alpha-2-Antiplasmin (alpha 2 Antiplasmin)

A member of the serpin superfamily found in plasma that inhibits the lysis of fibrin clots which are induced by plasminogen activator. It is a glycoprotein, molecular weight approximately 70,000 that migrates in the alpha 2 region in immunoelectrophoresis. It is the principal plasmin inactivator in blood, rapidly forming a very stable complex with plasmin.

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Networked: 177 relevant articles (4 outcomes, 9 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Experts

1.	Pasterkamp, Gerard: 3 articles (10/2014 - 10/2013)
2.	Uiterwaal, Cuno S P M: 3 articles (10/2014 - 10/2013)
3.	Visseren, Frank L J: 3 articles (10/2014 - 10/2013)
4.	de Kleijn, Dominique P V: 3 articles (10/2014 - 10/2013)
5.	Uitte de Willige, Shirley: 2 articles (01/2015 - 06/2011)
6.	Schoneveld, Arjan H: 2 articles (10/2014 - 10/2013)
7.	Kanhai, Danny A: 2 articles (01/2014 - 10/2013)
8.	Kappelle, L Jaap: 2 articles (01/2014 - 10/2013)
9.	SMART Study Group: 2 articles (01/2014 - 10/2013)
10.	van der Graaf, Yolanda: 2 articles (01/2014 - 10/2013)

Related Diseases

1.	Toxemia 01/01/1988 - "3) The plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex in toxemia was significantly greater than that in normal pregnancy (p less than 0.001), and became very high as the severity of toxemia increased (p less than 0.05). " 01/01/1988 - "In the mild toxemia group, the plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex became greater as AT-III decreased and a significant negative correlation was observed (r = -0.59, p less than 0.05), whereas in severe toxemia, the complex did not increase as AT-III decreased and no correlation could be observed. " 11/01/1990 - "In this study, blood coagulation and fibrinolytic parameters were measured in maternal blood and fetal umbilical cord blood in 200 normal pregnant women and in 46 with severe toxemia of pregnancy (Toxemia), and the relationships between fetal growth and concentrations protein C (PC), antithrombin-III (AT-III) and alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor (alpha 2-PI) were studied. " 01/01/1988 - "The levels of plasminogen, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor and factor XIII decreased and plasma bradykinin increased in toxemia. "
2.	Hemorrhage 12/01/2020 - "It illustrates the importance of considering alpha-2 antiplasmin deficiency in the work-up of patients who present with a severe bleeding phenotype and may have normal coagulation screening tests. " 12/01/2020 - "Congenital alpha-2 antiplasmin deficiency is a rare, often misdiagnosed coagulopathy that may result in severe hemorrhage. " 11/01/2019 - "A rare cause of bleeding in two Indian families with congenital alpha-2-antiplasmin deficiency." 01/01/2019 - "Abnormal fibrinolysis recognized by thromboelastography in a case of severe bleeding with normal coagulation and platelet function, leads to detection of a novel SERPINF2 variant causing severe alpha-2-antiplasmin deficiency." 05/01/1997 - "Severe postadenoidectomy bleeding revealing congenital alpha 2 antiplasmin deficiency in a child."
3.	Infarction (Infarctions) 12/01/1990 - "The elevation of fibrinogen and plasmin-alpha 2 plasmin inhibitor complex levels in the acute stage was significantly greater in patients with an infarct size greater than 10 mm2 compared to patients with an infarct size less than 10 mm2. " 05/01/1988 - "Eleven patients (55%) had patent infarct-related coronary arteries and fibrinogen, plasminogen and alpha-2 antiplasmin levels had decreased to 58 +/- 29%, 38 +/- 18% and 21 +/- 14%, respectively. " 08/01/1990 - "Coronary patency was determined by coronary arteriography of the infarct-related artery and haematological parameters (fibrinogen, plasminogen, alpha 2-antiplasmin and fibrin(ogen) degradation products) measured at 90 min. Coronary patency increased in a dose-related manner to 53% (95% C.I. 37-69%) in the 100 mg/90 min group. "
4.	Ganglion Cysts (Ganglion) 06/12/2003 - "After intravitreal injection of plasmin inhibitor, alpha-2 antiplasmin, we found a significant protection against optic nerve ligation-induced ganglion cell loss. "
5.	Sepsis (Septicemia) 06/01/1997 - "To investigate prospectively whether plasma levels of plasminogen or the ratio of plasminogen to alpha-2-antiplasmin have a prognostic value for survival from sepsis and to study the variation of other hemostatic parameters during septicemia. " 05/01/1991 - "Increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) antigen levels in plasma from patients with septicemia decreased the ratio of the plasma clot lysis rate induced by an anti-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor monoclonal antibody to the tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) concentration. " 01/01/1992 - "To estimate the degree of coagulopathy in abdominal sepsis, we measured the plasma levels of prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 (F1 + 2), thrombin-antithrombin III complex (TAT) and plasmin-alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 38 patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). " 01/15/1990 - "Patients defined as having fulminant septicemia (n = 13) with high (greater than 700 ng/L) levels of endotoxin (LPS) in plasma and severe coagulopathy, had significantly lower functional levels of plasminogen (P less than 0.05) and alpha-2-antiplasmin (P less than 0.01) and higher antigen levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) (P less than 0.01), and fibrin degradation products (FDP) (P less than 0.01), but not of PAI-2 (P greater than 0.1) as compared with less severely ill patients (meningitis and meningococcemia) (n = 25). " 02/01/2000 - "Standard coagulation data and molecular markers of coagulation activation and fibrinolytic activity (soluble thrombomodulin, protein C, free protein S, thrombin/antithrombin III complex, plasmin-alpha 2-antiplasmin complex, tissue plasminogen activator, platelet factor 4, beta-thromboglobulin were measured from arterial blood samples on the day of admission to the intensive care unit (trauma/neurosurgery patients) or on the day of diagnosis of sepsis (baseline value) and serially during the next 5 days. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Fibrinolysin
2.	Fibrinogen (Factor I)
3.	Dacarbazine (DIC)
4.	Antifibrinolytic Agents (Antifibrinolytics)
5.	fibrin fragment D (D-dimer)
6.	formycin diphosphate (FDP)
7.	antithrombin III-protease complex
8.	Plasminogen
9.	Antithrombin III
10.	Protein C

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Intravitreal Injections
2.	Ligation
3.	Thrombolytic Therapy
4.	Therapeutics
5.	Intravenous Administration