Alcoholism (Alcohol Abuse)

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6522 relevant articles (231 outcomes, 798 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: A primary, chronic disease with genetic, psychosocial, and environmental factors influencing its development and manifestations. The disease is often progressive and fatal. It is characterized by impaired control over drinking, preoccupation with the drug alcohol, use of alcohol despite adverse consequences, and distortions in thinking, most notably denial. Each of these symptoms may be continuous or periodic. (Morse & Flavin for the Joint Commission of the National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence and the American Society of Addiction Medicine to Study the Definition and Criteria for the Diagnosis of Alcoholism: in JAMA 1992;268:1012-4)

Also Known As:

Alcohol Abuse; Abuse, Alcohol; Chronic Alcoholic Intoxication; Intoxication, Chronic Alcoholic; Alcoholic Intoxication, Chronic

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Disorders of Environmental Origin

Substance-Related Disorders: 6011

Alcohol-Related Disorders: 36

Alcoholism: 6522

Mental Disorders: 1850

Substance-Related Disorders: 6011

Alcohol-Related Disorders: 36

Alcoholism: 6522

Related Diseases

1.	Substance-Related Disorders (Drug Abuse)
2.	Alcoholism (Alcohol Abuse)
3.	Infection
4.	Bipolar Disorder (Mania)
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer)

Experts

1.	Sher, Leo: 9 articles (01/2008 - 09/2002)
2.	Kornhuber, J: 8 articles (04/2008 - 01/2000)
3.	Bleich, S: 8 articles (04/2008 - 01/2000)
4.	Bleich, Stefan: 7 articles (12/2007 - 05/2004)
5.	Kornhuber, Johannes: 7 articles (12/2007 - 05/2004)
6.	Krystal, John H: 7 articles (09/2007 - 07/2003)
7.	Petrakis, Ismene L: 6 articles (10/2006 - 07/2003)
8.	Soyka, M: 6 articles (10/2005 - 06/2000)
9.	Szmitkowski, Maciej: 5 articles (06/2008 - 01/2006)
10.	Chrostek, Lech: 5 articles (06/2008 - 01/2006)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Alcoholism:

1.	Naltrexone (ReVia)FDA LinkGeneric 03/01/2003 - "As research continues on the optimal use of naltrexone for modifying alcohol intake, a number of factors have emerged that are likely to determine the efficacy of naltrexone as a pharmacotherapeutic agent for the treatment of alcoholism. " 01/01/2003 - "Although many physicians and others treating alcoholism have found naltrexone to be very helpful in treatment, it is still a technology that has not been used widely. " 01/01/1998 - "The majority indicated that it helped them understand "a good deal" about the management of alcoholism and the use of network therapy and naltrexone. " 09/01/1999 - "RATIONALE: Clinical studies have shown that the opioid antagonist naltrexone is effective in the treatment of alcoholism. " 07/01/2008 - "CONCLUSIONS: Naltrexone can be used effectively to treat alcoholism in remote and rural communities, with evidence of benefit for American Indians and Alaska Natives. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Disulfiram (Antabuse)FDA Link 08/01/2007 - "This case highlights the potential dangers of disulfiram, a drug that can be beneficial in the short term, but not proven to improve long-term outcome in the treatment of alcoholism." 05/01/2003 - "Controlled research has shown that supervised disulfiram is an effective treatment for alcoholism. " 01/01/1993 - "Disulfiram has been used effectively to deter alcohol consumption in patients with a history of alcohol abuse. " 04/01/1991 - "Disulfiram, widely used in avoidance therapy for alcohol abuse, has been shown to have protective effects against chemically induced toxicity and carcinogenesis. " 04/01/1988 - "Our recently completed Veterans Administration Cooperative Study evaluating the efficacy of disulfiram treatment for alcoholism provided an opportunity to assess the validity of self-report. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)IBA 10/01/2008 - "RESULTS: Ethanol revealed a marked decrease of burst activity in those patients suffering from alcoholism with increased alcohol concentration. " 11/01/1993 - "These results suggest that this ethanol-drinking animal model has high "predictive validity" and can be used effectively in the search for and identification of new agents for the treatment of alcohol abuse. " 01/01/2000 - "By attenuating the rewarding effects of ethanol or of ethanol conditioned cues (e.g., the operant environment), 5-HT3 antagonists may be useful in the treatment of alcohol abuse. " 01/01/1985 - "Future investigators may find them helpful in assessing theories on the etiology of alcoholism and in studies of ethanol's effects on subsets of alcohol abusers." 09/01/2009 - "Studies in both humans and animals suggest a positive relationship between the intake of ethanol and intake of fat, which may contribute to alcohol abuse. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	AcetaldehydeIBA 08/01/2009 - "The partial protection against alcoholism has been ascribed to the faster elimination of acetaldehyde by residual hepatic ALDH2 activity and the lower accumulation in circulation in nonalcoholic heterozygotes. " 07/01/2006 - "Future studies are needed to assess alcohol outcome expectancies at different phases of alcohol dependence and to evaluate the concurrent relationships of blood levels of acetaldehyde with physiological and psychological outcomes among persons with alcoholism who have different ALDH genotypes." 12/01/2005 - "Recent studies have suggested that either physiological tolerance of blood acetaldehyde, or innate insensitivity to it, or both may play a crucial role in keeping alcoholism from developing by protecting against adverse reactions. " 08/01/2001 - "MEDLINE was searched from 1980 to 2000 using the key words acetaldehyde, pharmacokinetics, and alcoholism for controlled trials reporting blood or breath acetaldehyde levels in alcoholics and nonalcoholics. " 07/29/1988 - "Thus, the role of acetaldehyde-mediated enzyme inhibition in the toxicity of alcohol abuse warrants further study." Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	acamprosate (AOTA)FDA Link 10/09/2003 - "Acamprosate has been shown to be effective and safe in relapse prevention of alcoholism. " 01/01/2002 - "Exposure-induced but not spontaneous alcohol intake is antagonized by acamprosate, a compound clinically effective in human alcoholism. " 02/01/1998 - "Acamprosate (calcium-acetyl homotaurinate) is a relatively new compound developed for the treatment of alcoholism and has been shown to be effective in attenuating relapse in human alcoholics. " 05/01/2000 - "The properties of acamprosate (calcium acetylhomotaurate), a new remedy for the treatment of alcoholism, are reviewed. " 05/01/2000 - "[Acamprosate--a novel treatment for alcoholism]" Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Biological Markers (Surrogate Marker)IBA 01/01/1992 - "Existing biological markers of alcoholism and excessive alcohol consumption are of poor sensitivity and specificity, and new, improved markers are needed. " 03/01/2005 - "Skipper; (5) Application of Biomarkers for Alcohol Use Disorders in Clinical Practice, by Tim Neumann; (6) Utility of Biomarkers in Assessing the Efficacy of Medications for Treating Alcoholism, by Marty Javors; and (7) Discussion, by Raye Litten." 04/01/1997 - "Furthermore, biochemical markers can assist in forensic investigations; in identification of public health, safety, and transportation workers who may drink excessively and who, as a result, may put others at risk; in evaluation of efficacy of treatments for alcohol abuse; and in recognition of early phase alcohol-related tissue damage. " 03/01/1983 - "These findings suggest that although the specificity of mean red cell volume may be helpful in eliminating those persons who are not actively alcoholic, its sensitivity does not permit its use as a biologic marker for alcoholism. " 03/01/2008 - "The diagnosis of alcoholism is a topical subject of discussion; in fact, many studies have been published on the determination of biochemical markers useful to this target. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	LithiumIBA 01/01/1989 - "In order to test the efficacy of lithium therapy for alcoholism, to test whether lithium therapy reduces depressive symptoms among alcoholics, and to test whether any positive lithium treatment effects are associated with an antidepressant action, we undertook a double-blind placebo-controlled study of 122 patients meeting DSM-III criteria for alcohol dependence and hospitalized for alcoholism rehabilitation. " 12/01/1984 - "The efficacy of lithium therapy for alcoholism was examined in 84 alcoholic volunteers admitted for rehabilitation. " 01/01/1981 - "To evaluate the efficacy of lithium in chronic alcoholism, we enrolled 47 male alcoholics in a prospective double-blind two-period crossover study. " 06/29/1991 - "The first, non-standardized studies on the effects of lithium against alcoholism involved a small number of subjects and were encouraging. " 09/22/1989 - "In our study, lithium treatment did not affect the course of alcoholism in either depressed or nondepressed alcoholics." Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	Carbon MonoxideIBA 01/01/2006 - "Co-occurring risk factors for alcohol dependence and habitual smoking: update on findings from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism." 01/01/2006 - "This study investigated differences in the course and consequences of alcoholism and co-occurring polysubstance dependence in a sample of 582 alcohol-dependent Alaska Natives undergoing inpatient lifetime treatment in Anchorage between 1994 and 1999. " 02/10/2005 - "Previous studies in humans have demonstrated a high co-morbidity between alcoholism and smoking. " 08/15/2003 - "Given the history of prior studies implicating 2q35 as a locus encoding vulnerability to co-morbid alcoholism and depression, these findings strongly suggest that sequence variation conveying increased susceptibility to MDD and possibly SUD is in close proximity to D2S2944." 07/01/1998 - "The results of this study emphasize the importance of examining co-morbid disorders and subtypes thereof in identifying sources of heterogeneity in the pathogenesis of alcoholism." Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Serotonin (5 Hydroxytryptamine)IBA 09/01/1994 - "Overall, these results do not support the hypothesis that the serotonin 5-HT3 antagonists would have robust therapeutic efficacy in the treatment of alcoholism." 01/01/1989 - "Regardless of mechanism, serotonin uptake blockers offer a potentially promising new treatment for alcoholism." 11/01/2000 - "The 5-HT reuptake inhibitors may be helpful for the treatment of alcoholism by reducing relapse frequency and severity. " 09/01/2009 - "BACKGROUND: Several studies have suggested that the serotonin receptor 1B gene (5HT1B) may be important in the pathogenesis of alcohol dependence (alcoholism; ALC; AD). " 01/15/2009 - "CONCLUSION: This study did not find alterations in measures of 5-HT(1A) or 5-HT transporter levels in patients with type II alcoholism." Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	Aldehyde DehydrogenaseIBA 09/01/1993 - "A strong protection against the development of alcoholism is exerted by a point mutation in the gene coding for low Km aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), i.e. " 01/01/1988 - "Additional studies also indicate a possible importance of neuropsychological test deficits in higher-risk boys studied in their preteen or early-teen years; information continues to support the importance of the aldehyde dehydrogenase isoenzyme pattern for the alcoholism risk among Orientals, but little consistent information has yet identified other enzyme activity levels or personality profiles as factors significantly different for higher-risk and lower-risk populations. " 11/01/2009 - "BACKGROUND: Inherited human aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH-2) deficiency reduces the risk for alcoholism. " 08/14/2008 - "The ALDH22 gene encoding the inactive variant form of mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2) protects nearly all carriers of this gene from alcoholism. " 10/01/2007 - "BACKGROUND: Reduction in activity of the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) enzyme due to genetic deficiency causes reactions related to alcohol consumption and lowers the risk of alcoholism. " Order ALL the reference details at left...*

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 10/01/1996 - "Improved study design will lead to continued advances in pharmacotherapy for the treatment of patients with alcoholism." 02/01/2000 - "Combination pharmacotherapy in alcoholism: a novel treatment approach." 01/01/1993 - "63 controlled clinical trials for drug therapy in alcoholism, published during the period 1970-1991 and investigating the efficacy of four different pharmacological agents are reviewed from the statistical analysis point of view. " 09/01/2007 - "METHODS: We examined the impact of personality factors associated with gregariousness or conformity on the MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale, as well as state factors measured by the Stages-of-Change Scale (based on the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale) and quantity of drinking at screening, on pre-double-blind clinical outcome (i.e., drinking reduction) among 321 male and female alcoholics enrolled in a pharmacotherapy trial. " 04/01/2007 - "BACKGROUND: Compliance with medication in pharmacotherapy trials of alcoholism has been shown to be equal to, or more, important than in other areas of medicine. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Self Administration (Administration, Self) 08/01/2000 - "Studies of limited alcohol self-administration in the laboratory are an essential element in screening new medications for the treatment of alcoholism. " 03/01/1999 - "Long-term alcohol self-administration with repeated alcohol deprivation phases: an animal model of alcoholism?" 01/01/1988 - "Identification of the environmental and biological variables that promote and maintain alcohol-seeking or alcohol self-administration behavior is key to our understanding of the disorder alcoholism itself." 11/01/1986 - "The importance of a history of self-administration of drugs intravenously was evaluated in 507 consecutive inpatient male primary alcoholics and primary drug abusers with secondary alcoholism. " 01/01/1976 - "Chronic alcoholism was induced in male albino rats by an oral self-administration technique. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Contraception (Birth Control) 04/01/2002 - "Physicians were highly in favor of compulsory treatment for illicit drug use and alcohol abuse for women already in the criminal justice system (82%-83%), neutral with respect to court-ordered contraception for alcohol- (50%) and drug-abusing women (47%), and opposed to criminal prosecution for either alcohol abuse (18%-31% depending on subspecialty) or illicit drug use (23%-34%) during pregnancy. " 12/01/1995 - "We detected no cases of alcoholism or of uncontrolled oral contraception. " 01/01/1986 - "This review focuses on cigarette smoking, weight control, contraception, alcohol abuse and exercise behaviors. " 09/01/1993 - " Predicting deep suffering, misfortune, and ruinous trouble for youth who do not evangelize, the highest representative of the Catholic Church reaffirmed oft stated views against birth control, abortion, euthanasia, sex outside of marriage, and drug and alcohol abuse. " 01/01/2007 - "They include oligosymptomatic or asymptomatic EBV infection, drug and alcohol abuse, hormonal contraception etc. These conditions must be respected in the regimen of these adolescents." Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Liver Transplantation 06/01/2009 - "This article presents data about psychological morbidity from a prospective study of patients being assessed for liver transplantation in Birmingham, UK, and explores whether those with a diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence are at increased risk of psychological symptoms. " 11/01/2008 - "However, while conducting a prospective study of the outcome of liver transplantation in Birmingham, United Kingdom, we observed that a research diagnosis of alcohol abuse or dependence was made in a number of cases in which no reference to alcohol problems had been made by the referring agency. " 03/01/2004 - "Further prospective studies are needed to examine this association in greater detail to provide targeted treatment for alcoholism both before and after liver transplantation." 03/01/2004 - "A family history of alcoholism in a first-degree relative was identified in 38%, and 78% received treatment for alcoholism before liver transplantation. " 11/01/2001 - "The authors conclude that the prognosis for patients with ALD who receive liver transplantation is similar to that of non-alcoholics and that alcoholism is not a contraindication for liver transplantation. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Splenectomy 06/01/2007 - "Patients had a median age of 58 years; splenectomy and alcohol abuse were noted in, respectively, 18% and 25% of patients. " 06/01/2004 - "Absent in this patient were the usual risk factors, including immunosuppression, alcohol abuse, corticosteroid therapy, and splenectomy. " 01/12/2002 - "canimorsus are associated with immune suppression (especially splenectomy or alcohol abuse), yet 40% of the patients have no predisposing conditions. " 07/01/1996 - "Underlying conditions included previous splenectomy and alcoholism. " 02/01/1989 - "Splenectomy and alcoholism appear to be strong predisposing factors for DF-2 infection. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

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