Guanosine Pentaphosphate

Guanosine 5'-triphosphate 2'(3')-diphosphate. A guanine nucleotide containing five phosphate groups. Three phosphate groups are esterified to the sugar moiety in the 5' position and the other two in the 2' or 3' position. This nucleotide serves as a messenger to turn off the synthesis of ribosomal RNA when amino acids are not available for protein synthesis.

Also Known As:

Guanosine 3'-Diphosphate 5'-Triphosphate; 3'-Diphosphate 5'-Triphosphate, Guanosine; 5'-Triphosphate, Guanosine 3'-Diphosphate; Guanosine 3' Diphosphate 5' Triphosphate; Pentaphosphate, Guanosine; pppGpp, Alarmone; (p)ppGpp; Alarmone; Alarmone pppGpp; Bacterial Magic Spot pppGpp; ppprGpp; Guanosine 5'-(tetrahydrogen triphosphate), 3'-(trihydrogen diphosphate)

Networked: 195 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 5 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Wang, Jue D: 8 articles (01/2022 - 04/2008)
2.	Roghanian, Mohammad: 7 articles (11/2021 - 01/2016)
3.	Hauryliuk, Vasili: 6 articles (11/2021 - 01/2016)
4.	Bhadra, Rupak K: 6 articles (01/2020 - 08/2003)
5.	Lemos, José A: 6 articles (01/2020 - 04/2009)
6.	Cashel, Michael: 5 articles (10/2020 - 06/2002)
7.	Chatterji, Dipankar: 5 articles (01/2020 - 05/2005)
8.	Das, Bhabatosh: 5 articles (01/2020 - 03/2008)
9.	Burne, Robert A: 4 articles (01/2020 - 02/2011)
10.	Colomer-Winter, Cristina: 4 articles (01/2020 - 01/2014)

Related Diseases

1.	Starvation 11/29/2023 - "These mechanisms include the starvation-dependent regulation of DnaA abundance as well as mechanisms involving the small signaling molecule (p)ppGpp. " 11/27/2023 - "By contrast, our data suggest that low (p)ppGpp levels under P starvation allow P-starved swarmer cells to differentiate into sessile stalked cells. " 11/27/2023 - "During C and N starvation, production of the signaling molecules (p)ppGpp is required to arrest cell development in the motile swarmer stage. " 01/01/2023 - "Investigations of the stringent response typically employ experimental methodologies that rapidly stimulate (p)ppGpp synthesis by abruptly increasing the fraction of uncharged tRNAs, either by explicit amino starvation or by inhibition of tRNA charging. " 01/01/2023 - "Under extreme conditions such as nutrient starvation, (p)ppGpp-mediated stringent response is crucial for the survival of bacterial cells. "
2.	Infections 01/01/2020 - "Collectively, these investigations indicate that (p)ppGpp synthesized by SpoT serves a unique function in the adaptation of Salmonella to the intracellular environment of host phagocytes that cannot be compensated by the presence of a functional RelA.IMPORTANCE Pathogenic bacteria experience nutritional challenges during colonization and infection of mammalian hosts. " 01/01/2019 - "In Firmicutes, the nutrient-sensing regulators (p)ppGpp, the effector molecule of the stringent response, and CodY work in tandem to maintain bacterial fitness during infection. " 01/01/2018 - "Bacteria cannot survive in hosts and produce infection without activating the (p)ppGpp-mediated stringent response, but it is not yet understood how the enzymatic activities of RSHs are controlled. " 05/01/2016 - "Most genes regulated by CpxRA, RpoE, Hfq, (p)ppGpp, and DksA, which control the expression of virulence determinants and adaptation to a variety of stresses, were not differentially expressed in vivo, suggesting that these systems are cycling on and off during infection. " 04/01/2015 - "Of particular interest is the intimate relationship of (p)ppGpp with persister cell formation and virulence, which has spurred the pursuit of (p)ppGpp inhibitors as a means to control recalcitrant infections. "
3.	Polyps 01/01/2019 - "Previous studies have hypothesized a model for regulation of polyP synthesis in which production of the stringent-response second messenger (p)ppGpp directly stimulates polyP accumulation. " 01/01/2012 - "Fourth, the cells initiated global response signals ((p)ppGpp, polyP, and Sec-SRP) to bring the whole cell into a state of response to the stress. " 01/01/1999 - "However, mutants lacking PhoB, the response regulator of the Pho regulon, fail to accumulate polyP even in the face of high levels of (p)ppGpp. " 01/01/1999 - "Inhibition by (p)ppGpp of PPX interrupts the dynamic balance between the synthesis of polyP by PPK and its hydrolysis by PPX, accounting for polyP accumulation. " 04/01/1998 - "Hence, accumulation of polyP requires a functional phoB gene and elevated levels of (p)ppGpp. "
4.	Sepsis (Septicemia) 01/01/2019 - "Collectively, data from this study identify the (p)ppGpp-CodY network as an important contributor to enterococcal virulence in catheterized mouse bladder and support that basal (p)ppGpp pools and CodY promote virulence through maintenance of a balanced metabolism under adverse conditions.IMPORTANCE Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are one of the most frequent types of infection found in the hospital setting that can develop into serious and potentially fatal bloodstream infections. "
5.	Urinary Tract Infections (Urinary Tract Infection) 01/01/2019 - "Here, we tested (p)ppGpp and codY mutant strains of Enterococcus faecalis in a catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) mouse model and used global transcriptional analysis to investigate the relationship of (p)ppGpp and CodY. " 01/01/2019 - "(p)ppGpp and CodY Promote Enterococcus faecalis Virulence in a Murine Model of Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection." 01/01/2019 - "Collectively, data from this study identify the (p)ppGpp-CodY network as an important contributor to enterococcal virulence in catheterized mouse bladder and support that basal (p)ppGpp pools and CodY promote virulence through maintenance of a balanced metabolism under adverse conditions.IMPORTANCE Catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) are one of the most frequent types of infection found in the hospital setting that can develop into serious and potentially fatal bloodstream infections. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Amino Acids
2.	Guanosine Tetraphosphate
3.	Ligases (Synthetase)
4.	Glucose (Dextrose)
5.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)
6.	Guanosine Pentaphosphate
7.	Nucleotides
8.	Carbon
9.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
10.	Guanosine

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Catheters