Afferent Loop Syndrome

A complication of gastrojejunostomy (BILLROTH II PROCEDURE), a reconstructive GASTROENTEROSTOMY. It is caused by acute (complete) or chronic (intermittent) obstruction of the afferent jejunal loop due to HERNIA, intussusception, kinking, VOLVULUS, etc. It is characterized by PAIN and VOMITING of BILE-stained fluid.

Also Known As:

Networked: 113 relevant articles (2 outcomes, 4 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Colorectal Neoplasms (Colorectal Cancer)
2.	Dumping Syndrome (Syndrome, Dumping)
3.	Jaundice (Icterus)
4.	Duodenogastric Reflux
5.	Stomach Neoplasms (Stomach Cancer)

Experts

1.	Itoi, Takao: 3 articles (07/2022 - 07/2015)
2.	Tsuchiya, Takayoshi: 3 articles (07/2022 - 07/2015)
3.	Mukai, Shuntaro: 2 articles (07/2022 - 11/2017)
4.	Yamamoto, Kenjiro: 2 articles (07/2022 - 11/2017)
5.	Bronswijk, Michiel: 2 articles (06/2022 - 01/2022)
6.	Pérez-Cuadrado-Robles, Enrique: 2 articles (06/2022 - 01/2022)
7.	Van der Merwe, Schalk: 2 articles (06/2022 - 01/2022)
8.	Kobayashi, Takashi: 2 articles (11/2021 - 10/2019)
9.	Masuda, Atsuhiro: 2 articles (11/2021 - 10/2019)
10.	Sakai, Arata: 2 articles (11/2021 - 10/2019)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Afferent Loop Syndrome:

1.	MetalsIBA 05/01/2018 - "Among patients with afferent loop syndrome whose data were extracted from databases, 5 patients in whom metal stent placement was attempted were included and evaluated in this study. " 01/01/2022 - "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided jejunojejunostomy using a novel lumen-apposing metal stent for treatment of afferent loop syndrome." 12/01/2023 - "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gastroenterostomy using a novel dumbbell-shaped fully covered metal stent for afferent loop syndrome with long interluminal distance." 05/17/2023 - "Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gastrojejunostomy for Malignant Afferent Loop Syndrome Using a Fully Covered Metal Stent: A Multicenter Experience." 01/01/2022 - "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided entero-enterostomy with a hybrid biflanged metal stent for relief of afferent loop syndrome."
2.	Radioisotopes (Radionuclides)IBA 09/01/1977 - "Radionuclide demonstration of small-bowel anatomy in the afferent-loop syndrome: case report." 10/01/1993 - "The article studies the possibilities of radionuclide method in disclosing the basic postgastroresectional syndromes: dumping syndrome, duodenogastric reflux and afferent loop syndrome. "
3.	BariumIBA 03/01/2007 - "Clinically, the diagnosis of afferent loop syndrome may be difficult to establish and thus, depends on the finding of computed tomography, abdominal ultrasound, barium studies and hepatobiliary scan. "
4.	Hypoglycemic Agents (Hypoglycemics)IBA 01/01/1980 - "dumping syndrome, afferent loop syndrome, digestive insufficiency syndrome, hypoglycemic syndrome, and ulcerous recurrences after gastric resection)are briefly outlined." 01/01/2015 - "The variety of clinical manifestations operated stomach fits in the sequence of pathological syndromes: dumping and hypoglycemic syndromes, postgastroresectional post gastrectomy anemia, afferent loop syndrome, postoperative dystrophy, reflux esophagitis, a syndrome of "small" stomach, and hypoglycemic syndrome. "
5.	AmylasesFDA Link 01/01/1960 - "Serum amylase levels in experimental intestinal obstruction with special reference to the acute afferent loop syndrome." 07/01/2014 - "Initially, he was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis because of an elevated amylase level and pain, but was finally diagnosed with acute afferent loop syndrome when an impacted enterolith was identified by computed tomography. "
6.	Vitamin B 12 (Cyanocobalamin)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1975 - "[Effect of antibiotics on the assimilation of exogenic vitamin B 12 and iron in patients with afferent loop syndrome]."
7.	PlasticsIBA 01/01/2022 - "Afferent-Loop Syndrome Treated with Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Drainage of the Afferent Loop with a Plastic Stent."
8.	IronIBA 10/01/1975 - "[Effect of antibiotics on the assimilation of exogenic vitamin B 12 and iron in patients with afferent loop syndrome]."
9.	Fluorouracil (Carac)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2002 - "Non-surgical treatment for afferent loop syndrome in recurrent gastric cancer complicated by peritoneal carcinomatosis: percutaneous transhepatic duodenal drainage followed by 24-hour infusion of high-dose fluorouracil and leucovorin."
10.	Leucovorin (Folinic Acid)FDA Link 07/01/2002 - "Non-surgical treatment for afferent loop syndrome in recurrent gastric cancer complicated by peritoneal carcinomatosis: percutaneous transhepatic duodenal drainage followed by 24-hour infusion of high-dose fluorouracil and leucovorin."

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Stents 11/01/2016 - "As the stent was adequately expanded and the afferent loop syndrome was relieved, the patient was discharged with a better quality of life and there were no complications associated with the stent until he died 6 months later." 12/01/2012 - "Placement of partially covered dual stents appears to be a promising technique that may offer successful palliation for patients who develop afferent loop syndrome after various types of surgery." 12/01/2012 - "Data from 13 consecutive patients who had undergone partially covered dual stent placement for afferent loop syndrome after various types of surgery were retrospectively analyzed. " 12/01/2012 - "The purpose of this article is to assess the technical feasibility and clinical effectiveness of the placement of partially covered self-expandable dual stents in patients with afferent loop syndrome. " 12/01/2012 - "Afferent loop syndrome: treatment by means of the placement of dual stents."
2.	Colostomy 07/01/2023 - "Temporal percutaneous transhepatic duodenum drainage (PTDD) seems to be effective in the treatment of postoperative afferent loop syndrome (ALS) following transverse loop colostomy for obstructive colorectal cancer. "
3.	Enterostomy 01/01/2018 - "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided entero-enterostomy for the treatment of afferent loop syndrome: a multicenter experience." 08/01/2002 - "The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical effectiveness of percutaneous tube enterostomy in afferent loop syndrome presenting as jaundice. " 08/01/2002 - "Palliative percutaneous tube enterostomy in afferent-loop syndrome presenting as jaundice: clinical effectiveness." 08/01/2002 - "Percutaneous tube enterostomy is an effective palliative treatment in afferent loop syndrome presenting as an obstructing jaundice. " 01/01/2022 - "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided entero-enterostomy with a hybrid biflanged metal stent for relief of afferent loop syndrome."
4.	Gastrectomy 10/01/2019 - "Afferent loop syndrome of 10 years' onset after gastrectomy." 03/01/2019 - "Afferent loop syndrome (ALS) is a rare but serious complication after gastrectomy. " 10/01/2015 - "Afferent loop syndrome is encountered less frequently now that the number of gastrectomies has dropped. " 05/29/2015 - "Duodenal stump leakage (DSL) and afferent loop syndrome (ALS) can be serious complications after gastrectomy. " 01/01/2009 - "Afferent loop syndrome is quite uncommon, and must be suspected in patients who have undergone subtotal gastrectomy. "
5.	Gastroenterostomy 01/01/2023 - "EUS-GIA techniques such as EUS-guided gastroenterostomy (EUS-GE), EUS-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) (EDGE) and EUS-guided treatment afferent loop syndrome have undergone further development, refining technical approaches, improving patient selection and subsequent outcomes. " 01/01/2022 - "EUS-guided hepaticogastrostomy for patients with afferent loop syndrome: a comparison with EUS-guided gastroenterostomy or percutaneous drainage." 11/01/2021 - "Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Gastroenterostomy for Afferent Loop Syndrome." 01/01/2017 - "Afferent loop syndrome is a rare complication following a Billroth II procedure and is seen in 3/1000 cases. " 10/01/2015 - "The omega loop procedure is associated with a risk of afferent loop syndrome, a known complication of the Billroth II (Finsterer) operation. "