Doxapram (Doxapram Hydrochloride)

01/01/1992 - "Data suggested that doxapram alone at a dose of 1 mg/kg/h is effective for the treatment of neonatal apnea."
10/25/2023 - "More studies are needed to clarify the role of doxapram in the treatment of apnea of prematurity, addressing concerns about long-term outcomes. "
10/25/2023 - "Compared to alternative treatment, the evidence is very uncertain about the effect of doxapram on failed apnea reduction (RR 1.35, 95% CI 0.53 to 3.45; 4 studies, 84 participants; very low-certainty evidence). "
10/25/2023 - "When used to treat apnea, compared to no treatment, doxapram may result in a slight reduction in failed apnea reduction (risk ratio [RR] 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20 to 1.05; 1 study, 21 participants; low-certainty evidence). "
10/25/2023 - "We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the role of doxapram in prevention and treatment of apnea of prematurity and prevention of reintubation in preterm infants (less than 37 weeks' gestation). "

01/01/1975 - "Protection against the risk of occasional respiratory depression from this regime is consistently given by the use of intravenous doxapram, which also gives varying degrees of arousal."
10/01/1994 - "Doxapram reversal of respiratory failure in a patient refusing assisted ventilation."
03/01/1988 - "At the termination of anaesthesia doxapram 1.43 mg kg-1 was given in an attempt to antagonize postoperative respiratory depression. "
05/01/1985 - "Treatment of acute exacerbation of chronic respiratory failure with doxapram: a case report."
01/01/1982 - "[Value of doxapram in the immediate postoperative period of chronic respiratory insufficiency]."

02/01/1979 - "In 6 separate trials at a dose range of 0.32 to 2.0 mg per kg of body weight per min, quiet-sleep tidal volume increased from 4.9 +/- 1.0 to 8.5 +/- 0.9 ml per kg of body weight, minute ventilation increased from 140 +/- 38 to 286 +/- 31 ml per kg of body weight per min, and alveolar PCO2 decreased from 60 +/- 5 to 32 +/- 2 mm Hg. In all instances, the maximal quiet-sleep ventilatory response was achieved within 10 min. The ventilatory response to steady-state CO2 breathing was not improved with doxapram. "
04/01/2015 - "Estimates generated by NONMEM indicated that clearance of doxapram (CL; L/kg/h) was affected by postmenstrual age (PMA; weeks), body weight (BW; g), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST; IU/L). "
01/01/1992 - "Two treatments, sodium bicarbonate (3 mEq/kg of body weight, IV) and doxapram HCl (2 mg/kg, IV), were evaluated, using a randomized complete-block experimental design. "
10/01/1978 - "A 51-year-old woman with chronic respiratory failure (status after tuberculosis) was given an infusion of doxapram hydrochloride (1 to 2 mg/kg of body weight per hour) for four episodes of acute exacerbation of her condition. "
11/01/1977 - "Rapid arousal from the sedative effects of xylazine occurred after the intravenous administration of doxapram hydrochloride in dosages of 0.05 to 0.13 mg/kg of body weight."

02/01/1998 - "The objective of the study was to determine whether administering doxapram by infusion to the very low birthweight infant, prior to extubation during the first 3 weeks of life, would increase the incidence of successful extubation. "
02/01/1998 - "Randomized, controlled, blinded trial of doxapram for extubation of the very low birthweight infant."
01/01/2016 - "From a retrospective cohort of preterm infants with a gestational age (GA) <30 weeks and/or a birth weight <1,250 g, born between 2000 and 2010, infants treated with doxapram (n = 142) and a nontreated control group were selected (n = 284). "
09/01/2013 - "Doxapram-treated infants were significantly younger and had a lower birth weight. "
11/01/1998 - "Low-dose doxapram for treatment of apnoea following early weaning in very low birthweight infants: a randomized, double-blind study."

05/12/2005 - "Although, doxapram had an additive effect on the carotid body chemosensory response to hypercapnia, a synergistic effect was not observed. "
10/01/1994 - "We report three cases in which doxapram hydrochloride injection was used as an additional method of treating and stabilizing patients with chronic hypercapnia and hypoxia. "
10/01/1994 - "Use of doxapram hydrochloride injection as an alternative to intubation to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with hypercapnia."
01/01/1989 - "[Effects of doxapram on the response to hypercapnia: application to weaning from artificial ventilation in chronic obstructive respiratory insufficiency]."
05/01/1982 - "However, the ventilatory effect of doxapram was more than additive to the concomitant stimulation by hypoxia or hypercapnia. "