Convulsants

Substances that act in the brain stem or spinal cord to produce tonic or clonic convulsions, often by removing normal inhibitory tone. They were formerly used to stimulate respiration or as antidotes to barbiturate overdose. They are now most commonly used as experimental tools.

Also Known As:

Networked: 881 relevant articles (42 outcomes, 90 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Lein, Pamela J: 4 articles (01/2021 - 05/2012)
2.	Scharfman, Helen E: 4 articles (01/2019 - 04/2002)
3.	Wang, Yun: 4 articles (01/2018 - 10/2013)
4.	Whalley, Benjamin J: 4 articles (01/2017 - 01/2011)
5.	Henshall, David C: 3 articles (01/2022 - 06/2008)
6.	Yaari, Yoel: 3 articles (01/2022 - 04/2007)
7.	Baraban, Scott C: 3 articles (01/2021 - 10/2010)
8.	Hammock, Bruce D: 3 articles (01/2021 - 05/2012)
9.	Pressly, Brandon: 3 articles (01/2021 - 01/2020)
10.	Wulff, Heike: 3 articles (01/2021 - 01/2020)

Related Diseases

1.	Seizures (Absence Seizure) 03/01/2001 - "In contrast 8 is metabolised to only a very minor extent leading to the conclusion that the observed anti-convulsant effect is solely attributable to 8. It is concluded that 8 may be as effective as 1 and 5 at controlling seizures and that the low toxicity and consequently high protective index should provide the compound with an improved side-effect profile." 09/23/1982 - "Focal seizures caused by topical convulsants resulted in a marked decrease in autoradiographic density. " 02/01/2007 - "Prophylactic anti-convulsants are effective in reducing seizures in the first week post-injury in adults. " 06/01/2005 - "The aim of this study was to find a physiological and easily applicable preconditioning stimulus able to confer protection against convulsant-induced neuronal damage and seizures. " 12/01/2018 - "This study aimed at describing the characteristics and properties of seizures induced by cunaniol, a polyacetylenic alcohol isolated from the Clibadium genus, which is ubiquitous in the Amazon biodiversity and its potential use as a convulsant model. "
2.	Epilepsy (Aura) 02/01/2017 - "The aim of this study was to determine the influence of exogenously applied PIC upon the electroconvulsive threshold and the activity of chemical convulsants in eight models of epilepsy in mice. " 04/30/2009 - "Several studies have shown the existence of sex differences in the sensitivity to various convulsants in animals and to the development of some epilepsy types in humans. " 05/01/2000 - "The administration of convulsant drugs has proven a powerful tool to study experimental epilepsy. " 02/01/1995 - "Thus, seizure predisposition in GEPRs offers a unique opportunity to study the human epilepsies that is not offered in studies of normal brain exposed to convulsant stimuli." 06/01/1992 - "Recent studies with kindling and convulsant drug models of epilepsy suggest that the piriform (primary olfactory) cortex may be particularly susceptible to generation of epileptiform activity. "
3.	Shock 01/01/2013 - "Anti-convulsant activity of the compounds was evaluated by maximal electro shock (MES) convulsion method. " 01/01/1992 - "Susceptibility to seizures produced by chemical convulsants and maximal electric shock in rats after electrolytic lesions into the red nucleus." 12/01/2001 - "We measured the intrinsic optical signals (IOSs) generated by rat hippocampus-entorhinal cortex (EC) slices in response to single shock electrical stimuli delivered in the EC deep layers during application of the convulsant drug 4-aminopyridine (50 microM). " 12/01/1992 - "Moreover, both drugs at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg antagonized completely the convulsant activity and the increase of [35S]TBPS binding induced by isoniazide (350 mg/kg s.c.) as well as the increase of [35S]TBPS binding induced by foot-shock stress. " 01/01/1992 - "The results obtained with picrotoxin may be related to the general disinhibitory properties of the convulsant on brain neuronal activity, in a period of time important for consolidation of central processes evoked by inescapable shock. "
4.	Bipolar Disorder (Manic Depressive Psychosis) 09/01/2019 - "There is significant comorbidity between epilepsy and bipolar disorder (BD) and both conditions are treated by anti-convulsant drugs. " 01/01/2016 - "Valproic acid or valproate (VPA) is an anti-convulsant and mood stabiliser effective in treating epilepsy and bipolar disorders. " 06/01/2018 - "Carbamazepine (CBZ) is an anti-epileptic and anti-convulsant drug widely used for the treatment of epilepsy and other bipolar disorders. " 01/01/2009 - "The universal similar clinical picture--mortality risk, manic depressive psychosis, episodic dysfunction of brainstem control systems (sleep-wake cycle, food, mood control mechanism)--is caused by abridged pubertal pruning of excitatory synapses, which is treated with anti-epileptics, as opposed to convulsant neuroleptics in dementia praecox, where the clinical variation reflects varying degrees of excessive pruning and deficit in excitability. " 01/01/2020 - "The medications prescribed for bipolar disorder were atypical anti-psychotics (78.6%), anti-convulsants (66.5%), benzodiazepines (27.7%), typical anti-psychotics (8.9%) and lithium (6.7%). "
5.	Status Epilepticus (Complex Partial Status Epilepticus) 12/16/2019 - "BACKGROUND The diagnosis of early non-convulsant status epilepticus (NCSE) can be challenging and can overlap with other critical conditions. " 09/01/1986 - "The different findings obtained after KA and PTZ injection suggest that not only status epilepticus per se, but the mechanism of action and the neurotoxicity of the convulsant agent, are very important in impairing late performances." 12/01/2017 - "One type of brain insult that is commonly used is induction of severe seizures (status epilepticus; SE) by systemic injection of a convulsant drug. " 03/01/1991 - "Wistar-Furth rats are more sensitive and demonstrate a less variable convulsant response than Sprague-Dawley and Long-Evans rats when tested for total time in seizure activity, latency to onset of first seizure, latency to status epilepticus, seizure severity scores, and percentage exhibiting behavioral seizures and status epilepticus. " 01/01/1987 - "Yet the immature brain is very susceptible to the development of bilateral, although asynchronous, seizures and status epilepticus induced by amygdala kindling or by convulsant drugs. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Pentylenetetrazole (Metrazol)
2.	Anticonvulsants (Antiepileptic Drugs)
3.	Convulsants
4.	Anti-Anxiety Agents (Anxiolytics)
5.	Valproic Acid (Depakote)
6.	Antipsychotic Agents (Antipsychotics)
7.	Kainic Acid (Kainate)
8.	Pilocarpine (Ocusert)
9.	Diazepam (Valium)
10.	imidazole mustard (BIC)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Injections
3.	Oral Administration
4.	Hypnosis (Mesmerism)
5.	Transplantation