Chronic Brain Damage

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46 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 4 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY SYNDROMES; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.

Also Known As:

Brain Damage, Chronic; Chronic Encephalopathy; Encephalopathy, Chronic

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Nervous System Diseases: 3414

Central Nervous System Diseases: 930

Brain Diseases: 1120

Chronic Brain Damage: 46

Cerebral Palsy: 2004

Persistent Vegetative State: 253

Chronic Brain Injury: 17

Related Diseases

1.	Syndrome
2.	Liver Cirrhosis (Hepatic Cirrhosis)
3.	Fibrosis (Cirrhosis)
4.	Hemorrhage
5.	Brachial Plexus Neuritis (Parsonage Turner Syndrome)

Experts

1.	van der Laan, G: 1 article (06/2001)
2.	van der Hoek, J A: 1 article (06/2001)
3.	Hageman, G: 1 article (06/2001)
4.	Verberk, M M: 1 article (06/2001)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Chronic Brain Damage:

1.	Branched-Chain Amino AcidsIBA 10/01/1982 - "The therapeutic efficacy of orally administered branched-chain amino acids in patients with liver cirrhosis and chronic encephalopathy was examined in a double blind, randomised crossover study" 03/01/1996 - "CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of the two largest, long-term studies, the use of oral branched-chain amino acids in the prevention and treatment of chronic encephalopathy may only be proposed for patients with advanced cirrhosis, intolerant to alimentary proteins" 05/01/2004 - "Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is associated with increased branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), their keto acids (BCKA), and acute or chronic encephalopathy" 07/01/1990 - "The supplementation of oral branched-chain amino acids to the diet is superior to casein as a treatment for providing adequate nitrogen supply and improving the mental state of cirrhotic patients with chronic encephalopathy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Lactulose (Duphalac)FDA LinkGeneric 02/01/1997 - "BACKGROUND: Therapeutic trials suggest that lactulose is an effective treatment of acute and chronic encephalopathy in cirrhotic patients" 05/01/1983 - "In two patients, shunt revision was undertaken electively for chronic encephalopathy, which had been unresponsive to low-protein diet, intestinal antibiosis and oral lactulose" 05/01/1993 - "The data prove that a mainly vegetable protein diet is worthwhile in cirrhotic patients with chronic encephalopathy under optimum lactulose therapy" 05/01/1993 - "Clinical effectiveness of lactitol, in long-term treatment of chronic encephalopathy, is similar to those of lactulose" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	TolueneIBA 11/01/1988 - "There was a significantly greater prevalence of mild chronic encephalopathy and organic affective syndrome in the toluene-exposed group." 07/01/1989 - "4. Chronic encephalopathy and dementia are the most serious consequence of solvent exposure, particularly to toluene in abusers and to mixed solvents in industrial workers" Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	NitrogenIBA 07/01/1990 - "The supplementation of oral branched-chain amino acids to the diet is superior to casein as a treatment for providing adequate nitrogen supply and improving the mental state of cirrhotic patients with chronic encephalopathy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Caseins (Casein)IBA 07/01/1990 - "The supplementation of oral branched-chain amino acids to the diet is superior to casein as a treatment for providing adequate nitrogen supply and improving the mental state of cirrhotic patients with chronic encephalopathy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	ZincIBA 09/01/1984 - "22 cirrhotic patients with chronic encephalopathy were given oral zinc supplementation or placebo in a double-blind randomised trial" Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)IBA 03/01/1996 - "CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results of the two largest, long-term studies, the use of oral branched-chain amino acids in the prevention and treatment of chronic encephalopathy may only be proposed for patients with advanced cirrhosis, intolerant to alimentary proteins" Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	SolventsIBA 06/01/2001 - "Routine diagnostic procedures for chronic encephalopathy induced by solvents: survey of experts." 02/01/1986 - "The relationship between excessive exposure to organic solvents and subsequent development of chronic encephalopathy has been recognized for nearly 100 years" 01/01/1982 - "Chronic encephalopathy due to organic solvents was mostly subacute at the beginning, then a variety of clinical symptoms as well as partial or total regression were observed" 12/01/1990 - "Cerebrospinal fluid proteins in men with chronic encephalopathy after exposure to organic solvents." 07/01/1989 - "4. Chronic encephalopathy and dementia are the most serious consequence of solvent exposure, particularly to toluene in abusers and to mixed solvents in industrial workers" Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Styrene (Styrol)IBA 01/01/1985 - "Also they are at risk of acute and chronic illness, including dermatitis, toxic hepatitis, peripheral neuropathy, and chronic encephalopathy as a result of their occupational exposures to such materials as styrene, resins, solvents, paints, welding fumes, and coating systems" 02/01/1993 - "Data are reported of acute toxic encephalopathy developing under the effect of styrol, arsenic and manganese, chronic encephalopathy under the effect of such organic solvents as styrol and hydrogen sulphide, inorganic compounds of mercury, lead and manganese." Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Urea (Carbamide)FDA LinkGeneric 09/01/2007 - "Late-onset urea cycle disorders are characterized by chronic encephalopathy and a risk of hyperammonemic crises triggered by environmental stressors" 02/01/1983 - "Excluded were patients with g.i. bleeding within the last six months, chronic encephalopathy, cancer, tuberculosis or the following complications persisting after three weeks: acute encephalopythy, fever greater than 38 degrees C, infected ascites or biochemical abnormalities: blood urea greater than 8 mmol/l, natremia less than 130 mmol/l, kaliemia less than 2.5 or greater than 5.5 mmol/l, WBC greater than 12000 mm3, total bilirubin greater than 85.5 mumol/l" Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Surgical Portasystemic Shunt (Portosystemic Shunt) 04/01/2001 - "OBJECTIVE: In the present study we evaluated the predictive value of pretransjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) portal perfusion as assessed by Doppler ultrasonography for the onset of chronic encephalopathy after TIPS" Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Surgical Splenorenal Shunt (Splenorenal Shunt) 05/01/1989 - "We describe the blockage of a splenorenal shunt using interventional radiology, in a patient with incapacitating chronic encephalopathy" 10/01/1981 - "Recently, a selective shunt, the distal splenorenal shunt, has achieved some degree of popularity and, apparently, is associated with less chronic encephalopathy" 10/01/1981 - "There has been no chronic encephalopathy, three individual episodes of encephalopathy, two in the central splenorenal shunt group and one in the distal splenorenal shunt group, two associated with gastrointestinal bleeding and one with intercurrent infection and overdiuresis" Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Surgical Portacaval Shunt (Portacaval Anastomosis) 06/01/1980 - "The preoperative estimation of portal pressure-diverted portal flow curve slope anticipates the hepatic vascular response to portacaval anastomosis and identifies a group of patients in whom loss of portal blood flow results in a low residual intrahepatic venous pressure that is associated with early death and chronic encephalopathy." 04/01/1996 - "In patients with variceal bleeding and failure of first line treatments, such as sclerosis or pharmacology, the partial H-portacaval shunt and non-shunting procedures are good alternatives, with low incidence of rebleeding and chronic encephalopathy." Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Colectomy 09/01/1983 - "Abdominal colectomy for chronic encephalopathy." 01/01/1983 - "Abdominal colectomy for chronic encephalopathy due to portal-systemic shunt." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Balloon Occlusion 01/01/1997 - "Severe disabling chronic encephalopathy occurred in five patients; it could be reversed successfully by balloon occlusion of the shunt in three" Order ALL the reference details at left...

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