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Hepatic Encephalopathy

A syndrome characterized by central nervous system dysfunction in association with LIVER FAILURE, including portal-systemic shunts. Clinical features include lethargy and CONFUSION (frequently progressing to COMA); ASTERIXIS; NYSTAGMUS, PATHOLOGIC; brisk oculovestibular reflexes; decorticate and decerebrate posturing; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; and bilateral extensor plantar reflexes (see REFLEX, BABINSKI). ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY may demonstrate triphasic waves. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1117-20; Plum & Posner, Diagnosis of Stupor and Coma, 3rd ed, p222-5)
Also Known As:
Encephalopathy, Hepatocerebral; Encephalopathy, Portal-Systemic; Encephalopathy, Portosystemic; Fulminant Hepatic Failure with Cerebral Edema; Hepatic Coma; Hepatic Stupor; Hepatocerebral Encephalopathy; Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy; Coma, Hepatic; Comas, Hepatic; Encephalopathies, Hepatic; Encephalopathies, Hepatocerebral; Encephalopathies, Portal-Systemic; Encephalopathies, Portosystemic; Encephalopathy, Portal Systemic; Hepatic Comas; Hepatic Encephalopathies; Hepatic Stupors; Hepatocerebral Encephalopathies; Portal Systemic Encephalopathy; Portal-Systemic Encephalopathies; Portosystemic Encephalopathies; Stupor, Hepatic; Stupors, Hepatic; Encephalopathy, Hepatic; Portosystemic Encephalopathy
Networked: 5782 relevant articles (404 outcomes, 632 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1. Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
2. Ascites
3. Hemorrhage
4. Liver Cirrhosis (Hepatic Cirrhosis)
5. Hyperammonemia

Experts

1. Felipo, Vicente: 51 articles (01/2022 - 12/2005)
2. Bajaj, Jasmohan S: 44 articles (04/2022 - 04/2005)
3. Vilstrup, Hendrik: 41 articles (01/2022 - 01/2003)
4. Butterworth, Roger F: 36 articles (06/2021 - 05/2002)
5. Jalan, Rajiv: 30 articles (01/2022 - 11/2002)
6. Häussinger, Dieter: 30 articles (01/2020 - 05/2002)
7. Riggio, Oliviero: 27 articles (01/2022 - 03/2003)
8. Sharma, Barjesh Chander: 25 articles (01/2022 - 09/2009)
9. Albrecht, Jan: 24 articles (06/2021 - 02/2004)
10. Montoliu, Carmina: 23 articles (02/2022 - 05/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:
1. Rifaximin (L 105)FDA Link
2. Lactulose (Duphalac)FDA LinkGeneric
3. AmmoniaIBA
4. ornithylaspartateIBA
5. BilirubinIBA
6. Proteins (Proteins, Gene)FDA Link
7. Flumazenil (Romazicon)FDA LinkGeneric
8. AlbuminsIBA
9. Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA
10. Amino AcidsFDA Link

Therapies and Procedures

1. Therapeutics
2. Transjugular Intrahepatic Portasystemic Shunt
3. Surgical Portasystemic Shunt (Portosystemic Shunt)
4. Liver Transplantation
5. Stents