Bulimia (Binge Eating)

Eating an excess amount of food in a short period of time, as seen in the disorder of BULIMIA NERVOSA. It is caused by an abnormal craving for food, or insatiable hunger also known as "ox hunger".

Also Known As:

Networked: 1717 relevant articles (144 outcomes, 306 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Weight Loss (Weight Reduction)
2.	Vomiting
3.	Binge-Eating Disorder (Binge Eating Disorder)
4.	Obesity
5.	Feeding and Eating Disorders (Eating Disorder)

Experts

1.	McElroy, Susan L: 38 articles (01/2022 - 09/2002)
2.	Crosby, Ross D: 27 articles (01/2022 - 05/2003)
3.	Bulik, Cynthia M: 24 articles (01/2022 - 04/2006)
4.	Klump, Kelly L: 23 articles (10/2021 - 07/2007)
5.	Grilo, Carlos M: 22 articles (01/2021 - 05/2005)
6.	Mitchell, James E: 21 articles (01/2020 - 05/2003)
7.	Keck, Paul E: 19 articles (02/2018 - 11/2002)
8.	Crow, Scott J: 18 articles (01/2022 - 12/2004)
9.	Wonderlich, Stephen A: 18 articles (01/2022 - 05/2003)
10.	Guerdjikova, Anna I: 18 articles (01/2020 - 02/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Bulimia:

1.	Antidepressive Agents (Antidepressants)IBA 04/01/2008 - "Data from the meta-analysis revealed that binge-eating remission rates were higher in patients receiving antidepressants when compared with placebo. " 07/01/1986 - "More than 30 reports, including 9 placebo-controlled, double-blind studies, have assessed the efficacy of various medications, mostly antidepressants, for the treatment of bulimia. " 05/01/2001 - "Antidepressants are also effective in reducing binge eating, though less so than psychotherapy. " 02/01/1996 - "Antidepressant agents seem to be effective in reducing the frequency of binge-eating episodes, purging behavior and depressive symptomatology. " 09/01/1985 - "The available literature indicates that behavioral techniques and antidepressant medication are effective for the symptoms of bulimia. "
2.	Fluoxetine (Prozac)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/1991 - "The most effective medication for bulimia reported to date is fluoxetine hydrochloride (Prozac). " 11/01/2002 - "Compared with placebo-treated subjects, subjects receiving fluoxetine (mean +/- SD endpoint dose = 71.3 +/- 11.4 mg/day) had a significantly greater reduction in frequency of binge eating (p =.033), body mass index (p <.0001), weight (p =.001), and severity of illness (p =.032) and a marginally significant reduction in HAM-D scores (p =.061). " 01/01/2006 - "This 12-week open label study was performed to assess the efficacy of buspirone-5-HT1A receptor agonist in the treatment of bulimia, and to compare it with the efficacy of fluoxetine --the standard treatment of BN. " 04/01/2001 - "On the other hand, the efficacy of fluoxetine in BN patients in reducing the frequency of binge eating and in the severity of behavioral abnormalities is quite impressive. " 01/01/1999 - "Two parallel, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled fluoxetine clinical trials were retrospectively analyzed to determine the effect of comorbid depression on bulimia treatment response. "
3.	Topiramate (Topamax)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/2003 - "The EAT showed significant improvement in the topiramate group compared with the placebo group for the bulimia/food preoccupation (p =.019) and dieting (p =.031) subscales and the total score (p =.022). " 02/01/2003 - "Compared with placebo, topiramate was associated with a significantly greater rate of reduction in binge frequency, binge day frequency, body mass index, weight, and scores on the Clinical Global Impression severity scale and the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (modified for binge eating). " 05/01/2007 - "Topiramate induced binge eating remission in 58% of patients (placebo, 29%; p < .001). " 06/26/2023 - "SipNose-topiramate was studied vis-à-vis its safety and feasibility as a PRN-treatment for reducing the number of binge-eating events. " 06/26/2023 - "SipNose-topiramate: a potential novel approach to binge eating management."
4.	Naltrexone (ReVia)FDA LinkGeneric 11/01/2019 - "Further study is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of naltrexone prospectively and evaluate factors contributing to naltrexone response vs. nonresponse to promote an individualized approach to treatment of binge eating and purging behavior." 11/01/2019 - "Previous studies have demonstrated that naltrexone reduces binge eating and purging in adults, yet evidence for its use in adolescents is lacking. " 05/01/1988 - "Four individuals in the low-dose group who were crossed over to high-dose naltrexone at the end of the study went on to experience significant reductions in binge eating and purging. " 05/01/1988 - "Sixteen individuals with bulimia consented to a 6-week trial of naltrexone, receiving either standard dosages of 50-100 mg each day or high dosages of 200-300 mg each day. " 07/01/2014 - "Naltrexone, when administered systemically and into the NAcc, reduced FR1 responding for food and motivation to eat under a progressive ratio in both Chow and Palatable rats; conversely, when administered into the mPFC, the effects were highly selective for binge eating rats. "
5.	Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors)IBA 04/01/2014 - "Some patients with symptoms of binge eating and purging are successfully treated with specific serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), but others experience only partial or no benefit. " 04/01/2008 - "Regarding binge eating disorder (BED), adult literature shows positive short-term effects on binge eating for both pharmacological (especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) and behavioural interventions, but unclear effects on weight. " 01/01/2005 - "In previous studies, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors have demonstrated efficacy in reducing the frequency of binge eating and addressing comorbid psychiatric disorders, but they have not shown the ability to promote weight loss. " 05/01/1999 - "The SSRIs also have predictable effects in a range of other affective disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder, anxiety and bulimia, the efficacy varying between the different SSRIs. " 12/01/1994 - "Other potential indications for SSRIs include obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, bulimia, and chronic pain syndromes. "
6.	Lisdexamfetamine DimesylateFDA Link 11/01/2017 - "Its approval was based on the results of two pivotal short-term (12 weeks) phase III studies, which showed a significantly greater reduction in binge eating days/week at the end of the study with lisdexamfetamine 50-70 mg/day than with placebo. " 01/01/2016 - "Meta-analysis of data pooled from three acute RCTs significantly favored lisdexamfetamine over placebo in the reduction of binge eating days/week, Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale Modified for Binge Eating total score, weight, response, and remission rates (all, P≤0.01). " 09/20/2016 - "Lisdexamfetamine (mean difference [MD], -6.50 [CI, -8.82 to -4.18]) and SGAs (MD, -3.84 [CI, -6.55 to -1.13]) reduced binge-eating-related obsessions and compulsions, and SGAs reduced symptoms of depression (MD, -1.97 [CI, -3.67 to -0.28]). " 10/01/2022 - "The effects of lisdexamfetamine dimesylate on eating behaviour and homeostatic, reward and cognitive processes in women with binge-eating symptoms: an experimental medicine study." 01/01/2018 - "However, IPT, SSRI, and lisdexamfetamine received only modest support in terms of cessation of or reduction in the frequency of binge eating. "
7.	Bupropion (Wellbutrin)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1988 - "Treatment of bulimia with bupropion: a multicenter controlled trial." 05/01/1989 - "Therapeutic effectiveness of bupropion for bulimia: a possible artifact." 10/01/2018 - "Although abuse of bupropion to achieve euphoria or a stimulant-like effect has been described in the literature, to our knowledge abuse of bupropion XR to control binge eating and reduce appetite by a patient with eating disorder has not been previously reported. " 04/01/2013 - "Bupropion did not improve binge eating, food craving, or associated eating disorder features or depression relative to placebo. " 04/01/2002 - "Sleep deprivation, previous history of attention deficit disorder and bulimia, and previous heavy alcohol use were associated in three of the patients taking bupropion who had seizures. "
8.	sibutramine (Meridia)FDA Link 11/01/2003 - "Sibutramine was also associated with a significantly greater rate of reduction in Binge Eating Scale (t202 = 3.64; P<.001) and Beck Depression Inventory (t201 = 3.72; P<.001) scores. " 05/01/2003 - "There was a significant difference in the number of kilocalories consumed between the sibutramine and placebo conditions, with a significant reduction of intake during binge-eating episodes on sibutramine. " 01/01/2008 - "This trial demonstrated the efficacy of sibutramine in reducing binge eating, weight, and associated psychopathology." 05/01/2003 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of sibutramine vs. placebo on binge-eating behavior, hunger, and satiety in patients who had problems with binge eating. " 05/01/2003 - "Sibutramine suppresses intake during binge-eating episodes. "
9.	BaclofenFDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2012 - "These results indicate that baclofen may be a useful treatment for binge eating in some patients." 12/01/2007 - "In this open-label trial, baclofen was associated with decreased binge eating frequency in patients with BED and BN." 12/01/2007 - "Baclofen for binge eating: an open-label trial." 09/01/2012 - "This placebo-controlled, double-blind, crossover study further assessed the effects of baclofen on binge eating. " 09/01/2012 - "Baclofen reduces binge eating in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study."
10.	Serotonin (5 Hydroxytryptamine)IBA 10/01/2003 - "Furthermore, there seems to be a link between improved 5-HT transporter binding and reduced binge eating." 12/01/2009 - "The current study investigated these issues by examining whether quantitative traits (i.e., impulsivity) and environmental exposure factors (i.e., dietary restraint) moderate 5-HT gene/binge eating associations in a sample of young women (N = 344). " 05/21/2007 - "Previous studies support the existence of a bulimia-related endophenotype as well as disturbances in serotonin (5-HT) transmission. " 06/01/2004 - "In conclusion, this study extends research suggesting that altered 5-HT neuronal system activity persists after recovery from bulimia-type AN, particularly in subgenual cingulate regions. " 09/01/2022 - "The results reveal that brain serotonin deficiency is sufficient to increase binge eating in males, but not females. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/2022 - "This study explored the efficacy of a novel intervention integrating Cognitive Behavioural Therapy- Enhanced (CBT-E) and weight management for people with recurrent binge eating episodes and high BMI with respect to physical, psychopathological and quality of life outcomes. " 06/01/2019 - "Behavioral, cognitive-behavioral, and third-wave (e.g., acceptance, mindfulness) therapies appear effective in improving binge eating, loss of control eating, emotional eating, associated features (e.g., weight and shape concerns), and psychological distress (e.g., depression). " 11/01/2017 - "A question that arises from the literature on therapy is whether second-level treatment is effective for patients with recurrent binge eating who fail first-level treatment. " 07/03/2009 - "Long-term therapy decreased depression and binge eating symptoms, body image dissatisfaction, and improved QOL in girls, whereas, for boys, 24 weeks, were effective to reduce anxiety trait/state and symptoms of binge eating, and to improve means of dimensions of QOL (p < .05). " 06/26/2023 - "Its findings introduce a potential approach to BED management both as an intranasal and as a PRN therapy for reducing binge-eating events, with a large-scale reduction in patient drug exposure and side effects and with improved patient quality of life. "
2.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/2016 - "Genetic studies with this panel if using evidence-based design, detailed and quantitative analysis of the family history of binge eating can give good results for: 1) assessment of the genetic risk of ВЕD for primary prevention programs; 2) identification of the specific clinical forms of development and course of ВЕD with significant genetic influence; 3) identification of the specific genetic variants that increase the effectiveness of personalized pharmacotherapy of ВЕD within pharmacogenetic approach. " 01/01/2021 - "Few evidence-based treatments for BED exist; a pharmacotherapy effective in reducing both binge eating and weight needs to be identified. " 07/01/2002 - "We examined the results of controlled clinical trials of pharmacotherapies for bulimia published from 1980 to 1999. " 02/01/1989 - "The authors review clinical data, family studies, pharmacotherapy, and the neurobiology of bulimia and discuss the nature of the relationship between depression and bulimia." 01/01/2023 - "Our purpose is to provide an overview of the potential pharmacotherapies or compounds tested in established rodent models of binge eating behavior. "
3.	Aftercare (After-Treatment) 04/01/2008 - "Participants with lower baseline depression scores were more likely to have partial remission (no longer meeting study entry criteria) after treatment (OR 0.93; p <.01), whereas those with fewer binge-eating/purging episodes at baseline were more likely to have partial remission at follow-up (OR 0.98; p <.05). " 01/01/2018 - "One year after treatment, women in the BST condition decreased in binge eating frequency and women in the CBT condition did not, whereas women in both conditions improved in weight and global functioning. " 01/01/2012 - "Full remission from depression and binge-eating/purging episodes was sustained more than 2 months after treatment completion. " 09/19/2023 - "The primary outcome is the total of binge eating and purging behaviors assessed before and after treatment by an independent assessor. " 02/19/2022 - "The primary clinical endpoint is binge-eating (BE) frequency in terms of changes in BE episodes four weeks after treatment termination as compared to baseline. "
4.	Bariatric Surgery 10/27/2023 - "This study is the first, to the best of our knowledge, to investigate the relationship between interpersonal difficulties and binge eating among bariatric surgery candidates. " 02/17/2023 - "The aim of the present study was to determine possible associations between binge eating, depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in obese candidates for bariatric surgery. " 01/01/2023 - "The current study sought to examine the association between binge eating and childhood abuse and/or neglect and household dysfunction and to explore whether the strength of the relationship between adverse childhood experiences and binge eating differs across levels of food insecurity in patients seeking bariatric surgery. " 12/01/2020 - "The present study aimed to examine the interrater reliability of the EDE, and an alternative classification of size-specific thresholds of binge-eating episodes in a postoperative bariatric surgery sample. " 01/01/2020 - "This study investigated the utility of DSM-5 indicators of loss of control (LOC) eating in adult bariatric surgery patients who presented with binge-eating episodes. "
5.	Gastric Bypass (Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass) 01/01/2018 - "Binge eating and other eating-related problems in adolescents undergoing gastric bypass: results from a Swedish nationwide study (AMOS)." 01/01/2016 - "This study provides new, valuable information on the intensity and variation of binge eating symptoms one year after gastric bypass, which, to the best of our knowledge, have not been studied in depth earlier." 04/01/2011 - "The present study compared presurgical depressive symptomatology, binge eating symptoms, and psychopathology in Caucasian and African American laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and gastric bypass (RYGB) patients. " 04/01/2010 - "This study sought to (a) compare the prevalence and severity of binge eating symptomatology and BED diagnosis in Hispanic, African American, and Caucasian women presenting for gastric bypass surgery, (b) examine the impact of depressive symptoms and stress on binge eating symptomatology, and (c) investigate whether ethnicity moderated any relationship between depression, stress, and binge eating. " 04/01/2007 - "This study aims to investigate whether the presence of binge eating before Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) influences weight outcomes. "