Coal Tar (Estar)

A by-product of the destructive distillation of coal used as a topical antieczematic. It is an antipruritic and keratoplastic agent used also in the treatment of psoriasis and other skin conditions. Occupational exposure to soots, tars, and certain mineral oils is known to be carcinogenic according to the Fourth Annual Report on Carcinogens (NTP 85-002, 1985) (Merck Index, 11th ed).

Also Known As:

Networked: 501 relevant articles (30 outcomes, 48 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Fiala, Zdenek: 8 articles (04/2019 - 10/2006)
2.	Borska, Lenka: 7 articles (04/2019 - 10/2006)
3.	Hamakova, Kvetoslava: 7 articles (04/2019 - 10/2006)
4.	Kremlacek, Jan: 7 articles (04/2019 - 10/2006)
5.	Feng, Feifei: 6 articles (12/2020 - 01/2012)
6.	Wu, Yongjun: 5 articles (12/2020 - 01/2012)
7.	Fiala, Z: 5 articles (01/2020 - 03/2004)
8.	Boffetta, Paolo: 5 articles (01/2018 - 01/2003)
9.	Krejsek, Jan: 5 articles (01/2014 - 01/2009)
10.	van den Bogaard, Ellen H: 4 articles (10/2021 - 02/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Psoriasis (Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris) 01/01/2004 - "1% coal tar lotion is more effective than a conventional coal tar lotion in mild to moderate psoriasis and may be preferred for first-line topical treatment." 01/01/2010 - "Topical coal tar is a well known and effective treatment for psoriasis, but the messiness, staining, odor, and inconvenience associated with its use make patient satisfaction and compliance a challenge. " 06/01/2006 - "Coal tar is one of the oldest and an effective treatment for psoriasis. " 03/01/2002 - "Newer topical modalities for psoriasis are being used increasingly for treatment, but have failed to replace crude coal tar as a first-line treatment of psoriasis. " 01/01/2015 - "The objective of this article was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of modified GT (crude coal tar 2.5% plus UVA) as an alternative therapeutic modality for psoriatic patients with skin types III-V. Twenty two patients with moderate, severe, and erythrodermic psoriasis were included in this study. "
2.	Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema) 01/01/1996 - "To study the efficacy and feasibility of an out-patient regimen using crude coal tar in atopic dermatitis. " 02/01/2013 - "Coal tar induces AHR-dependent skin barrier repair in atopic dermatitis." 01/01/1996 - "We started a program for the treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis in an out-patient facility using intermittent applications of crude coal tar. " 01/01/1996 - "Patients with atopic dermatitis benefit from treatment with crude coal tar. " 01/01/1996 - "Out-patient treatment of atopic dermatitis with crude coal tar."
3.	Pruritus (Itching) 01/01/2001 - "An important feature of coal tar is its potent efficacy against pruritus. " 08/01/2003 - "Itching was caused by 1% coal tar preparation in four patients and by calcipotriol in one patient. " 02/01/1998 - "Phototherapy, alone or in combination with coal tar or psoralen, is very effective in the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis, but can lead to erythema and pruritus acutely, and long-term problems such as wrinkling, solar elastosis, and an increased risk of skin cancer. "
4.	Skin Neoplasms (Skin Cancer) 12/01/1996 - "Epidemiological studies indicate that occupational exposure to coal tar may lead to an increased risk of lung, scrotum and skin cancer. " 04/01/2010 - "Coal tar did not increase the risk of non-skin malignancies (hazard ratio (HR) 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-1.09), or the risk of skin cancer (HR 1.09; 95% CI 0.69-1.72). " 12/01/1996 - "However, no clearly increased skin cancer incidences have been reported in psoriasis patients who have been exposed to therapeutically high doses of coal tar. " 08/01/1981 - "It seems that the Goeckerman regimen (topical crude coal tar combined with UV radiation) can be used with minimal risk for skin cancer in the treatment of psoriasis." 08/01/1981 - "Skin cancer in patients with psoriasis treated with coal tar. "
5.	Eczema 12/01/2020 - "Coal tar may be useful for atopic hand and foot eczema. " 04/01/2010 - "Coal tar is an effective treatment for psoriasis and eczema, but it contains several carcinogenic compounds. " 09/01/2007 - "This study was conducted as part of the ongoing LATER-study ("Late effects of coal tar treatment in eczema and psoriasis; the Radboud study"). " 01/01/2007 - "Coal tar is one of the oldest treatments for psoriasis and eczema. " 12/01/2018 - "Cigarette smoke contains compounds similar to coal tar, an ancient remedy of eczema. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	calcipotriene (calcipotriol)
2.	Ointments (Pastes)
3.	Adrenal Cortex Hormones (Corticosteroids)
4.	Salicylic Acid (2 Hydroxybenzoic Acid)
5.	betamethasone-17,21-dipropionate (betamethasone dipropionate)
6.	Anthralin (Dithranol)
7.	Solutions
8.	Fluocinonide (Lidex)
9.	1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (Tacalcitol)
10.	Emollients

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics
2.	Phototherapy (Light Therapy)
3.	Traditional Medicine (Folk Remedies)
4.	Ambulatory Care (Outpatient Care)
5.	Massage (Zone Therapy)