate despite response to therapy, further studies confirmed hyperparathyroidism Physiopathogenic mechanisms of this association are discussed. " 06/01/1975 - "Final resolution of conditional therapy in azotemic hyperparathyroidism awaits the completion of objective studies." 01/01/2023 - "[S2k guideline "Surgical therapy of primary and renal hyperparathyroidism"]."
3.	Kidney Transplantation 10/01/2011 - "This study suggests the need for testing of other interventions used for treatment of hyperparathyroidism which may help to offer better management of MBD after kidney transplantation." 11/24/2023 - "Treatment of Hypercalcemic Hyperparathyroidism After Kidney Transplantation Is Associated With Improved Allograft Survival." 01/01/2023 - "To explore the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided microwave ablation (MWA) for tertiary hyperparathyroidism (THPT) in patients with renal transplantation (RT). " 12/22/2022 - "Therefore, the aim of our systematic review was to evaluate the efficacy of persistent hyperparathyroidism treatment in patients following kidney transplantation. " 01/01/1998 - "We concluded that spontaneous resolution of hyperparathyroidism after renal transplantation is uncommon. "
4.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 03/01/2022 - "This study recruited 30 participants including 10 healthy persons, 10 hemodialysis, and 10 hyperparathyroidism patients. " 01/01/2015 - "This study investigated the epidemiology of torus palatinus (TP) and torus mandibularis (TM) in hemodialysis patients and analyzed the influences of hyperparathyroidism on the formation of oral tori. " 01/01/2005 - "In conclusion, our study makes clear that hyperparathyroidism is a great threat to bone density in hemodialysis patients, mainly in the legs, the site mostly affected by fragility fractures in our patients. " 01/01/1996 - "A clinical correlative study of bone densitometric changes in hemodialysis patients with hyperparathyroidism." 12/01/1994 - "In this study, 16 hemodialysis patients with mild to moderate hyperparathyroidism were assigned, after a 4-wk run-in period, to receive a 6-wk course of either thrice-weekly i.v. or p.o. "
5.	Autologous Transplantation 07/01/1998 - "We therefore suggest that autotransplantation of a parathyroid gland into forearm subcutaneous tissue for renal hyperparathyroidism is as effective as autotransplantation into forearm muscles and can be done easier." 08/20/2019 - "Parathyroid autotransplantation is an increasingly common procedure given the increasing rate of hyperparathyroidism. " 03/01/2011 - "Delayed autotransplantation with cryopreservation is typically used in patients with persistent or recurrent hyperparathyroidism who require repeated cervical exploration. " 02/01/2011 - "Recurrent hyperparathyroidism after autotransplantation requiring surgical excision of the autograft is uncommon. " 08/01/2009 - "PTX without autotransplantation of parathyroid glands excludes the risk for recurrence of hyperparathyroidism. "