Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)

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23572 relevant articles (1267 outcomes, 2790 trials/studies) found for this Disease

Description: An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.

Also Known As:

AIDS; Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome; Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome; Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome; Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes; Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired; Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes, Acquired; Immunodeficiency Syndromes, Acquired; Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency; Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency; Syndromes, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency; Syndromes, Acquired Immunodeficiency; Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired; Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Virus Diseases: 1376

Sexually Transmitted Diseases: 3364

Viral Sexually Transmitted Diseases: 6

HIV Infections: 10776

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: 23572

RNA Virus Infections: 46

Retroviridae Infections: 200

Lentivirus Infections: 47

HIV Infections: 10776

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: 23572

Slow Virus Diseases: 7

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: 23572

Immune System Diseases: 1319

Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes: 70

HIV Infections: 10776

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome: 23572

Related Diseases

1.	Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
2.	Infection
3.	Kaposi Sarcoma (Kaposi's Sarcoma)
4.	HIV Infections (HIV Infection)
5.	Neoplasms (Cancer)

Experts

1.	Detels, Roger: 9 articles (07/2008 - 08/2002)
2.	Bower, Mark: 9 articles (04/2008 - 09/2003)
3.	Aboulafia, David M: 9 articles (01/2008 - 06/2002)
4.	Jabs, Douglas A: 9 articles (12/2006 - 03/2002)
5.	Krown, Susan E: 8 articles (03/2008 - 01/2002)
6.	Antinori, Andrea: 7 articles (09/2008 - 01/2003)
7.	Jacobson, Lisa P: 7 articles (08/2008 - 11/2003)
8.	Stebbing, Justin: 7 articles (04/2008 - 09/2003)
9.	Dezube, Bruce J: 7 articles (04/2008 - 01/2002)
10.	Nau, Jean-Yves: 7 articles (11/2007 - 12/2005)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome:

1.	Zidovudine (Retrovir)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1987 - "However, its in vitro chemotherapeutic index is higher than that of 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine, a drug which has recently proven effective in the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. " 01/01/1997 - " Following the release of the results of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 076 study, the routine use of zidovudine (AZT) among HIV-infected pregnant women in the US and Europe has resulted in a significant reduction in the rate of mother-to-child vertical HIV transmission. " 05/01/1996 - "Randomized study of the tolerance and efficacy of high- versus low-dose zidovudine in human immunodeficiency virus-infected children with mild to moderate symptoms (AIDS Clinical Trials Group 128). " 01/01/1995 - "Following results showing zidovudine to be significantly more effective than placebo in delaying the progression to AIDS in HIV-infected patients with CD4+ counts < 500 cells/microliters, further analysis of data from this trial showed that immediate zidovudine significantly delayed the time to reach a CD4+ count of 500 cells/microliters in patients with > 500 cells/microliters compared with deferred therapy. " 01/01/1996 - "A significant reduction, of approximately 40%, was found in the risk of developing ADC after AIDS diagnosis for patients receiving zidovudine therapy, but this effect was present only during the first 18 months of treatment, irrespective of whether treatment began before or after AIDS diagnosis. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Ganciclovir (Cytovene)FDA LinkGeneric 12/01/1989 - "This study supports the conclusions of previous uncontrolled studies that ganciclovir is beneficial in the treatment of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and cytomegalovirus retinopathy. " 08/01/2000 - "The BIE results for the ganciclovir prophylaxis arm, in contrast, showed a significant reduction of 27% in hospital cost among hospital users, and 44% among the total sample of AIDS patients. " 07/01/1987 - "By reducing or delaying visual loss, ganciclovir appears to be useful in the management of CMV retinopathy in patients with AIDS." 04/01/1987 - "In addition, the prognosis for survival of AIDS patients being treated with ganciclovir is improved when compared with that of untreated patients." 02/01/2003 - "This DSMB case study reports on such a situation for two randomized clinical trials of oral ganciclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in HIV/AIDS patients." Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Fluconazole (Zonal)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/1994 - "High-dose fluconazole appears safe and effective for cryptococcal disease in AIDS patients." 02/01/1996 - "Improved standardization of fluconazole susceptibility testing has resulted in demonstrable correlations between yeast resistance in vitro and in vivo for this agent in the AIDS setting. " 06/01/1991 - "Safety and efficacy of fluconazole treatment for Candida oesophagitis in AIDS." 09/01/2008 - "OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the: existence of OPC, species distribution fluconazole susceptibility profile of yeast cells isolated from oral specimens of HIV/AIDS patients from Lagos Nigeria, between Oct. " 10/01/2002 - "This study provides important baseline data as the isolates were collected prior to fluconazole being made freely available to HIV/AIDS patients attending government health clinics." Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Protease Inhibitors (Protease Inhibitor)IBA 07/01/2004 - "CONCLUSIONS: Although new treatments have significantly improved the physical health of those living with HIV/AIDS, no evidence was found that these treatments significantly improved psychological health for women, regardless of history of protease inhibitor use." 02/01/2002 - "Protease inhibitor combination therapies have significantly improved the health of many people with HIV/AIDS. " 09/01/1997 - "The safety and efficacy of two successive sessions of WBHT (4 days apart) was evaluated in 30 patients with AIDS (not on protease inhibitors), randomized to: 1) untreated controls, 2) low temperature WBHT for 1 hour at 40 degrees C and repeated 96 hours later, and 3) high temperature WBHT for 1 hour at 42 degrees C and repeated 96 hours later. " 07/01/1997 - "In order to test the hypothesis that a combination of protease inhibitors with nucleoside analogues-agents known to inhibit different steps of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) life cycle--is likely to prove more effective in reducing viral loads than either of those modalities alone, we performed a 60 week, open-label trial in 32 HIV-positive patients with depressed CD4 T lymphocyte cell counts but no active AIDS-defining illnesses. " 10/01/2008 - "Therefore, the incomplete suppression of HIV in treatment-experienced AIDS patients will continue to drive the search for more effective therapeutic agents that exhibit efficacy against the mutants raised by the earlier generation of protease inhibitors. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	VaccinesIBA 10/06/2006 - "Derivation of simian-tropic HIV-1 (stHIV-1) has important implications for understanding primate lentivirus zoonosis and should allow the development of improved animal models for studies of AIDS and the evaluation of vaccines and treatments." 06/01/1990 - "This reagent and accompanying methods provide valuable assays for monitoring the efficacy of vaccines for SIV as a model for human AIDS." 02/20/2008 - "Using background data that live vaccines against several viral pathogens are effective in inducing life-long protection against disease, we undertook studies in macaques to determine the duration of protection that two live SHIV vaccines could induce against AIDS. " 01/01/2000 - "However, since the reports about effective treatment of AIDS and hope of development of vaccines, the biomedical paradigm has become a leading principle in many HIV/AIDS prevention programmes. " 06/01/2005 - "Inactivated or "killed" virus (KV) is a "classical" approach that has produced safe and effective human and veterinary vaccines but has received relatively little attention in the effort to develop an HIV/AIDS vaccine. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
6.	Itraconazole (Sporanox)FDA LinkGeneric 06/01/1997 - "CONCLUSIONS: Itraconazole cyclodextrin solution achieves higher serum itraconazole and hydroxy-itraconazole concentrations than the capsule formulation in AIDS patients, and this is associated with improved efficacy." 10/01/1999 - "Itraconazole solution can be effective in AIDS patients with C. " 04/01/2001 - "DNA fingerprinting of serial Candida albicans isolates obtained during itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with AIDS." 04/01/1998 - "Therefore, the estimated minimum decrease of the mean AUC0-24 of itraconazole in phase 2 was approximately 88% compared with phase 1. The mean AUC0-24 was 1.07 vs 0.38 microg x h x ml(-1) in phase 1 and 2, respectively, in AIDS patients. " 06/01/1997 - "Itraconazole solution: higher serum drug concentrations and better clinical response rates than the capsule formulation in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients with candidosis." Order ALL the reference details at left...
7.	Foscarnet FDA LinkGeneric 06/15/1993 - "Transscleral iontophoresis of foscarnet may provide an effective and safe technique for local treatment of cytomegalovirus retinopathy in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome." 03/24/1994 - "Efficacy of intravitreal foscarnet in a patient with AIDS." 08/01/1999 - "In the study, 20 patients with advanced stages of AIDS were treated with foscarnet 1% cream five times a day for a mean duration of 34.5 days. " 12/01/1996 - "The dual antiviral activity of foscarnet shown in this trial encourages investigation of its use in combination with other antiretroviral therapies for persons with AIDS." 05/27/1999 - "Crystals in glomerular capillary lumens have also been observed in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who were treated with foscarnet for cytomegalovirus disease. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
8.	AntigensIBA 01/01/1985 - "We conclude that levels of antibody to sperm antigens are not significantly greater in homosexual men and antisperm antibody levels do not correlate with the diagnosis of AIDS." 03/16/1984 - "Patients with AIDS also had a significant reduction in their primary antibody response to the protein antigens. " 07/23/2009 - "This is the first demonstration that an IN defective SIV-based lentiviral vector provides effective immunization, thus paving the way for the construction of IN defective vectors expressing SIV antigen(s) and test their efficacy against a SIV virus challenge in the NHP model of AIDS." 01/01/1988 - "HLA antigen frequencies in HIV-1 seropositive disease-free individuals and patients with AIDS." 05/01/2009 - "Antigen from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), the major etiological agent of acquired immune deficiency syndrome, served as the screening target in this study. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
9.	Doxorubicin (Adriamycin)FDA LinkGeneric 05/01/1994 - "A cooperative action of both mechanisms may explain the high efficacy of liposomal doxorubicin in the treatment of AIDS-KS." 08/01/2002 - "By contrast, a significant phenotype modification is detected in PBMCs from AIDS/KS patients after challenge with the liposomal formulation of the anthracycline doxorubicin (L-DOX) with the higher expression reached 24 hours after the end of the drug infusion. " 05/01/1999 - "In summary, our findings show that doxorubicin mediates, at least in part, its AIDS-KS cellular cytotoxic effects by a redox related mechanism, and provides a biochemical rationale for doxorubicin's clinical efficacy in AIDS-KS treatment." 05/01/1999 - "Although doxorubicin's mechanism of action against AIDS-KS is unknown, we hypothesized that doxorubicin's ability to undergo redox cycling is associated with its clinical efficacy. " 01/01/1996 - "Eighteen patients with AIDS-KS diagnosed by examination of biopsy specimens were randomly assigned to receive either standard doxorubicin or PEG-liposomal doxorubicin. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
10.	AntibodiesIBA 01/31/1985 - "Antibodies to the major viral protein p24 were found consistently and at high titers in the seropositive members of the groups at risk and in those with pre-AIDS but were dramatically reduced in patients with AIDS. " 05/01/1998 - "This study strongly suggests that rising anti-Tat antibodies through active immunization may be beneficial in AIDS vaccine development to control viral replication." 01/01/1986 - " At the completion of the symposium, 50 African representatives issued a statement delaring that there was no conclusive evidence that AIDs originated in Africa, that there were other hypotheses that deserved equal attention, and that the test used to detect the presence of AIDs virus antibodies in Africa was unreliable and yielded a high number of false positive results. " 02/14/1986 - " Systematic screening of blood donors for antibodies to the AIDS associated virus became effective in 16 of the 21 reporting countries by November 1985, and measures to exclude donors at risk had been taken in all but three of the countries." 01/01/2008 - "The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of specific antibodies against Leishmania infantum, which is the causative agent of VL, in the sera of HIV/AIDS patients. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART) 06/01/2009 - "Although highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been extremely effective in lowering AIDS incidence among patients infected with HIV, certain drugs included in HAART can cause serious mitochondrial toxicities. " 06/19/2007 - "HAART has decreased the incidence of AIDS and death among HIV-infected individuals dramatically. " 03/01/2007 - "Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), a combination of at least three antiretroviral drugs, has dramatically improved the prognosis of HIV/AIDS. " 07/01/2006 - "HAART has dramatically improved survival and quality of life among people living with HIV and AIDS globally. " 10/01/2004 - "With the introduction of highly efficacious HAART therapy for HIV/AIDS successful long-term therapy became available. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
2.	Condoms (Condom) 08/01/1992 - "When used properly, condoms are highly effective in preventing both pregnancy and the spread of HIV and AIDS, the public health community has therefore strongly promoted condom use for disease prevention. " 12/01/1990 - " From experience like these, the author provides the following conclusions and suggestions: 1) people without access to social services often fail to receive AIDS education; 2) many people speak only their native language, so the conventional approach of using English -- Nigeria's official language -- proves ineffective; 3) educational forums that allow people to raise questions are the most effective; 4) the provision of additional services can help attract people in public places; 5) besides discussing the importance of condom use in AIDS prevention and family planning, a demonstration of correct condom use often makes the talks more interesting; 6) condom accessibility and acceptability can be improved by using clubs and associations as forums for AIDS education; and 7) transferring some of the responsibility of AIDS education to the members of these clubs and associations can help spread the message." 05/01/1989 - " Although condom availability has improved in the past year, opportunities exist at most California public universities to increase the distribution of condoms and improve associated AIDS-related health education efforts." 08/01/1988 - " Despite the protective effects of condoms against AIDS, the best preventive measure is selection of low-risk partners." 02/20/1987 - "Everett Koop, the US surgeon general, saying that condoms are the best protection against sexual transmission of AIDS. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
3.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 01/01/1996 - " Chemotherapy also effectively treated endemic African KS (partial or complete remission: 81% vs. 38% for AIDS-related KS). " 11/01/2008 - "This review highlights the significant potential that novel drug delivery systems have for the future effective treatment of HIV/AIDS patients on ARV drug therapy." 11/01/2008 - "This review highlights the significant potential that nanoparticles have for the future effective treatment of HIV/AIDS patients on ARV drug therapy." 01/01/2006 - "Among patients with systemic, AIDS-related NHL, there has been decreased high-grade histology, increased use of chemotherapy, and improved survival." 01/01/1995 - "The addition of chemotherapy to brain irradiation prolongs survival in some patients with AIDS-related disease, but median survival is not significantly improved." Order ALL the reference details at left...
4.	Transplants (Transplant) 11/01/1997 - "It was shown that Candida albicans bound in significantly greater numbers to epithelial cells obtained from AIDS patients than to those from healthy individuals or transplant patients, and that the adherence capacity varied among the strains tested." 09/01/2008 - "The new definition will be helpful in promoting better communication among transplant professionals and aids in comparing clinical studies of diagnostic techniques to identify DGF and thus may facilitate clinical trials of interventions for the treatment of DGF." 06/20/2002 - "RESULTS: Twelve patients were enrolled in this study, 10 with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and 2 who had received organ transplants. " 02/01/1998 - "The increased baseline levels in BMT patients and the observed unresponsiveness of T cells in AIDS patients could be of interest for the study of predictors of graft-versus-host reactivity and the clinical analysis of immune functions in AIDS patients, respectively." 09/01/1991 - "The study of patients with XLP has also paved the way to understanding how EBV induce diseases in children with primary immunodeficiency diseases, organ transplant recipients, and those with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. " Order ALL the reference details at left...
5.	Contraception (Birth Control) 12/01/2001 - "Nearly two-thirds of the simulated clients felt able to freely choose a contraceptive method; however, more adequate and appropriate information needs to be imparted to clients through improved counselling, including promotion of dual method use (against STD/HIV/AIDS and conception). " 11/01/1995 - " Licensing of the low-dose pill has been withheld by the Ministry of Health and Welfare on the grounds that this fertility control method fails to confer protection against acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. " 05/01/2009 - "This study aims at analyzing the knowledge of adolescents on sexuality, contraceptive methods, pregnancy, STD/AIDS before and after prevention workshops. " 03/01/2009 - "Further studies are needed to investigate the safety and efficiency of hormonal contraception in women living with HIV/AIDS." 04/01/2004 - "As an ongoing effort to establish more appropriate standards for health counseling, the study's purpose was to investigate the use of contraceptive methods that would also prevent HIV/AIDS women against disease transmission. " Order ALL the reference details at left...

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