Hepatic Encephalopathy

2673  relevant articles (151 outcomes, 279 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Encephalopathy, Hepatocerebral; Encephalopathy, Portal-Systemic; Encephalopathy, Portosystemic; Fulminant Hepatic Failure with Cerebral Edema; Hepatic Coma; Hepatic Stupor; Hepatocerebral Encephalopathy; Portal-Systemic Encephalopathy; Coma, Hepatic; Comas, Hepatic; Encephalopathies, Hepatic; Encephalopathies, Hepatocerebral; Encephalopathies, Portal-Systemic; Encephalopathies, Portosystemic; Encephalopathy, Portal Systemic; Hepatic Comas; Hepatic Encephalopathies; Hepatic Stupors; Hepatocerebral Encephalopathies; Portal Systemic Encephalopathy; Portal-Systemic Encephalopathies; Portosystemic Encephalopathies; Stupor, Hepatic; Stupors, Hepatic; Encephalopathy, Hepatic; Portosystemic Encephalopathy

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
2.	Liver Cirrhosis (Hepatic Cirrhosis)
3.	Hyperammonemia
4.	Acute Liver Failure (Fulminant Hepatic Failure)
5.	Coma (Comas)

Experts

1.	Butterworth, Roger F: 8 articles (09/2006 - 12/2002)
2.	Jalan, R: 5 articles (03/2007 - 04/2000)
3.	Ahboucha, Samir: 5 articles (09/2006 - 11/2003)
4.	Als-Nielsen, B: 5 articles (01/2004 - 01/2001)
5.	Gluud, C: 5 articles (01/2004 - 01/2001)
6.	Felipo, Vicente: 4 articles (12/2007 - 12/2006)
7.	Malaguarnera, Mariano: 4 articles (11/2007 - 01/2003)
8.	Jalan, Rajiv: 4 articles (08/2007 - 01/2004)
9.	Swapna, I: 4 articles (06/2007 - 08/2006)
10.	Senthilkumaran, B: 4 articles (06/2007 - 08/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Hepatic Encephalopathy:

1.	Lactulose (Duphalac)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1994 - "In contrast, the time required for a lactulose load to reach the cecum was significantly greater in the patients with hepatic encephalopathy (p < 0.01) and increased as a function of the hepatic encephalopathy grade.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)" 02/14/2005 - "AIM: To compare the efficacy of probiotic preparation Golden Bifid and lactulose on rat experimental model of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) induced by thioactamide (TAA). " 07/10/2003 - "OBJECTIVE: To observe the natural history of subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (SHE) and to compare the efficacy of long-term and short-term treatment of lactulose. " 04/01/2003 - "OBJECTIVE: To observe the long-term clinical efficacy of lactulose in patients with subclinical hepatic encephalopathy (SHE) and the natural history of this disease. " 04/01/2003 - "[Long-term efficacy of lactulose in patients with subclinical hepatic encephalopathy]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	AmmoniaIBA 09/01/2003 - "Serum biochemical parameters and blood ammonia levels, liver histology, stage of hepatic encephalopathy, and survival were statistically significantly improved in TAA-intoxicated and rG-CSF-treated rats compared to TAA-intoxicated and saline-treated ones. " 12/01/2003 - "pylori has been shown to improve the blood ammonia levels and hepatic encephalopathy." 07/01/2009 - "CONTEXT: Experimental and clinical studies suggest that LOLA may have a favorable influence on hepatic encephalopathy due to the effect on the reduction of ammonia, and improvement of the symptoms and laboratory findings. " 05/25/2007 - "This study adds weight to a growing body of evidence demonstrating that ammonia leads to dysfunctional monoaminergic systems in brain which may underlie neurological symptoms associated with human disorders such as hepatic encephalopathy." 09/01/2005 - "Hippocrates 2500 years ago described 'encephalopathy' simply translated as 'inside head suffering.' Over 1500 papers have been written on hepatic encephalopathy since 1966, but only a minority of these actually refer to the original observation of hepatic encephalopathy and the link with ammonia made by Marcel Nencki and Ivan Pavlov in 1893 with very little acknowledgement being made to the early landmark studies which described the importance of the muscle and kidneys in maintaining ammonia homeostasis as well as the liver and gut. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Flumazenil (Romazicon)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/1995 - "CONCLUSIONS: The infusion of 0.4-1 mg flumazenil results in a modest but rapid improvement in the EEG grading of hepatic encephalopathy and to a moderate but delayed improvement in the clinical grade of hepatic encephalopathy." 03/01/2006 - "Is flumazenil an effective treatment for hepatic encephalopathy?" 01/01/1994 - "To test this possibility, we conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial of the efficacy of flumazenil in cirrhotic patients in hepatic coma. " 04/01/1995 - "During 12 episodes of hepatic encephalopathy, flumazenil was administered and the EEG recording improved within 7 min (range 4-47 min; 12 out of 18 cases; 66 versus 0% for flumazenil versus placebo, respectively; P < 0.01); a modest clinical improvement in hepatic encephalopathy was observed within 83 min (range 30-340 min). " 09/01/1991 - "Only slight improvement in clinical hepatic encephalopathy grade was seen after administration of 25 mg/kg of flumazenil. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	BilirubinIBA 11/01/2005 - "hepatic encephalopathy) and the laboratory indices (serum total bilirubin and prothrombin time) of the treatment group patients were obviously improved compared with those of the control group patients (P < 0.05). " 01/01/2003 - "Bilirubin levels and hepatic encephalopathy improved under MARS therapy. " 07/01/1989 - "PE effectively decreased serum bilirubin and/or improved hepatic encephalopathy in six of eight patients and prolonged survival time (p less than 0.05, chi-square test). " 05/01/2007 - "Of these, 9 (13%) patients with severely decompensated liver function (serum bilirubin> 350 micromol/L [20 mg/dL] and/or hepatic encephalopathy > or = grade 2) received pre-LT MARS treatment. " 01/01/2007 - "Patients were considered to have severe AVH-B if they fulfilled 2 of 3 criteria: (1) hepatic encephalopathy; (2) serum bilirubin > or = 10.0 mg/dL; and (3) international normalized ratio (INR) > or = 1.6. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	lactitolIBA 02/01/1995 - "[Lactitol suppresses the disturbance of consciousness caused by experimentally induced hepatic encephalopathy in rats: an EEG study]" 11/01/1994 - "A perinatal and postnatal study of lactitol, a hepatic encephalopathy drug was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. " 11/01/1994 - "A teratogenicity study of lactitol, a hepatic encephalopathy drug, was conducted in Sprague-Dawley rats. " 11/01/1994 - "13-week repeated dose toxicity studies were conducted on lactitol, a hepatic encephalopathy drug. " 11/01/1994 - "The single dose toxicity studies of lactitol, a hepatic encephalopathy drug, were performed in ddY mice and SD rats of both sexes by administering the drug orally, intravenously or subcutaneously. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	ornithylaspartateIBA 11/01/2008 - "CONCLUSION: L-ornithine-L-aspartate infusions were found to be effective in cirrhotic patients with hepatic encephalopathy." 06/01/2005 - "CONCLUSION: L-ornithine-L-aspartate is effective for hepatic encephalopathy and has not obvious side effect." 06/01/1998 - "L-ornithine-L-aspartate in experimental portal-systemic encephalopathy: therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of action." 05/01/1998 - "Also, the mental state grade (p<0.05) and the Portosystemic Encephalopathy Index (p<0.01), improved to a much greater degree in the L-ornithine-L-aspartate group than in the placebo group. " 11/01/2008 - "OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of L-ornithine-L-aspartate in treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	rifaximin (L 105)FDA Link 10/15/2007 - "In contrast, rifaximin is safe and effective in hepatic encephalopathy, but is more expensive. " 08/01/2008 - "RESULTS: Rifaximin was effective in improving behavioral, laboratory, mental status, and intellectual abnormalities associated with hepatic encephalopathy. " 10/15/2007 - "CONCLUSIONS: Rifaximin monotherapy is not cost-effective in the treatment of chronic hepatic encephalopathy at current average wholesale prices. " 06/30/2005 - "Rifaximin has been reported to be effective for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) in Europe. " 08/01/2008 - "Well-designed studies are needed to fully delineate the efficacy of rifaximin and other pharmacologic treatments for patients with hepatic encephalopathy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Sorbitol (Yal)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2002 - "Hepatic plasma flow was estimated in patients with acute liver failure after development of hepatic encephalopathy grade III, by the use of liver vein catheterization and continuous infusion of sorbitol. " 06/01/1981 - "Sorbitol solution has been used to a control substance of evaluating the efficacy of lactulose therapy for hepatic encephalopathy (HE). " 03/01/1998 - "Hepatic plasma flow estimated according to Fick's principle in patients with hepatic encephalopathy: evaluation of indocyanine green and D-sorbitol as test substances." 09/01/1984 - "Portal systemic encephalopathy-sorbitol--a potential replacement for lactulose." 05/01/1983 - "These findings indicate that both sorbitol and lactulose are extensively fermented by the colonic flora and that the possibility of replacing lactulose with the much cheaper sorbitol in the treatment of portal-systemic encephalopathy ought to be investigated. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	NeomycinFDA LinkGeneric 07/28/2001 - "Neomycin should not be used to treat hepatic encephalopathy." 12/01/1992 - "The time elapsed between the initiation of the therapeutic procedure and regression to grade zero of hepatic encephalopathy was 39.11 +/- 23.04 hours for the group of active neomycin, and 49.47 +/- 21.92 hours for the placebo group, but this difference did not achieve statistical significance." 12/01/1992 - "The therapy for hepatic encephalopathy consisted in the control of precipitating factors associated with 6 g of neomycin sulfate "per os" or placebo. " 12/01/1992 - "Over a period of five years, 102 cirrhotic patients developed hepatic encephalopathy at admission or during hospitalization, and 39 were randomized for treatment with either neomycin sulfate or placebo. " 12/01/1992 - "Double-blind randomized clinical trial comparing neomycin and placebo in the treatment of exogenous hepatic encephalopathy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Thioacetamide (Thioacetamid)IBA 09/01/1996 - "In the present study we compared the brain uptake index (BUI) for radiolabelled ORN, ARG and LYS in control rats and in rats treated with thioacetamide (TAA) to induce hepatic encephalopathy (HE). " 06/11/2007 - "Alterations in kinetic and thermotropic properties of cerebral membrane-bound acetylcholineesterase during thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy: correlation with membrane lipid changes." 09/01/2006 - "Changes in cerebral membrane lipid composition and fluidity during thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy." 09/01/1999 - "Thioacetamide (TAA), a hepatotoxin used to ascertain the role of astrocytes in hepatic encephalopathy, was administered to prepare four experimental groups of rats. " 04/01/1999 - "Rats were treated with a hepatotoxin thioacetamide (TAA) and examined 21 days later, when they showed moderate fatty metamorphosis of the liver and morphological changes in brain indicative of excitotoxic neuronal damage, but no evident biochemical or neurophysiological symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Surgical Portasystemic Shunt (Portosystemic Shunt) 05/01/2005 - "Pharmacological prophylaxis of hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: a randomized controlled study." 03/01/2003 - "The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility of constrained endografts used for the treatment of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS)-related refractory hepatic encephalopathy (HE). " 04/01/1995 - "OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of new or worsened hepatic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) and to ascertain which clinical characteristics are associated with this complication. " 07/01/1994 - "Portosystemic encephalopathy after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt: results of a prospective controlled study." 02/01/1987 - "[Radiological studies on the portosystemic shunts in portal-systemic encephalopathy]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Liver Transplantation 08/01/2003 - "These were associated with a improvement of the patients' clinical conditions including hepatic encephalopathy, deranged hemodynamic situation, as well as renal and respiratory function, thus resulted into marked decrease of sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (from 9.72+-1.89 to 6.98+-2.34), and improving outcome: 9 patients were able to be discharged from the hospital or bridged to successful liver transplantation. " 06/01/2007 - "P300 cognitive evoked potentials have been shown to be effective for the assessment of mild hepatic encephalopathy but no investigations of their use with liver transplantation has been conducted. " 04/01/1992 - "Surgical haemostatis with partial or total resection of the colonoplasty was only temporarily effective in our patient, who subsequently underwent liver transplantation due to repeated episodes of hepatic encephalopathy. " 07/01/2002 - "The aim of this study is to evaluate the role of spectral electroencephalogram (EEG) analysis ((S)EEG) in quantitating brain dysfunction in cirrhotic patients, showing conditions of minimal hepatic encephalopathy (HE), and determining the impact of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) on its correction. " 10/01/1992 - "This study investigated the extent to which severity of hepatic encephalopathy before orthotopic liver transplantation correlated with quality of life. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Renal Dialysis (Hemodialysis) 11/01/1977 - "It is concluded that the hemodialysis is quite an effective treatment for the recurrent type of hepatic encephalopathy." 06/01/1976 - "In this study, the effects of conventional hemodialysis on experimental hepatic coma have been compared with those of hemodialysis against blood from a normal donor which allows exchanges without mixing of blood. " 09/01/2004 - "Hemodialysis-related portal-systemic encephalopathy." 11/01/1979 - "High-permeability membrane hemodialysis and hemofiltration in acute hepatic coma: experimental and clinical results." 06/01/1976 - "Hemodialysis versus cross hemodialysis in experimental hepatic coma." Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 07/01/2003 - "RESULTS: In all patients, complete obliteration or nearly complete obliteration was confirmed angiographically, and symptoms related to portal-systemic encephalopathy improved after treatment. " 10/01/2005 - "RESULTS: After treatment with SAD, the clinical symptoms and signs were improved and the hemodynamics were stabilized, complications were ameliorated partially, in particular hepatic encephalopathy was improved, with low incidence of adverse reaction, and the effective rate and survival rate were high. " 02/22/2003 - "Before and after treatment, portosystemic encephalopathy (PSE) stage and number connection test (NCT) scores were checked every half hour for 5 hours. " 01/01/1997 - "Hepatic coma was not observed after treatment. " 01/01/2006 - "She had a 4-month history of repeated hepatic encephalopathy which persisted after treatment with oral medicine. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Surgical Portacaval Shunt (Portacaval Anastomosis) 11/01/1988 - "The objective of this study was to assess the prognostic value of spontaneous portosystemic shunting and liver function for survival and spontaneous hepatic encephalopathy after end-to-side portacaval shunt in cirrhotic patients. " 06/01/1977 - "A sequential light and electron microscopic study of cerebral cortex was performed in a rat model of portal-systemic encephalopathy produced by creating a portacaval shunt and followed by ammoniate resin feedings. " 12/01/2009 - "Learning ability is also impaired in rats with hepatic encephalopathy due to portacaval shunts. " 10/01/1998 - "Portacaval anastomosis (PCA) in the rat is used as a model for portal systemic encephalopathy. " 07/01/1997 - "The portacaval shunt in the rat is a frequently used experimental model of portosystemic encephalopathy. " Order ALL the reference details at left...