Cytochromes

Hemeproteins whose characteristic mode of action involves transfer of reducing equivalents which are associated with a reversible change in oxidation state of the prosthetic group. Formally, this redox change involves a single-electron, reversible equilibrium between the Fe(II) and Fe(III) states of the central iron atom (From Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992, p539). The various cytochrome subclasses are organized by the type of HEME and by the wavelength range of their reduced alpha-absorption bands.

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Networked: 2196 relevant articles (46 outcomes, 197 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	El-Kadi, Ayman O S: 12 articles (01/2022 - 10/2004)
2.	Moorthy, Bhagavatula: 11 articles (11/2020 - 03/2002)
3.	Song, Byoung-Joon: 10 articles (01/2021 - 02/2004)
4.	Jiang, Weiwu: 10 articles (11/2020 - 08/2004)
5.	Parmar, Devendra: 8 articles (01/2022 - 02/2008)
6.	Couroucli, Xanthi I: 8 articles (05/2015 - 03/2002)
7.	Waxman, David J: 7 articles (09/2010 - 01/2003)
8.	Rollason, Victoria: 6 articles (01/2022 - 10/2020)
9.	Cook, Gregory M: 6 articles (11/2021 - 01/2010)
10.	Falck, John R: 6 articles (01/2021 - 10/2004)

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 01/02/2015 - "Cytochrome P1B1 (CYP1B1) polymorphisms and cancer risk: a meta-analysis of 52 studies." 10/01/1959 - "Low-temperature spectrographic study of the cytochromes in various rat and mouse tumors." 12/01/2023 - "Little is known how the expression of cytochromes may influence the development of cancers. " 01/01/2023 - "The antiproliferative potency of all the synthesized compounds was evaluated against human prostate (22Rv1) and human breast (MCF7) cancer cell lines and cytochromes P450. " 02/10/2022 - "Toxicological effects mainly involved the nervous system, immune system, and tumors, at the transcriptional level, as well as the induction of cytochrome P450-dependent detoxification and oxidative stress. "
2.	Carcinogenesis 08/01/2016 - "Individual variations in cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism are believed to contribute to individual susceptibility to chemical carcinogenesis. " 12/01/2012 - "Human cytochromes P450 1A1 and 1A2 play important roles in drug metabolism and chemical carcinogenesis. " 11/01/2012 - "A low-level irradiation during initial stages of oncogenesis produced opposite changes in the mitochondrial cytochrome content. " 09/01/2012 - "At the same time, the maximal reduction of the content of all liver cytochromes is observed at the terminal stages of oncogenesis. " 02/01/1998 - "By activating procarcinogens, hepatic and extrahepatic cytochromes P450 can participate in lung carcinogenesis. "
3.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer) 01/01/2005 - "Cytochrome p4501A1 gene variants as susceptibility marker for prostate cancer." 01/01/1996 - "The potential role of a polymorphism in the cytochrome P450c 17 alpha gene in both breast and prostate cancers is also being examined." 03/01/2015 - "Association between cytochrome CYP17A1, CYP3A4, and CYP3A43 polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness in a Korean study population." 02/01/2003 - "A T-to-C polymorphism in the 5' promoter region of the CYP17 gene that encodes the cytochrome P450c17alpha has been implicated as a risk factor for prostate cancer, but individual studies have been inconclusive or controversial. " 10/20/2017 - "Codeletion of Adrb2 and Cox10, a gene encoding a cytochrome IV oxidase assembly factor, prevented the metabolic shift induced by Adrb2 deletion and rescued prostate cancer progression. "
4.	Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions 10/01/2022 - "Identifying the alert groups of mechanism-based inactivators of human cytochrome P450s (hCYPs) is very helpful for early prediction of drug toxicity and for rational drug design to avoid idiosyncratic toxicity. " 01/01/2019 - "Cytochrome P450s (CYPs)-mediated bioactivation and biotransformation are highly associated with drug toxicity. " 06/01/2013 - "Many adverse drug reactions leading to hepatotoxicity are caused by the cytochrome P450-dependent activation of non-toxic drugs or chemicals into reactive metabolites. " 12/01/2012 - "Metabolism by cytochrome P450s (P450s) is one of the main causes of drug toxicity. " 01/01/2011 - "Cytochrome P450-mediated bioactivation of drugs to reactive metabolites has been reported to be the first step in many adverse drug reactions. "
5.	Hyperandrogenism 09/01/1994 - "These results show a continuum of abnormalities in hyperandrogenic women, suggesting an enhanced cytochrome P450c17 alpha activity in the adrenal and the ovary as the shared mechanism between functional adrenal hyperandrogenism and functional ovarian hyperandrogenism." 11/01/2013 - "In lean PCOS women, a high caloric intake at breakfast with reduced intake at dinner results in improved insulin sensitivity indices and reduced cytochrome P450c17α activity, which ameliorates hyperandrogenism and improves ovulation rate. " 02/01/1995 - "Some investigators have suggested that "dysregulation" of cytochrome P450c17 alpha may result in the exaggerated secretion of ovarian androgens in hyperandrogenism. " 12/01/1997 - "They also indicate that decreasing serum insulin with metformin reduces ovarian cytochrome P450c17 alpha activity and ameliorates the hyperandrogenism of these women." 08/29/1996 - "In obese women with the polycystic ovary syndrome, decreasing serum insulin concentrations with metformin reduces ovarian cytochrome P450c17 alpha activity and ameliorates hyperandrogenism."

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Enzymes
2.	Anticonvulsants (Antiepileptic Drugs)
3.	Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A
4.	Mixed Function Oxygenases (Monooxygenases)
5.	Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 (CYP2D6)
6.	Glutathione Transferase (Glutathione S-Transferase)
7.	Heme (Haem)
8.	Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
9.	Insulin (Novolin)
10.	Metformin (Glucophage)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
3.	Castration
4.	Oral Administration
5.	Polypharmacy