Foodborne Diseases

Acute illnesses, usually affecting the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT, brought on by consuming contaminated food or beverages. Most of these diseases are infectious, caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, or parasites that can be foodborne. Sometimes the diseases are caused by harmful toxins from the microbes or other chemicals present in the food. Especially in the latter case, the condition is often called food poisoning.

Also Known As:

Networked: 1935 relevant articles (29 outcomes, 97 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Infections
2.	Rabies (Hydrophobia)
3.	Brucellosis (Malta Fever)
4.	Weight Gain
5.	Body Weight (Weight, Body)

Experts

1.	McClane, Bruce A: 35 articles (01/2021 - 08/2002)
2.	Li, Jihong: 17 articles (01/2021 - 02/2006)
3.	Sarker, Mahfuzur R: 15 articles (10/2018 - 05/2005)
4.	Hu, Dong-Liang: 13 articles (11/2021 - 03/2002)
5.	Omoe, Katsuhiko: 13 articles (07/2021 - 03/2002)
6.	Hennekinne, Jacques-Antoine: 11 articles (01/2022 - 11/2008)
7.	Märtlbauer, Erwin: 11 articles (11/2020 - 09/2004)
8.	Ono, Hisaya K: 10 articles (11/2021 - 11/2008)
9.	Nakane, Akio: 10 articles (07/2021 - 09/2007)
10.	Dietrich, Richard: 10 articles (11/2020 - 09/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Foodborne Diseases:

1.	VaccinesIBA 06/01/2018 - "These surveillance data highlight the diversity of noroviruses causing foodborne disease and can help guide appropriate food safety interventions, including worker hygiene, improved food handling and preparation, and further development of norovirus vaccines." 01/01/2018 - "These findings allowed us to hypothesize that fusion of C-CPE and another food poisoning vaccine act as a bivalent food poisoning vaccine. " 08/01/2015 - "Oral virus-like particle (VLP) vaccines are regarded as a better choice for prevention from food-borne diseases compared with injected whole virus vaccines. " 03/17/2014 - "jejuni clone SA in causing sheep abortion and foodborne illnesses, protective vaccines are needed to control its transmission and spread. " 09/01/2009 - "The production functions are then used for marginal economic analysis to assess the cost/benefit ratio of using the vaccine to prevent foodborne illness. "
2.	Enterotoxins (Enterotoxin)IBA 08/16/2023 - "Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive human opportunistic pathogen that may also cause food poisoning because of the ability of some strains to produce heat stable enterotoxins that can persist in food even after the pathogen is successfully eliminated. " 07/01/2014 - "The presence of enterotoxins in 18% of isolates confirms the risk of food poisoning associated with this product and emphasizes the need for improved guidelines for handling after preparation. " 01/01/2022 - "The current study was planned to assess the food poisoning potential of pathogenic, methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus by molecular detection of enterotoxin A (Eta) gene. " 02/01/2014 - "Further studies are needed to quantify the expression of these new enterotoxins, and to assess their contribution to foodborne disease burden. " 05/01/2005 - "Results of this study clearly indicate that SEH was also present in the raw material of reconstituted milk, indicating that the food poisoning was caused by multiple staphylococcal enterotoxins."
3.	Anti-Bacterial Agents (Antibiotics)IBA 01/01/2019 - "The improved recovery from ground beef of model STEC strains with various antimicrobial resistance profiles was demonstrated using three classes of antibiotics as selective agents, suggesting the universal applicability of this new approach in supporting foodborne illness investigations." 09/01/2023 - "In this study, we analysed the genomic epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance characteristics of Salmonella Kentucky ST198 collected from foodborne disease surveillance in Shenzhen, China, during 2010-2021, using whole-genome sequencing and antibiotic susceptibility testing. " 01/01/2020 - "This study was conducted to evaluate the synergy of bacteriophage and antibiotics in increasing antibiotics inhibition to the bacteria that cause foodborne disease. " 01/01/2018 - "This study will aid in the design of new antibacterial agents of natural origin to combat food-borne diseases, and it could be used as an industrial or hospital hygiene agent as well." 10/01/2015 - "The results of this study will aid in the design of new antibacterial agents from natural origin that can combat foodborne disease and improve hygienic practices in the industrial sector."
4.	NitritesIBA 07/17/2009 - "Spores made by cpe-positive type C and D strains were found to contain the Ssp4 variant with Gly at residue 36 and were shown to be heat- and nitrite-sensitive; this finding may help to explain why cpe-positive type C and D isolates rarely cause food poisoning. " 04/01/2013 - "This event of intentional nitrite release resulting in food contamination which further leading to food poisoning, was completely proved by the joint efforts of the teams and expertise from the field epidemiology survey and the criminal investigation." 04/01/2013 - "Clinical manifestation and effect of treatment were in accordance with the characteristics of an episode related to acute nitrite food poisoning in terms of factors as the time of onset, involving different age, sex and jobs of the patients. " 07/01/1984 - "As studies have raised concern over the safety of nitrite, regulators have had to weigh the potential risk from cancer against nitrite's proven role in protecting consumers from deadly food poisoning bacteria. " 01/01/1980 - "In any way, there is a general agreement on the fact that curing without nitrite would enhance food poisoning risks, especially where botulism is concerned."
5.	Starch (Cornstarch)IBA 08/18/2023 - "cereus) is a common gram-positive bacterium that contaminates starch-rich food and can cause outbreaks of foodborne diseases. " 10/01/2019 - "In conclusion, the food poisoning was caused by the high BKA concentration of expired (4 days over the 24-h shelf life) wet rice noodle products, with corn and wheat starch contaminated by B. " 08/01/1996 - "The other 76 strains associated with outbreaks caused by other food-poisoning bacteria gave all negative VF production results except four strains, and 56 (74%) of these strains produced positive reactions in starch hydrolysis tests. " 05/01/2004 - "The phenotypic adaptation of membrane lipids in seven strains of the food-poisoning bacterium Bacillus cereus, isolated from Bangladeshi rice, is reported in relation to their ability to grow under conditions of low water activity (a(w)), reduced temperature and the presence of soluble rice starch. " 09/01/1986 - "Sporulation of 24 strains of Clostridium perfringens isolated from stools of food poisoning patients and normal controls was improved by adding sodium carbonate to Duncan-Strong (DS) sporulation medium and replacing starch with raffinose in Taniguti's AEA medium. "
6.	NitratesIBA 03/07/1997 - "Nitrate preserved sausage meat causes an unusual food poisoning incident." 04/24/1998 - "Nitrate and nitrite are usually added to processed meat products to provide protection against microorganisms that cause food poisoning. " 04/29/2021 - "Improper usage of nitrogen in cucumber cultivation causes nitrate accumulation in the fruit and results in food poisoning in humans; therefore, mandatory evaluation of food products becomes inevitable. " 01/01/1945 - "Food poisoning by nitrites from the reduction of nitrates in their use in delicatessen." 04/01/1972 - "[Possibility of the occurrence of food poisoning of bacterial etiology in combination with nitrate-nitrite poisoning]."
7.	DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid)IBA 10/15/2023 - "DNA barcoding is widely used in toxic species authentication, but due to serious DNA degradation of forensic materials, the application of full-length barcode sequences in food poisoning diagnosis is greatly limited. " 11/01/2022 - "This cascade amplification strategy exhibits excellent specificity and successfully decreases the limit of detection (LOD) of DNA walker by 2,000 folds to 5 CFU/mL. Collectively, this combinatorial approach offers great promises to effectively reduce foodborne diseases by ultrasensitive detection of S. " 09/03/2021 - "Decay tests also demonstrated that decayed portions (like those found in the kitchen garbage can) of Amanita phalloides mushrooms could be properly identified using MALDI-ToF MS.Our findings provide important insight for toxicology laboratories that often rely on DNA sequencing to identify meal leftovers implicated in food poisoning. " 09/28/2020 - "The proposed strategy was rationally combined with polymerase chain reaction, which resulted in the successful determination of genomic DNA (within the range of 10-106 copies) derived from the food poisoning bacterium Escherichia coli, with a limit of detection of 5.2 copies and high selectivity. " 01/01/2017 - "Identification of Datura Species Involved in a Food-Poisoning Case Using LC-MS/MS and DNA Barcording."
8.	Volatile Oils (Essential Oils)IBA 02/28/2023 - "Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) Essential Oil against Foodborne Illness Pathogens, Salmonella enterica subsp. " 04/03/2020 - "The aim of this study is to investigate the correlation between the chemical composition and the antibacterial effect of five essential oils from this family against five reference bacterial strains responsible of nosocomial diseases and foodborne illnesses. " 07/29/2016 - "Based on the demand for natural products to control microorganisms, and the re-evaluation of potential medicinal plants for controlling diseases, the objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition and antibacterial and antifungal activities of parsley essential oil against foodborne diseases and opportunistic pathogens. " 04/01/2022 - "Microbial essential oil with good antibacterial activity could also be used in selected cases like foodborne disease." 10/02/2021 - "Essential oils (EOs) play a pivotal role in sustainably controlling foodborne diseases and as a potential preservative in soft cheeses. "
9.	Histamine (Histamine Dihydrochloride)FDA Link 03/01/2016 - "ulmaria exhibits inhibitory activity against bacterial HDC and might be effective for preventing food poisoning caused by histamine. " 05/03/2018 - "The aim of this study was to assess the mean of histamine concentration in food poisoning. " 06/11/2022 - "In this review, the role of these bacteria in histamine production in fish and seafood products with consequences for human food poisoning following consumption are discussed. " 01/01/2022 - "Its consumption, whether fresh or canned, can lead to severe food poisoning due to the activity of specific microorganisms, including histamine-producing bacteria. " 01/01/2022 - "Moreover, bacterial density was proportional to histamine production, and the coefficient of determination was more than 0.97, and the bacterial density required to produce 200 μg/mL of histamine during storage at 10℃ was calculated to be 4×107-4×108 CFU/mL. When the initial bacterial density was 102-103 CFU/mL, psychrophilic bacteria required 2 or 3 days and mesophilic bacteria required more than 4 days to grow above 107 CFU/mL. The above results suggest that understanding the capacity of histamine-producing bacteria to produce histamine and its growth rate in foods is important for the prevention of histamine food poisoning."
10.	Plant ExtractsIBA 07/01/2021 - "Punica granatum and Phyllanthus emblica extracts were found to be the most effective and exhibited bacteriostatic and bactericidal activities against the highly infectious strains of pathogenic bacteria causing food spoilage, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.5 mg/mL and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of 5 mg/mL. The plant extracts used in the study were highly effective in reducing bacterial contamination and can be used as an alternative to chemical preservatives to avoid and control foodborne diseases and for preservation of food with no health-related hazards caused by chemicals." 01/01/2019 - "Pathogenicity study was carried out and effect of the plant extracts on mycelia growth of the test fungi was studied using the food poisoning techniques. " 02/01/2022 - "Plants possess many antimicrobial properties; therefore, evaluating these plant extracts as a natural source of antimicrobials can lead to a preventative control method in reducing foodborne illness and food spoilage, inclusively meeting consumer needs. " 02/01/2018 - "Within these texts, Plant extracts have been used to control food poisoning diseases and preserve foodstuff. " 02/01/2018 - "Antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts against bacterial strains causing food poisoning diseases."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 12/01/2003 - "This study used a Web-based Delphi process with a group of nationally recognized food safety experts to identify food-handling behaviors of special importance in reducing the risk of foodborne illness among pregnant women, infants and young children, elderly people, and people with compromised immune systems because of disease or pharmacologic therapy. " 01/01/2022 - "This review also discusses the potential of bacteriophages as a biocontrol agent against food-borne diseases in the food industry and aquaculture, in addition to clinical therapy. " 01/01/2022 - "Bioengineered Probiotics: Synthetic Biology Can Provide Live Cell Therapeutics for the Treatment of Foodborne Diseases." 02/01/2016 - "However, antimicrobial resistance in the toxin-producing strains does not have clinical implications because food poisoning is not managed by antimicrobial therapy. " 01/01/2016 - "GPA therapy should include recommendations on nutrition, personal hygiene, and food poisoning prevention."
2.	Oral Administration 06/01/1987 - "Oral administration of strains of food poisoning salmonellas to day-old chickens produced a profound inhibition in the subsequent colonization of the caeca by a strain of Salmonella typhimurium given one day later. " 12/01/2017 - "In the fourth century, during the Chinese Dong Jin dynasty, the doctor Ge Hong described good results after the oral administration of a suspension prepared from human faeces in patients with severe diarrhoea or food poisoning. "
3.	Oral Hygiene (Dental Hygiene) 12/01/2018 - "The recommendations address body weight before conception, weight gain in pregnancy, energy and nutritional requirements and diet (including a vegetarian/vegan diet), the supplements folic acid/folate, iodine, iron and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), protection against food-borne illnesses, physical activity before and during pregnancy, alcohol, smoking, caffeinated drinks, oral and dental hygiene and the use of medicinal products. "
4.	Vegan Diet (Diet, Vegan) 12/01/2018 - "The recommendations address body weight before conception, weight gain in pregnancy, energy and nutritional requirements and diet (including a vegetarian/vegan diet), the supplements folic acid/folate, iodine, iron and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), protection against food-borne illnesses, physical activity before and during pregnancy, alcohol, smoking, caffeinated drinks, oral and dental hygiene and the use of medicinal products. "
5.	Intravenous Injections 10/01/1950 - "[Method of intravenous injections of staphylococcal toxin to adult cats in study of food poisoning]." 07/01/1964 - "In contrast, over 50% of 104 cultures from the market cheese, which were typed at 100 times the critical test dilution, had phage patterns that involved group III. Of nine selected cultures isolated from the food-poisoning cheese, three (all in phage group III) were positive for enterotoxin by intravenous injection test of cats."