Uveal melanoma

A melanoma that originates from uveal MELANOCYTES and is the most common primary intraocular malignancy. Tumors consist of four cell types: epitheloid, intermediate, mixed, and spindle. Somatic mutations in BAP1, GNAQ, GNA11, EIF1AX, and SF3B1 genes have been identified. OMIM: 155720

Also Known As:

Melanoma of the Uvea; Melanoma, Uveal

Networked: 2393 relevant articles (111 outcomes, 454 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Disease Context: Research Results

Related Diseases

1.	Neoplasms (Cancer)
2.	Neoplasm Metastasis (Metastasis)
3.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant)
4.	Macular Edema
5.	Macular Degeneration (Age-Related Maculopathy)

Experts

1.	Jager, Martine J: 57 articles (01/2022 - 01/2002)
2.	Harbour, J William: 46 articles (03/2022 - 10/2002)
3.	Shields, Carol L: 43 articles (01/2022 - 10/2002)
4.	Sato, Takami: 37 articles (10/2022 - 08/2005)
5.	Coupland, Sarah E: 35 articles (07/2021 - 10/2007)
6.	Carvajal, Richard D: 34 articles (10/2022 - 04/2011)
7.	Singh, Arun D: 34 articles (11/2021 - 03/2005)
8.	Shields, Jerry A: 32 articles (10/2021 - 10/2002)
9.	Burnier, Miguel N: 29 articles (06/2021 - 08/2003)
10.	Luyten, Gregorius P M: 25 articles (07/2022 - 08/2002)

Drugs and Biologics

Drugs and Important Biological Agents (IBA) related to Uveal melanoma:

1.	Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases (MEKs)IBA 01/01/2021 - "These data suggest that the combination of Gαq and MEK inhibition provides a promising therapeutic strategy and improved therapeutic window of broadly targeting Gαq in uveal melanoma.See" 01/01/2021 - "Combined Inhibition of Gαq and MEK Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy in Uveal Melanoma." 01/01/2021 - "The Gαq inhibitor-MEK inhibitor combination showed prolonged suppression of MAPK signaling in preclinical uveal melanoma models and led to improved therapeutic responses.See" 11/01/2013 - "Studies concerning Mek inhibitors have been published with promising results in uveal melanoma. " 07/01/2013 - "First trials in uveal melanoma have shown promising results with MEK inhibitors."
2.	Iodine-125IBA 03/01/2022 - "Our purpose was to review the preliminary outcomes of patients with uveal melanoma treated with iodine-125 plaques using a novel treatment planning approach. " 01/01/2013 - "To investigate the efficacy of two different dosing strategies of radioactive iodine-125 ((125)I) in the management of small- and medium-sized posterior uveal melanoma. " 12/01/2022 - "This study quantifies the dosimetric impact of incorporating two iodine-125 (125I) seed source strengths in Eye Physics eye plaques for treatment of uveal melanoma. " 01/01/2002 - "During the period of study, 145 patients were diagnosed of uveal melanoma, of which, 77 were treated with Iodine-125 COMS type plaques; among these, 58 were elegible for this study. " 03/01/2022 - "Preliminary Results of Uveal Melanoma Treated With Iodine-125 Plaques: Analysis of Disease Control and Visual Outcomes With 63 Gy to the Target Volume."
3.	IpilimumabIBA 01/01/2020 - "The aim of this phase Ib/II study was to assess safety and efficacy of RFA plus ipilimumab in uveal melanoma. " 08/01/2023 - "The phase 1b, open-label CLEVER study (NCT03408587) evaluated V937 in combination with ipilimumab in patients with uveal melanoma. " 08/01/2023 - "Phase 1b study of intravenous coxsackievirus A21 (V937) and ipilimumab for patients with metastatic uveal melanoma." 01/01/2015 - "Phase II DeCOG-study of ipilimumab in pretreated and treatment-naïve patients with metastatic uveal melanoma." 11/01/2013 - "However, because previous clinical trials with ipilimumab have excluded patients with uveal melanoma, data in this patient population are limited. "
4.	Dacarbazine (DIC)FDA LinkGeneric 01/01/2020 - "We conducted an adjuvant trial of sequential, low-dose dacarbazine (DTIC) and interferon-alpha-2b (IFN-α-2b) in patients with cytogenetic high-risk uveal melanoma. " 01/01/2022 - "MGMT knockdown by shRNAs increases the sensitivity of uveal melanoma cells to DTIC treatment. " 01/01/2022 - "Ubiquitination and degradation of MGMT by TRIM72 increases the sensitivity of uveal melanoma cells to Dacarbazine treatment." 01/15/2012 - "Combination of oncolytic adenovirus and dacarbazine attenuates antitumor ability against uveal melanoma cells via cell cycle block." 06/01/2006 - "Uncertainty remains concerning the level of activity of dacarbazine in uveal melanoma as opposed to that in the cutaneous form. "
5.	tebentafuspIBA 10/01/2022 - "Phase I Study of Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of Tebentafusp Using a Step-Up Dosing Regimen and Expansion in Patients With Metastatic Uveal Melanoma." 11/01/2022 - "Clinical and molecular response to tebentafusp in previously treated patients with metastatic uveal melanoma: a phase 2 trial." 04/01/2022 - "In this review, we discuss the latest study results for tebentafusp and outline how it works as a treatment for uveal melanoma." 04/01/2022 - "However, the most recent phase III study results for tebentafusp, a member of a new-in-class molecule, are raising hopes for stage IV uveal melanoma patients. " 11/27/2021 - "Recently, a randomized phase III trial reported an overall survival benefit for tebentafusp in patients with untreated metastatic uveal melanoma. "
6.	NivolumabIBA 10/01/2021 - "In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of nivolumab in metastatic uveal melanoma patients. " 10/01/2021 - "In our multi-center study, the files of patients who received nivolumab treatment with a diagnosis of metastatic uveal melanoma were retrospectively reviewed and their information was recorded. " 10/01/2021 - "Nivolumab for metastatic uveal melanoma: a multicenter, retrospective study." 01/01/2021 - "Pregnancy in a patient with metastatic uveal melanoma treated with nivolumab." 10/01/2019 - "We present a 48-year-old woman affected by metastatic uveal melanoma treated with nivolumab (3 mg/kg every 2 weeks). "
7.	AZD 6244IBA 07/01/2013 - "Selumetinib shows promise in metastatic uveal melanoma." 01/01/2018 - "Selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) is an oral, potent, and selective MEK1/2 inhibitor with a short half-life, which demonstrated single-agent activity in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma in a randomized phase II trial. " 06/01/2016 - "Selumetinib for the treatment of metastatic uveal melanoma: past and future perspectives." 06/10/2015 - "Treatment with selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886), a MEK1/2 inhibitor, results in antitumour effects in uveal melanoma pre-clinical models. " 06/18/2014 - "In this hypothesis-generating study of patients with advanced uveal melanoma, selumetinib compared with chemotherapy resulted in a modestly improved progression-free survival and response rate; however, no improvement in overall survival was observed. "
8.	Gemcitabine FDA Link 02/01/2014 - "The role of Bax and Bcl-2 in gemcitabine-mediated cytotoxicity in uveal melanoma cells." 11/02/2022 - "We further confirm the exquisite activity of gemcitabine in an MBD4-deficient co-clinical model as (i) it completely prevented the development of an MBD4-deficient uveal melanoma patient-derived xenograft and (ii) treatment in the corresponding patient resulted in an exceptional tumor response. " 10/01/2005 - "This trial investigated the efficacy of gemcitabine plus treosulfan in metastatic uveal melanoma. " 12/01/2006 - "A randomized phase II trial of gemcitabine plus treosulfan versus treosulfan alone in patients with metastatic uveal melanoma." 06/06/2005 - "Phase I trial combining gemcitabine and treosulfan in advanced cutaneous and uveal melanoma patients."
9.	Bevacizumab (Avastin)FDA Link 01/01/2020 - "Retrospective single-center study of plaque-irradiated uveal melanoma with prophylactic intravitreal bevacizumab at 4-month intervals from July 2000 to January 2018. " 02/01/2013 - "Combination of bevacizumab and irradiation on uveal melanoma: an in vitro and in vivo preclinical study." 02/01/2021 - "Rapid growth of primary uveal melanoma following intravitreal bevacizumab injection: a case report and review of the literature." 01/01/2020 - "Prophylactic bevacizumab was administered between 2008 and 2018 to 1131 eyes with irradiated uveal melanoma (bevacizumab group) and compared with 117 eyes with irradiated uveal melanoma between 2007 and 2009 (no bevacizumab [historical control] group). " 01/01/2020 - "To determine visual outcome following prophylactic intravitreal bevacizumab in patients with plaque-irradiated uveal melanoma. "
10.	pembrolizumabIBA 07/01/2019 - "Pembrolizumab as first-line treatment for metastatic uveal melanoma." 01/01/2020 - "Nine uveal melanoma patients were treated in the EAP with 2mg/kg pembrolizumab every 3 weeks. " 01/01/2020 - "Pembrolizumab for the treatment of uveal melanoma: A case series." 11/01/2018 - "Complete response to pembrolizumab after initial progress in a patient with metastatic uveal melanoma." 01/01/2016 - "Herein we report our experience with 10 patients with metastatic uveal melanoma (MUM) who received pembrolizumab. "

Therapies and Procedures

1.	Therapeutics 01/01/1989 - "The results obtained have shown beta therapy to be effective in some cases of uveal melanoma T3, this allowing to widen indications to organ-preserving treatment." 01/01/2023 - "Until January 2022, no systemic therapy had received regulatory approval for patients with metastatic uveal melanoma, and these patients have historically had a dismal prognosis owing to the limited efficacy of the available treatments. " 01/01/2021 - "The extent to which uveal melanoma is cured by ocular therapy is not known. " 01/01/2015 - "Uveal melanoma: evidence for efficacy of therapy." 11/15/2023 - "Our study also identified an LKB1-loss gene signature for the survival prognostic of patients with uveal melanoma that may be also predictive of response to the therapy combination. "
2.	Brachytherapy 01/01/2005 - "125I brachytherapy yields good results in cases of uveal melanoma, however it's associated with post radiation complications." 09/01/2006 - "Brachytherapy is a well-established, effective treatment for uveal melanoma with a failure rate of 15%. " 09/01/2006 - "Brachytherapy is a well-established, effective treatment for uveal melanoma with a failure rate of 15%. " 05/01/2018 - "Plaque brachytherapy for posterior uveal melanoma in 2018: improved techniques and expanded indications." 08/17/2023 - "These results from the study indicate that this new patient-reported outcome instrument can be used with patients treated with brachytherapy for uveal melanoma. "
3.	Radiotherapy 12/01/2017 - "Different modalities of radiation therapy nowadays allow for effective treatment of uveal melanoma combined with the advantage of eye preservation. " 09/11/2020 - "Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of external scleral plaque radiotherapy (PRT) in the treatment of uveal melanoma (UM). " 10/01/2013 - "Primary uveal melanoma can be cured by surgery or radiotherapy, but the metastatic disease is treatment refractory. " 11/01/2009 - "A retrospective study was performed to demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of 3-fraction image-guided robotic stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT) for uveal melanoma. " 08/01/2022 - "The aim of our study is to evaluate local tumour control rates, radiation side-effects, visual preservation and disease-free survival (DFS) of uveal melanoma (UM) patients treated with fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (fSRT). "
4.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy) 04/25/2022 - "Chemotherapy resistance poses an obstacle for effective treatment of uveal melanoma. " 11/01/2020 - "The study was designed to create a primary cell culture of uveal melanoma and to evaluate its resistance to chemotherapy. " 07/01/1998 - "This paper reviews major studies that evaluated different treatment options for metastatic uveal melanoma, including surgery, systemic chemotherapy, intra-arterial chemotherapy, chemoembolisation and chemoimmunotherapy. " 01/01/2023 - "Despite the effective primary treatment, up to 50% of patients with uveal melanoma will develop metastatic lesions mainly in the liver, which are resistant to conventional chemotherapy and lead to patient's death. " 08/01/2022 - "Anti-angiogenesis drug therapy is ineffective in treating uveal melanoma since it only targets angiogenesis leaving vasculogenic mimicry aside. "
5.	Immunotherapy 01/01/2018 - "Efficacy of Immunotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Mucosal or Uveal Melanoma." 06/01/2021 - "Clinical Trials in Metastatic Uveal Melanoma: Immunotherapy." 12/01/2015 - "These results may help the development and monitoring of immunotherapy and studies of immune surveillance in uveal melanoma. " 10/15/2023 - "These findings highlight the potential of immunotherapy in treating metastatic uveal melanoma." 08/10/2023 - "Current immunotherapies are unsatisfactory against uveal melanoma (UM); however, elevated CD8+ T cell infiltration level indicates poor prognosis in UM. "