Cerebral Palsy (Spastic Diplegia)

2005  relevant articles (117 outcomes, 302 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Spastic Diplegia; Cerebral Palsy, Congenital; Cerebral Palsy, Spastic; Athetoid Cerebral Palsy; Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy; CP (Cerebral Palsy); Cerebral Palsy, Athetoid; Cerebral Palsy, Atonic; Cerebral Palsy, Diplegic, Infantile; Cerebral Palsy, Dyskinetic; Cerebral Palsy, Dystonic-Rigid; Cerebral Palsy, Hypotonic; Cerebral Palsy, Mixed; Cerebral Palsy, Monoplegic, Infantile; Cerebral Palsy, Quadriplegic, Infantile; Cerebral Palsy, Rolandic Type; Congenital Cerebral Palsy; Diplegia, Spastic; Infantile Cerebral Palsy, Diplegic; Infantile Cerebral Palsy, Monoplegic; Infantile Cerebral Palsy, Quadriplegic; Little's Disease; Monoplegic Infantile Cerebral Palsy; Rolandic Type Cerebral Palsy; Atonic Cerebral Palsy; Cerebral Palsies, Athetoid; Cerebral Palsies, Dyskinetic; Cerebral Palsies, Dystonic-Rigid; Cerebral Palsies, Monoplegic; Cerebral Palsy, Dystonic Rigid; Cerebral Palsy, Monoplegic; Diplegias, Spastic; Dystonic-Rigid Cerebral Palsies; Dystonic-Rigid Cerebral Palsy; Hypotonic Cerebral Palsies; Hypotonic Cerebral Palsy; Mixed Cerebral Palsies; Mixed Cerebral Palsy; Monoplegic Cerebral Palsies; Spastic Cerebral Palsies; Spastic Cerebral Palsy; Spastic Diplegias; Diplegic Infantile Cerebral Palsy; Little Disease; Monoplegic Cerebral Palsy; Quadriplegic Infantile Cerebral Palsy

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Muscle Spasticity (Spastic)
2.	Congenital Abnormalities (Deformity)
3.	Sialorrhea
4.	Dystonia (Limb Dystonia)
5.	Equinus Deformity

Experts

1.	Miller, Freeman: 18 articles (10/2008 - 02/2002)
2.	Dabney, Kirk W: 8 articles (10/2008 - 02/2002)
3.	Graham, H Kerr: 7 articles (01/2008 - 12/2002)
4.	Graham, H K: 7 articles (09/2003 - 01/2000)
5.	Park, Eun Sook: 6 articles (08/2008 - 04/2004)
6.	Becher, Jules G: 6 articles (06/2008 - 05/2005)
7.	Heinen, F: 6 articles (04/2006 - 02/2000)
8.	Steinbok, Paul: 5 articles (09/2007 - 03/2002)
9.	Berweck, Steffen: 5 articles (11/2006 - 01/2004)
10.	Heinen, Florian: 5 articles (11/2006 - 01/2004)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Cerebral Palsy:

1.	Botulinum Toxins (Botulinum Toxin)IBA 05/01/2002 - "Nevertheless, our study suggests that the botulinum toxin is a well-tolerated anti-spasticity treatment that is effective for the hip adductors providing an important contribution to the management of non-ambulatory cerebral palsy children." 11/01/2007 - "Repeat injection of botulinum toxin A is safe and effective for upper limb movement and function in children with cerebral palsy." 01/01/2002 - "CONCLUSION: Botulinum toxin A injection is a well tolerated, safe and effective procedure in the treatment of children with spastic cerebral palsy." 01/01/2000 - "OBJECTIVES: To determine whether botulinum toxin (BtA) is an effective and safe treatment for lower limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy" 10/01/1995 - "Botulinum toxin A provides a safe and effective adjuvant treatment of dystonic skilled movements and gait disorders in children with cerebral palsy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Botulinum Toxin Type A (Botox)FDA Link 07/01/2000 - "Beneficial effects persisted for 10 to 12 mo in most patients, with three patients exhibiting benefits for at least 20 mo. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study indicate that a very low dose of botulinum toxin type A combined with'rehabilitation therapy resulted in a long-lasting decrease in spasticity and an improvement in gait in children with cerebral palsy." 10/01/2003 - "In conclusion, intramuscular botulinum toxin type A administration may be effective in children with cerebral palsy, especially at week 4 and when injected in gastrocnemius." 04/01/2003 - "CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the premise that botulinum toxin type A injections are effective in reducing upper limb spasticity and in improving movement pattern and fine motor function of patients with spastic cerebral palsy" 12/01/2006 - "Botulinum toxin type A can be both safe and effective in relieving spasticity in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy" 01/01/2001 - "Botulinum toxin type A is well tolerated, safe, and effective in the treatment of patients with spastic cerebral palsy" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	BaclofenFDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2007 - "Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy can be very effective in the treatment of intractable spasticity, but its effectiveness and safety have not yet been thoroughly studied in children with cerebral palsy (CP)" 09/01/2008 - "BACKGROUND: Intrathecal baclofen (ITB) is an effective treatment of spasticity in patients with cerebral palsy" 06/01/1998 - "Intrathecal baclofen infusion (IBI) is an effective treatment for spasticity secondary to cerebral palsy (CP)" 07/01/2005 - "The purpose of this study was to assess whether there is an improvement in motor function in persons with cerebral palsy (CP) who have had a reduction of muscle tone by continuous intrathecal baclofen infusion" 12/01/2002 - "OBJECTIVES: To describe the efficacy of intrathecal baclofen (ITB) therapy in the management of spasticity in young children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to identify risk factors for complications" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	pamidronate (APD)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2006 - "The aim of this study was to test the efficacy of low doses of pamidronate in increasing bone mineral density (BMD) in non-ambulatory children and adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP)" 02/01/2005 - "Eighteen osteoporotic (Z-score at or below 2.5) nonambulatory children with cerebral palsy or a neuromuscular disorder received cyclic intravenous administration of pamidronate" 11/01/2002 - "CONCLUSIONS: In this small controlled clinical trial, pamidronate was found to be a safe and very effective agent to increase BMD in nonambulatory children with cerebral palsy." 11/01/2002 - "OBJECTIVE: To evaluate in a double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial the safety and efficacy of intravenous pamidronate to treat osteopenia in nonambulatory children with cerebral palsy" 02/01/2005 - "Cyclic administration of pamidronate to treat osteoporosis in children with cerebral palsy or a neuromuscular disorder: a clinical study." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	FlexorIBA 03/01/2002 - "The results of this study show that intramuscular psoas lengthening over the pelvic brim is a safe and effective way to improve the hip function of independently ambulatory children with cerebral palsy while maintaining hip flexor power" 03/01/2002 - "The efficacy of psoas surgery for the treatment of hip flexor dysfunction in cerebral palsy has long been a subject of debate" 09/01/1995 - "This study investigated changes in knee extensor and flexor strength of 17 mildly involved adolescents with cerebral palsy in response to an eight-week isokinetic strength-training program" 09/01/1990 - "Electromyographic studies were performed on 13 patients with cerebral palsy before and after flexor carpi ulnaris transfers" 07/01/2008 - "Tenotomy of the adductor and flexor muscles enables hip reduction without opening the joint capsule in quadriplegic cerebral palsy patients" Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Magnesium Sulfate (Sulfate, Magnesium)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/1996 - "CONCLUSIONS: A randomized trial of maternally administered intrapartum magnesium sulfate to reduce the rate of cerebral palsy in surviving preterm neonates would be a formidable undertaking, requiring a concerted multicentered effort." 09/01/1996 - "The feasibility of a randomized clinical perinatal trial: maternal magnesium sulfate for the prevention of cerebral palsy." 08/28/2008 - "CONCLUSIONS: Fetal exposure to magnesium sulfate before anticipated early preterm delivery did not reduce the combined risk of moderate or severe cerebral palsy or death, although the rate of cerebral palsy was reduced among survivors" 08/28/2008 - "However, in a prespecified secondary analysis, moderate or severe cerebral palsy occurred significantly less frequently in the magnesium sulfate group (1.9% vs. 3.5%; relative risk, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.95)" 08/28/2008 - "A randomized, controlled trial of magnesium sulfate for the prevention of cerebral palsy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Nitrous Oxide (Laughing Gas)IBA 03/01/2003 - "The efficacy of nitrous oxide (N2O) inhalation on the elevated orofacial muscle tonus during dental treatment in patients with cerebral palsy (CP) was studied by measuring the mean frequency of electromyographic (EMG) discharge, blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) taking mentally retarded patients (MR) as a control" 03/01/2003 - "Effect of nitrous oxide on dental patients with cerebral palsy -- using an electromyogram (EMG) from orofacial muscles as an index." 02/01/1995 - "Nitrous oxide depresses the H-reflex in children with cerebral palsy." 02/01/1995 - "Children with tendon hyperreflexia due to cerebral palsy usually have higher amplitude HRs. Nitrous oxide (N2O) depresses the HR in patients with normal spinal reflexes, although the effect of N2O in conditions with hyperreflexia such as cerebral palsy is not known" 11/01/1991 - "The efficacy of nitrous oxide (N2O) and oxygen (O2) inhalation in reducing involuntary movements in cerebral palsy (CP) dental patients was examined using electromyography (EMG) and H-reflex techniques" Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	OxygenIBA 05/01/2005 - "Interpretation and implementation of oxygen uptake kinetics studies in children with spastic cerebral palsy." 07/01/2002 - "We conducted a double-blind placebo study to investigate the claim that hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBO2) improves the cognitive status of children with cerebral palsy (CP)" 02/24/2001 - "INTERPRETATION: In this study, hyperbaric oxygen did not improve the condition of children with cerebral palsy compared with slightly pressurised air" 06/01/1994 - "This study examines the test-retest reliability of the ventilatory threshold (VT) and the maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max) in adults with cerebral palsy (CP)" 07/01/1993 - "This study compared oxygen uptake, oxygen pulse, and the respiratory exchange ratio (RER) in children with cerebral palsy and nondisabled children walking on a treadmill" Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Diazepam (Valium)FDA LinkGeneric 04/01/2005 - "This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized controlled clinical trial studies the clinical efficacy of a low dose of diazepam in enhancing movement in children with spastic cerebral palsy" 04/01/2005 - "The efficacy of diazepam in enhancing motor function in children with spastic cerebral palsy." 08/21/1965 - "DIAZEPAM: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF ITS EFFECTS ON PATIENTS WITH ATHETOID CEREBRAL PALSY." 01/01/1964 - "Some observations on clinical trials with diazepam in cerebral palsy." 01/01/2005 - "Bedtime diazepam enhances well-being in children with spastic cerebral palsy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Glutamic Acid (Glutamate)FDA Link 06/24/2008 - "Perinatal white matter lesions associated with cerebral palsy appears to involve glutamate excitotoxicity" 02/01/2005 - "Intraneocortical injection of ibotenate, a glutamate analog, in newborn mice produces damage mimicking lesions observed in human infants with cerebral palsy" 07/01/2002 - "This vulnerability to the sustained elevation of glutamate may underlie ischemic induced damage to white matter tracts and contribute to cerebral palsy in premature infants." 01/01/2002 - "Perinatal white matter lesions associated with cerebral palsy appears to involve glutamate excitotoxicity and excess free radical production" 12/22/2005 - "Glutamate-mediated damage to oligodendrocytes contributes to mental or physical impairment in periventricular leukomalacia (pre- or perinatal white matter injury leading to cerebral palsy), spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis and stroke" Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Rhizotomy 05/01/1994 - "Many neurosurgeons have made a practice of sectioning the S2 dorsal roots during selective posterior rhizotomy for the treatment of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy, but the efficacy of this treatment has not previously been proven" 06/01/1998 - "Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) has been shown to be an effective treatment for the spasticity of cerebral palsy, but few studies have addressed specifically the side effects of the procedure" 02/01/2005 - "INTRODUCTION: Selective dorsal rhizotomy (SDR) is an effective treatment for lower extremity spasticity in cerebral palsy" 02/01/2002 - "BACKGROUND: It is well known that selective posterior rhizotomy is effective for relieving spasticity associated with cerebral palsy" 09/01/2001 - "OBJECTIVE: Selective Posterior Rhizotomy (SPR) is effective for reducing spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP)" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Orthotic Devices (Orthosis) 11/01/2007 - "Decreasing the spasticity of children with cerebral palsy leads to the improvement of conscious movements, muscles are less toned, passive mobility is improved, orthosis tolerance is also improved, and the child is enabled to perform easier and better motor functions such as crawling, standing and walking" 01/01/2008 - "Efficacy of ankle-foot orthoses on gait of children with cerebral palsy: systematic review of literature." 03/01/2002 - "A review of the efficacy of lower-limb orthoses used for cerebral palsy." 07/01/1986 - "Both qualitative and quantitative changes occurred, lending support to the efficacy of inhibitive orthoses in improving motor performance in children with cerebral palsy." 05/01/1986 - "Although these results support the efficacy of inhibitive orthoses for children with cerebral palsy, further, systematic, single-subject research is indicated." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Osteotomy 01/01/2005 - "This study shows that distal tibial osteotomy alone (without concomitant fibular osteotomy) is an effective and safe procedure for correcting and maintaining correction of tibial torsion in patients with cerebral palsy." 01/01/2004 - "PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The aim of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy of femoral osteotomy alone with that of osteotomy combined with an acetabular procedure in patients with unstable hips due to spastic cerebral palsy" 11/01/2008 - "This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of distal femoral extension osteotomy and/or patellar tendon advancement in the treatment of crouch gait in patients with cerebral palsy" 09/01/2007 - "This study evaluates the effects of early versus delayed weight bearing on the functional recovery of ambulatory children with cerebral palsy (CP) after they have undergone proximal femoral osteotomies (PFOs)" 01/01/2007 - "The present study was conducted to review the long-term results of femoral varus osteotomy with/without pelvic osteotomy of spastic cerebral palsy" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Spinal Fusion (Spondylosyndesis) 06/15/1998 - "METHODS: Data from 79 to 100 patients with total-body-involvement spastic cerebral palsy who underwent posterior Luque instrumentation, or anterior spinal fusion, or both, were adequate to be included in the study" 05/01/2007 - "CONCLUSIONS: Systematic spinal fusion cannot be generalized for this population of patients with cerebral palsy and total body involvement" 01/01/2004 - "Comparison of parents' and caregivers' satisfaction after spinal fusion in children with cerebral palsy." 03/01/2003 - "Preserving ambulatory potential in pediatric patients with cerebral palsy who undergo spinal fusion using unit rod instrumentation." 03/01/2003 - "The Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America outcomes questionnaire was prospectively administered to parents of patients with consecutively presenting, totally involved cerebral palsy before spinal fusion, 6 months after spinal fusion, and 1 year after spinal fusion" Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Tendon Transfer 03/01/1993 - "This suggests that the wire electromyogram is helpful in selecting the proper muscle for tendon transfer in the cerebral palsy hand." 11/01/2006 - "The purpose of this study was to assess the outcome of split posterior tibial tendon transfers in patients with spastic cerebral palsy to determine whether the use of preoperative dynamic electromyography was predictive of surgical success" 12/01/2007 - "Key words: cerebral palsy, surgical treatment, quadriceps tendon transfer." 12/01/2007 - "Distal rectus femoris tendon transfer in cerebral palsy patients]" 02/01/2004 - "BACKGROUND: Rectus femoris tendon transfer is performed in patients with cerebral palsy to improve knee flexion during walking" Order ALL the reference details at left...