Drowning

01/01/2019 - "The detection of diatoms into the organs is considered an important "biological marker" for the diagnosis of drowning in human pathology, but it still has a high possibility for false positive results. "
07/01/2023 - "Here, we show biomarkers that may be helpful for the diagnosis of drowning. "
11/01/2019 - "The objective of this study was to discover specific biomarkers for estimating the PMI for drowning. "
11/01/2019 - "These results indicate that RAGE in drowned lungs could be a potential biomarker for the determination of the PMI after drowning."
02/01/2019 - "There is no single biomarker to diagnose drowning, so the diagnosis of drowning is one of the most difficult tasks in forensic medicine. "

02/28/2022 - "Traps designed for dry trapping (no drowning solution, but a killing agent inside) and synthetic controlled released experimental lures were tested in a two-year field study. "
01/01/2022 - "Based on the study of the article, a recall score of 0.95 together with the corresponding precision score of 0.9 were achieved on the samples of the five lab-grown diatom genera via cross-validation, and the accuracy of the evaluation in the cases of kidney and liver is above 0.85 based on the precision and recall scores, which demonstrate the effectiveness of the AI solution to be used in drowning forensic routine."
11/01/2023 - "This method may present a low-resource solution to inform the drowning statistics in the future. "
01/01/2022 - "To evaluate the performance of this AI solution in different scenarios, we collected five lab-grown diatom genera and samples of some organic tissues from drowning cases to investigate the potential upper/lower limits of the capability in detecting the diatoms and recognizing their genera. "
01/01/2018 - "suzukii were trapped under field conditions in cherry orchards and raspberry high tunnels using various baited dry trap designs that were compared with the currently available deli-cup style traps that utilize a liquid bait or drowning solution. "

11/01/2018 - "The present study suggests that PM ethanol production has a limited impact on research addressing the prevalence rate for alcohol-related drowning and that the use of too rigorous exclusion criteria, such as those previously recommended, may led to a significant underestimation of actual alcohol-positive drowning cases."
06/01/2021 - "The immediate cause of death was drowning as a consequence of ethanol intoxication. "
11/01/2018 - "cases with low BAC or with protracted interval between death and toxicological analysis) have been proposed with no factual figures to reduce the potential bias due to PM ethanol production when examining the prevalence rates for alcohol-related drowning. "
11/01/2018 - "Epidemiology of alcohol-related unintentional drowning: is post-mortem ethanol production a real challenge?"
11/30/2012 - "The cause of death was drowning in 31 out of 40 divers; one of them had a high blood-ethanol concentration, in two other divers ethanol was found in the urine, indicating previous ethanol consumption. "

12/01/2020 - "These findings are useful for stratifying and prioritizing postmortem samples in the investigation of salt water drowning and also have significance for future studies using this methodology to combine and compare the accuracy of different investigations."
12/01/2020 - "This study investigated postmortem CSF from lumbar puncture (CSF_L_Na_Cl) and ventricular aspiration (CSF_Vent_Na_Cl), as well as lung/body (LB) ratio in the diagnosis of salt water drowning and performed comparison and combination testing of methods to improve diagnostic accuracy of the drowning diagnosis. "
05/03/2007 - "The study was carried out on 42 study group subjects who died by drowning in salt water (20 cases) and freshwater (22 cases) and 30 control group subjects who died from causes other than drowning. "
12/01/1995 - "A canine study of cold water drowning in fresh versus salt water."
11/03/2022 - "Runnels mitigate marsh drowning in microtidal salt marshes."

01/01/2019 - "According to our previous studies, the ratio of diatom content in lung tissue to diatom content in drowning medium (L/D ratio) is a very useful indicator to distinguish between drowning and postmortem immersion. "
01/01/2015 - "Although no indicator predicted disparities in drowning-related injury mortality across all data cycles and years, further studies are needed to determine if these associations remain consistent at different geographic scales and for injury morbidity."
06/01/2013 - "Svechnikov's sign as an indicator of drowning in immersed bodies changed by decomposition: an autopsy study."
05/01/2023 - "The diatoms are useful as significant indicator in diagnosing of drowning. "
07/01/2020 - "Forensic diatomology has been proposed to be useful in solving the diagnosis of drowning and considered to be a reliable indicator of the site of drowning. "

04/07/2008 - "Plankton DNA was identified from lung, liver, kidney, blood and brain of the drowned victims, and the DGGE patterns were helpful in indicating the site of drowning. "
05/01/2016 - "This study investigated the quantities of picoplankton (Cyanobacteria) DNA in the lung, liver, kidney tissues and blood of drowned and non-drowned rabbits, and the sensitivity of detection of picoplankton DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detect for the diagnosis of death from drowning. "
11/01/2009 - "In this study, from the preserved blood samples of 32 freshwater drowning cases, specific DNA fragments of Aeromonas sobria, one of the most common aquatic bacteria, were examined using PCR. "
02/25/2022 - "The automated examination of diatoms, the establishment of diatom DNA barcodes and virtual autopsy will be the most important research hotspots in the coming period and are expected to achieve breakthroughs in drowning diagnosis, drowning location inference, postmortem submersion interval estimation, etc. 目的: 通过文献计量学方法研究1991—2020年法医学溺死领域的研究热点和发展趋势。方法: 基于Web of Science、CNKI数据库和万方数据知识服务平台，运用python 3.9.2、CiteSpace 5.8.R3和Gephi 0.9.2软件等对溺死相关研究的发文趋势、国家/地区、机构、作者和主题进行分析。结果: 获得溺死相关英文文献631篇（中国作者的英文文献59篇）、中文文献386篇。载文量最多的中英文期刊分别是《中国法医学杂志》（80篇）和Forensic Science International（106篇）。英文文献发文最多的国家/地区是日本，中国位列第三；Osaka City Univ（Japan，28篇）发表的英文文献最多，Guangzhou Forens Sci Inst（China，22篇）位居第二。中文文献中广州市刑事科学技术研究所（32篇）发表最多。主题分析结果显示，硅藻检验、虚拟解剖、死后生物化学检验、死亡性质、死后淹没时间推断等是目前研究的热点，但英文文献在新技术、新方法方面的研究更多，中文文献则更偏向于实践、应用和经验总结。结论: 法医学溺死领域的发文量较为平稳，但国际合作和国内合作范围还比较局限。硅藻的自动化检验、硅藻DNA条形码的建立和虚拟解剖将是未来一段时间最主要的研究热点，并有望在溺死诊断、溺水地点推断、死后淹没时间推断等方面取得重大突破。."
01/01/2021 - "In recent years, the DNA detection of drowning-related diatoms, cyanobacteria, and aeromonas has gradually attracted interest from forensic scientists. "

01/01/2008 - "The aims of this study were to confirm the diagnostic value of strontium in cases of drowning compared with other causes of death, to analyse factors that could affect its concentration and to ascertain the sensitivity and specificity of strontium in right and left ventricles and peripheral serum for the post-mortem diagnosis of drowning. "
05/24/2007 - "This study examines the effects of age, gender, a cold water medium versus warm water medium, and salinity on strontium levels determined in left ventricular blood in drownings. "
07/01/1998 - "The aim of our study was to examine the combined contribution of computer-assisted histomorphometry of lungs with blood strontium (BS) measurement to the diagnosis of drowning in cadavers recovered from fresh water. "
07/01/2015 - "Strontium (Sr) concentration in tooth samples has been found to be a key factor for the diagnosis of seawater drowning. "
01/01/2008 - "Strontium (Sr) levels were measured in the serum (left and right ventricles and peripheral vein) of all cadavers and, in the case of drowning, in the water medium itself, by using Zeeman AAS. "

04/29/2001 - "After drowning lesson from the first part of this study, there was significant decrease in the rate of lack of serologic diagnosis and in the amount of consumption of antibiotics for this indication in the hospital, but there was no change at the level of G. "
09/01/2022 - "Drowning in antibiotics."
01/01/2022 - "The previous rearing media in 2012 introduced toxic factors like bleach and antibiotics, required significant effort and volume of media preparation, and the rearing protocols in 2012 and 2016 often resulted in embryos, larvae, and enclosing pupae drowning, underfed, or desiccating. "
03/01/2012 - "When treating drowning associated pneumonia, antibiotics should be effective against bacteria similar to those found in the body of water where immersion occurred."
04/15/2022 - "To study the clinical and microbiological characteristics of children with drowning-associated aspiration pneumonia, so as to provide a reference for empirical selection of antibacterial agents. "

01/01/2016 - "Our results show that in cases of freshwater drowning, vitreous sodium levels are decreased, but that this mainly is an effect of postmortem diffusion between the eye and surrounding water rather than due to the drowning process, since the decrease in sodium levels correlates with immersion time."
01/01/2015 - "We report the case of a 3.5-year-old boy who died 11h after drowning in sea water, with a serum sodium level of 178 mmoL/L. "
04/01/2006 - "In addition, the mean sodium level of 117 mmol/L in freshwater drowning was significantly lower than the standard range of 137-145 mmol/L. "
04/01/2006 - "Left ventricular sodium levels differed significantly between the two groups (p<0.001), with a range of 93-147 mmol/L in freshwater drowning (mean=117+/-14.2 mmol/L) and 123-183 in saltwater drowning (mean=153+/-14.4 mmol/L). "
04/01/2006 - "Measurements of left ventricular sodium levels were performed in 74 consecutive coronial cases where death was attributed to drowning, consisting of 44 and 30 deceased who were believed to be victims of freshwater and saltwater drowning, respectively. "

08/01/1953 - "The chloride test in drownings and death due to other causes."
09/01/2019 - "This case gives evidence to support the potential use of postmortem CSF sodium and chloride level as an adjunct to the diagnosis of saltwater drowning."
09/01/2019 - "We report a saltwater drowning death from presumed suicide in which the postmortem CSF sodium and chloride level was elevated compared with nonimmersion deaths. "
09/01/2019 - "Elevated Cerebrospinal Fluid Sodium and Chloride Levels in a Saltwater Drowning Death."
09/01/2018 - "Postmortem vitreous humor sodium and chloride (PMVSC) was reported to be a useful biochemical test in diagnosing saltwater drowning when the immersion time is less than 1 hour (SWD1). "

03/22/2018 - "These publications provide valuable information about the process and quality of drowning resuscitation and confirm that the USFD is helpful for a structured comparison of the outcome of drowning resuscitation."
01/01/2019 - "Intra-rectal tobacco insufflation as a resuscitation method for drowning victims: A gold-standard in the 18th century."
03/01/2016 - "Assessing the efficacy of rescue equipment in lifeguard resuscitation efforts for drowning."
04/01/2010 - "Bystander rescue and resuscitation of drowning victims seems to contribute to a positive outcome. "
06/01/2009 - "This, coupled with increased emphasis in improvement in water safety and resuscitation, has produced a threefold decrease in the number of deaths, indexed to population, from drowning in the United States yearly. "

01/01/2017 - "Neurologically favourable survival after drowning remains low but is improved by bystander CPR. "
12/01/2019 - "The aim of this study is to examine the effect of bystander-initiated conventional (with rescue breathing) versus compression-only (without rescue breathing) cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in OHCA due to drowning. "
01/01/2013 - "This population-based retrospective case series study examined the frequency and distribution of protective stratagems (legislatively compliant safety barrier, adequate caregiver supervision, water familiarisation and early administration of cardiopulmonary resuscitation [CPR]) amongst drowning deaths of young children (0-4 years) in private swimming pools or spas in Victoria, Australia. "
10/27/2023 - "Pool-related drowning were associated with a higher incidence of needing cardiopulmonary resuscitation (p = 0.02). "
01/01/2023 - "Interrupting the drowning process as soon as possible and starting cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can improve survival rates. "

06/01/2013 - "Rescue of drowning victims and divers: is mechanical ventilation possible underwater? "
08/01/2006 - "In 1861 the Royal Medical and Chirurgical Society of London set up a series of committees to examine different methods of manual artificial respiration for use in apparent drowning. "
11/21/1994 - "To find predictors of outcome and to describe the long term outcome for children who require mechanical ventilation after nearly drowning. "
01/01/1962 - "Drowning: a review of the subject, with special reference to the mouth-to-mouth method of artificial respiration."
04/25/1958 - "[Artificial respiration in threatened drowning]."

01/01/2019 - "Potential areas for improvement in the management of drowning victims are the use ofSzpilman's classification, sonography, and non-invasive ventilation. "
01/01/2022 - "Early application of non-invasive ventilation for children with pulmonary edema after drowning."
01/01/2016 - "We emphasize the advantages and limitations of using noninvasive ventilation to treat acute respiratory failure due to sea water drowning syndrome. "
01/01/2022 - "The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) on the clinical course, oxygenation, need for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV), and outcomes for children with pulmonary edema after drowning. "

03/01/2009 - "The application of therapeutic hypothermia in pediatric drowning victims represented some of the seminal clinical use of this modality in modern neurointensive care. "
01/01/2018 - "Three children included in the study were admitted following drowning and required mechanical ventilation and targeted temperature management. "
12/01/2017 - "Relevant studies are then deemed eligible if the drowning OHCA patient's initial temperature was above 28°C, which implies asphyxial cardiac arrest, and intentional therapeutic hypothermia was instituted. "
01/01/2016 - "An exploratory study of pediatric drowning from the Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Out-of-Hospital trial was conducted. "
01/01/2016 - "To describe outcomes and complications in the drowning subgroup from the Therapeutic Hypothermia After Pediatric Cardiac Arrest Out-of-Hospital trial. "