Alopecia universalis

A genetically determined, immune-mediated disorder of the HAIR FOLLICLE and one of the most common human AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES. Severity ranges from patchy localized hair loss on the SCALP to the complete absence of hair everywhere on the body. This phenotype has been mapped to chromosome 18 (OMIM: 104000) and a mutation in the HR gene has also been identified (OMIM: 203655).

Also Known As:

Networked: 213 relevant articles (28 outcomes, 14 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Alopecia Areata
2.	Alopecia (Baldness)
3.	Atopic Dermatitis (Atopic Eczema)
4.	Psoriasis (Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris)
5.	Diffuse alopecia

Experts

1.	King, Brett A: 5 articles (01/2017 - 12/2014)
2.	Craiglow, Brittany G: 4 articles (01/2017 - 12/2014)
3.	Alzolibani, Abdullateef A: 3 articles (10/2014 - 03/2012)
4.	Akdogan, Neslihan: 2 articles (02/2021 - 11/2019)
5.	Ersoy-Evans, Sibel: 2 articles (02/2021 - 11/2019)
6.	Sinclair, Rodney: 2 articles (04/2020 - 12/2018)
7.	Kim, Gene: 2 articles (02/2019 - 06/2005)
8.	Mesinkovska, Natasha Atanaskova: 2 articles (11/2018 - 08/2018)
9.	Castelo-Soccio, Leslie: 2 articles (06/2018 - 01/2017)
10.	Ferreira, Sineida Berbert: 2 articles (12/2017 - 11/2016)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Alopecia universalis:

1.	tofacitinibIBA 07/01/2018 - "A Case Report Highlighting the Effective Treatment of Alopecia Universalis With Tofacitinib in an Adolescent and Adult Patient." 01/01/2017 - "We believe further study is required to establish the safety and confirm the efficacy of tofacitinib treatment for alopecia universalis." 11/01/2021 - "Alopecia universalis has been reported to improve with the use of tofacitinib in various case reports and case series. " 08/01/2016 - "Efficacy of tofacitinib in treatment of alopecia universalis in two patients." 05/01/2018 - "Our study aims to show the effectiveness of oral tofacitinib in the treatment of alopecia universalis (AU). "
2.	dupilumabIBA 06/16/2022 - "We present one of reported cases that showed improvement of underlying alopecia universalis treated with dupilumab." 11/01/2022 - "Dupilumab as a Therapeutic Approach in Alopecia Universalis." 01/01/2022 - "Remission of Alopecia Universalis after 1 Year of Treatment with Dupilumab in a Patient with Severe Atopic Dermatitis." 02/01/2019 - "Remission of alopecia universalis in a patient with atopic dermatitis treated with dupilumab." 01/01/2019 - "Alopecia Universalis and Atopic Dermatitis Improvement with Dupilumab: Demonstration of a Shared Pathophysiology and Clinical Efficacy."
3.	Minoxidil (Rogaine)FDA LinkGeneric 08/01/2019 - "The combination of nonablative laser and topical minoxidil may be a good alternative therapy for AA patients, including alopecia totalis and alopecia universalis, without systemic and local side effects." 03/01/1987 - "The safety and efficacy of 3% topical minoxidil were evaluated in the treatment of extensive patchy alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, and alopecia universalis. " 06/01/2021 - "Efficacy of systemic minoxidil and tofacitinib combination in treatment-resistant alopecia universalis." 03/01/2006 - "On diagnosis of alopecia universalis, she was initially treated with oral prednisone for 1 year and topical minoxidil for 3 months. " 01/01/2023 - "We present the case of a patient known for psoriasis who developed alopecia universalis resistant to many interventions (topical minoxidil and topical, intralesional, and systemic corticosteroids). "
4.	Etanercept (Enbrel)FDA Link 07/01/2019 - "Alopecia Universalis in a Case of Rheumatoid Arthritis after Treatment with Etanercept." 07/01/2006 - "The authors present the case of a 44-year-old psoriasis patient with a 20-year history of alopecia universalis who failed to respond to etanercept in terms of skin psoriasis and alopecia universalis, while reporting improvement in arthropathy. " 12/01/2017 - "Two of these four patients had idiopathic alopecia and the other two had rheumatoid arthritis; in each case, the alopecia universalis was apparently induced by etanercept. " 06/01/2005 - "Based on these results, etanercept appears to be ineffective in treating subjects with treatment-refractory, moderate to severe alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, or alopecia universalis." 06/01/2005 - "In this prospective, open-label pilot study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of etanercept, a TNF-alpha inhibitor, in the treatment of moderate to severe alopecia areata, alopecia totalis, or alopecia universalis. "
5.	Cyclosporine (Ciclosporin)FDA LinkGeneric 10/01/1996 - "Alopecia universalis and cyclosporin A." 10/01/1995 - "Alopecia universalis in liver transplant patients treated with cyclosporin." 01/01/1989 - "We conducted a trial of topical application of 10% cyclosporin A in an oil preparation in 10 patients with alopecia areata and alopecia universalis. " 12/01/2016 - "To describe a case of testicular neoplasia and alopecia universalis in a dog, and successful treatment of the latter with ciclosporin. " 12/01/2016 - "Ciclosporin treatment, in combination with ketoconazole, can be effective for treatment of alopecia universalis in the dog. "
6.	Prednisolone (Predate)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/1997 - "In a 32-year-old woman, alopecia universalis went into unequivocal remission during pregnancy and prednisolone therapy. " 01/01/1997 - "Alopecia universalis with remission during pregnancy and prednisolone therapy." 02/01/1996 - "Twenty-seven patients (21 alopecia areata, 5 alopecia universalis, 1 alopecia totalis) received 300 mg pulse therapy and eight patients received 1000 mg prednisolone pulses. " 07/01/1992 - "Alopecia universalis treated with oral cyclosporine A and prednisolone: immunologic studies." 08/01/1990 - "Although alopecia universalis is an incurable disease, we have obtained favorable results using a low dose of 2.5 mg/kg of cyclosporine A and 5 mg/day of prednisolone without adverse effects. "
7.	Methotrexate (Mexate)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2021 - "Hair loss rapidly progressed to alopecia totalis and then to alopecia universalis, at which time oral methotrexate treatment was initiated. " 07/01/2020 - "Therefore, this study reports a case of alopecia universalis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), whose methotrexate therapy shown unsatisfactory response in RA control. " 01/01/2018 - "We critically appraised the literature identified from searching PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase and Cochrane Central (October 2017), using the search terms ("alopecia areata" OR "alopecia totalis" OR "alopecia universalis") AND (methotrexate). " 05/01/2020 - "As ciclosporin was unable to control his psoriasis, the treatment was changed to methotrexate injections, but the hair loss progressed into alopecia universalis. " 01/01/2022 - "Successful Therapy of Alopecia Universalis Using a Combination of Systemic Methotrexate and Corticosteroids and Topical 5% Minoxidil."
8.	Ointments (Pastes)IBA 07/01/2003 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment under occlusion in 28 patients with alopecia areata totalis (AT) or AT/alopecia universalis. "
9.	Clobetasol (Clobetasol Propionate)FDA LinkGeneric 07/01/2003 - "Our study shows that clobetasol propionate 0.05% under occlusion is effective in inducing hair regrowth in patients with AT or AT/alopecia universalis. " 07/01/2003 - "The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of clobetasol propionate 0.05% ointment under occlusion in 28 patients with alopecia areata totalis (AT) or AT/alopecia universalis. "
10.	5-(tetradecyloxy)-2-furancarboxylic acid (TOFA)IBA 11/01/2019 - "The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of oral TOFA treatment for alopecia areata (AA), and alopecia universalis (AU). "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 10/21/2010 - "He tolerated replacement endocrine therapy with good response, but with no improvement in his alopecia universalis. " 12/01/2017 - "Alopecia universalis is an autoimmune disorder for which there is no known effective therapy. " 12/01/2017 - "Among the side effects of this therapy, alopecia universalis is a rarely reported side effect which causes significant cosmetic concern to the patient. " 05/01/2008 - "Alopecia universalis often responds poorly to standard therapies. " 10/01/2023 - "Alopecia totalis (AT) and alopecia universalis (AU) is known to have a poor prognosis with high relapse rate, and treatment failure is observed in most patients, regardless of the type of therapy. "
2.	Immunotherapy 07/01/1992 - "Thus, we treated six cases of refractory alopecia universalis with immunotherapy. " 02/01/2017 - "Efficacy of superficial cryotherapy on the eyebrows of patients with alopecia universalis also treated with contact immunotherapy on the scalp: a prospective, split-face comparative study." 08/01/1996 - "Long-term results of topical immunotherapy in children with alopecia totalis or alopecia universalis."
3.	Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation 01/01/2005 - "Complete remission of alopecia universalis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation."
4.	Cryotherapy (Therapy, Cold) 02/01/2017 - "Efficacy of superficial cryotherapy on the eyebrows of patients with alopecia universalis also treated with contact immunotherapy on the scalp: a prospective, split-face comparative study."
5.	Islets of Langerhans Transplantation 11/01/2011 - "Remission of alopecia universalis following successful clinical islet transplantation."