Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide (Glucose Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide)

A gastrointestinal peptide hormone of about 43-amino acids. It is found to be a potent stimulator of INSULIN secretion and a relatively poor inhibitor of GASTRIC ACID secretion.

Also Known As:

Glucose Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide; Gastric-Inhibitory Polypeptide; Glucose-Dependent Insulin-Releasing Peptide; Glucose Dependent Insulin Releasing Peptide; Inhibitory Polypeptide, Gastric; Insulin-Releasing Peptide, Glucose-Dependent; Insulinotropic Peptide, Glucose-Dependent; Peptide, Glucose-Dependent Insulin-Releasing; Peptide, Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic; Polypeptide, Gastric Inhibitory; Polypeptide, Gastric-Inhibitory; Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide

Networked: 381 relevant articles (16 outcomes, 28 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Holst, Jens J: 14 articles (01/2022 - 01/2002)
2.	Meier, Juris J: 10 articles (01/2022 - 01/2003)
3.	Nauck, Michael A: 10 articles (01/2022 - 01/2003)
4.	Flatt, P R: 10 articles (02/2015 - 07/2007)
5.	Irwin, N: 9 articles (02/2015 - 07/2007)
6.	Deacon, Carolyn F: 8 articles (01/2022 - 12/2003)
7.	Schmidt, Wolfgang E: 6 articles (04/2009 - 12/2003)
8.	Gallwitz, Baptist: 6 articles (03/2006 - 01/2003)
9.	Lacroix, A: 6 articles (07/2004 - 02/2000)
10.	Harada, Norio: 5 articles (11/2019 - 12/2007)

Related Diseases

1.	Insulin Resistance 07/14/2012 - "The effects of active immunisation with gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) or (proline3)GIP-ovalbumin conjugates on insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, energy expenditure and cognition were examined in high-fat-fed mice. " 01/01/2020 - "Blockade of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) action as a novel means of countering insulin resistance in the treatment of obesity-diabetes." 12/01/2023 - "Alongside GLP-1RAs, newer combinations with glucagon agonists and/or glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) agonists have been explored in related patient groups, with evidence of improvements in weight, insulin resistance and non-invasive liver parameters. " 07/14/2012 - "Evaluation of the long-term effects of gastric inhibitory polypeptide-ovalbumin conjugates on insulin resistance, metabolic dysfunction, energy balance and cognition in high-fat-fed mice." 01/01/1990 - "With the exception of insulin sensitivity which was enhanced with safflowerseed oil, plasma concentrations of glucose and gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), glucose tolerance, intestinal GIP content and the GIP response to oral fat were similar. "
2.	Weight Loss (Weight Reduction) 01/01/2023 - "Effect of dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide/glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on weight loss in subjects with obesity." 01/01/2017 - "Lower plasma levels of glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) in patients with ductal adenocarcinoma of the pancreas and their relation to the presence of impaired glucoregulation and weight loss." 11/01/2007 - "Exaggerated postprandial GLP-1 and blunted glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide secretion after RYGB might contribute to the greater weight loss and improved glucose homeostasis compared with BND." 01/01/2023 - "Recent studies suggest that tirzepatide, a dual glucose-dependent insulinotropic-peptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA), has significant weight loss effects. " 05/01/1981 - "Major factors may include decreased absorption of carbohydrates and amino acids, decreased oral caloric intake, increased insulin sensitivity and decreased output of gastric inhibitory polypeptide as well as the eventual weight loss."
3.	Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (MODY) 03/01/2016 - "Glucose-Dependent Insulinotropic Peptide Level Is Associated with the Development of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus." 08/01/2009 - "Effects of peripheral administration of synthetic human glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP) on energy expenditure and subjective appetite sensations in healthy normal weight subjects and obese patients with type 2 diabetes." 09/01/2005 - "The insulinotropic effect of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is reduced in patients with type 2 diabetes and around 50% of their first-degree relatives under hyperglycaemic conditions. " 12/01/2004 - "A reduced insulinotropic effect of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is a characteristic of patients with type 2 diabetes. " 12/01/2004 - "Stimulation of insulin secretion by intravenous bolus injection and continuous infusion of gastric inhibitory polypeptide in patients with type 2 diabetes and healthy control subjects."
4.	Body Weight (Weight, Body) 12/07/2007 - "Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) is known to promote efficient storage of ingested nutrients into adipose tissue; we examined aging-associated changes in body composition using 10-week-old and 50-week-old wild-type (WT) and GIP receptor knockout (Gipr-/-) mice on a normal diet, which show no difference in body weight. " 01/01/1981 - "Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) release into the portal vein in response to duodenal instillation of glucose in doses of 0.695, 1.39, 2.78 and 5.56 mmol/kg body weight was studied in an acute condition in male Wistar rats. " 09/01/1980 - "The gastric inhibitory polypeptide response after a sucrose load (2 g/kg body weight) was significantly greater (P < 0.01) after th subjects consumed the sucrose rather than the starch diet. " 01/01/2022 - "However, TRE reduced fasting glucose, glycated hemoglobin, body weight, and body fat, and increased glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide area under the curve at dinner. " 01/01/2022 - "The development of high-dose GLP-1 RAs and the dual GLP-1/glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide RA tirzepatide resulted in increasing numbers of people reaching HbA1c and body weight targets, with up to 62% attaining normoglycaemia with 15-mg tirzepatide. "
5.	Hyperglycemia 01/01/1988 - "In this in vitro human model, pancreatic polypeptide cell secretion was inhibited by hyperglycemia, although the presence of gastric inhibitory polypeptide augmented the pancreatic polypeptide cell response. " 02/01/1986 - "Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) has insulinotropic actions in the presence of hyperglycemia. " 04/01/2009 - "We examined whether acute hyperglycemia reduces the postprandial excursions of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1, and if so, whether this can be attributed to changes in gastric emptying. " 04/01/2009 - "Hyperglycemia acutely lowers the postprandial excursions of glucagon-like Peptide-1 and gastric inhibitory polypeptide in humans." 01/01/1988 - "Perfusion with low levels of insulin and splanchnic nerve stimulation augmented the response of the pancreatic polypeptide cell to hyperglycemia and gastric inhibitory polypeptide. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Glucose (Dextrose)
2.	Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 (GLP 1)
3.	Insulin (Novolin)
4.	Glucagon (Glukagon)
5.	Hormones (Hormone)
6.	Incretins
7.	gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor
8.	Blood Glucose (Blood Sugar)
9.	Peptide YY
10.	Glucagon-Like Peptides (Enteroglucagon)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Bariatric Surgery
2.	Injections
3.	Therapeutics
4.	Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass)
5.	Intravenous Infusions