acetyl- prolyl- histidyl- seryl- cysteinyl- asparaginamide

04/20/2003 - "Liver tumors in the ATN-161 and ATN-161+5-FU groups had significantly fewer microvessels (p<0.05) than tumors in the control or 5-FU-treated groups. "
01/15/2000 - "MLL tumor cryosections immunostained with anti-PECAM-1 showed that Ac-PHSCN-NH2 inhibited neovascularization by 12-fold during this time. "
01/15/2000 - "MLL tumor growth in rats treated with Ac-PHSCN-NH2 beginning 1 day after MLL cell injection was reduced by 99.9% during the first 16 days of treatment, although subsequent tumor growth occurred. "
01/15/2000 - "with 100,000 MLL cells were treated systemically by i.v. injection three times weekly with 1 mg of either Ac-PHSCN-NH2 or Ac-HSPNC-NH2 beginning 24 h later, three times weekly with 1 mg of Ac-PHSCN-NH2 beginning only after surgery to remove large (2 cm) MLL tumors, or were left untreated. "
06/05/2006 - "These findings suggest that ATN-161 should be investigated further as an antiangiogenic and antimetastatic cancer agent alone or with chemotherapy."

01/15/2000 - "Thus, Ac-PHSCN-NH2 may be a potent antitumorigenic and antimetastatic agent for postsurgical use prior to extensive metastasis."
09/01/2006 - "Treatment with ATN-161 caused a significant dose-dependent decrease in tumor volume and either completely blocked or caused a marked decrease in the incidence and number of skeletal as well as soft tissue metastases. "
09/01/2006 - "These studies show that ATN-161 can block breast cancer growth and metastasis, and provides a rationale for the clinical development of ATN-161 for the treatment of breast cancer."
04/20/2003 - "We hypothesized that a novel integrin alpha(5)beta(1) antagonist, ATN-161, would inhibit angiogenesis and growth of liver metastases in a murine model. "
08/22/2018 - "BACKGROUND ATN-161 (Ac-PHSCN-NH2), an antagonist of integrin α5β1, has shown an important influence in inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and metastasis of other tumor types. "

11/01/2021 - "In continuation with our previous findings, here we have further evaluated the therapeutic potential of ATN-161 on SARS-CoV-2 infection in k18-hACE2 transgenic (SARS-CoV-2 susceptible) mice in vivo. "
11/01/2021 - "In Vivo protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection by ATN-161 in k18-hACE2 transgenic mice."
11/01/2021 - "To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study demonstrating the potential therapeutic efficacy of targeting integrin α5β1 in SARS-CoV-2 infection in vivo and supports the development of ATN-161 as a novel SARS-CoV-2 therapy."
07/24/2020 - "This work focuses on inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 entry through a hypothesized α5β1 integrin-based mechanism, and indicates that inhibiting the spike protein interaction with α5β1 integrin (+/- ACE2), and the interaction between α5β1 integrin and ACE2 using a molecule ATN-161 represents a promising approach to treat COVID-19."
01/01/2021 - "The Integrin Binding Peptide, ATN-161, as a Novel Therapy for SARS-CoV-2 Infection."

12/01/2021 - "ATN-161 Ameliorates Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Oxidative Stress, Fibro-inflammation, Mitochondrial damage, and Apoptosis-mediated Tight Junction Disruption in bEnd.3 Cells."
01/01/2020 - "Collectively, ATN-161 may be a promising novel stroke therapy by reducing post-stroke inflammation and BBB permeability."
06/01/2007 - "ATN-161 effectively decreases angiogenesis as well as clinical severity and histological inflammation in IL10(-/-) mice but not in the DDS model of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). "
12/01/2021 - "In continuation with our previous findings, we have further evaluated the mechanistic role of ATN-161 in vitro and found that oxygen and glucose deprivation and reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced inflammation, oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial depolarization, and fibrosis attenuate tight junction integrity via induction of α5, NLRP3, p-FAK, and p-AKT signaling in mouse brain endothelial cells. "
12/01/2021 - "In addition, inhibition of α5β1 by the small peptide noncompetitive integrin α5 inhibitor, ATN-161, is beneficial in a mouse model of ischemic stroke through reduction of infarct volume, edema, stabilization of the BBB, and reduced inflammation and immune cell infiltration into the brain. "

01/01/2022 - "Here, we report that hNSC-engrafted brains with or without ATN-161 showed significantly reduced infarct size, and attenuated the induction of proinflammatory factors and matrix metalloproteases. "
01/01/2020 - "ATN-161 significantly reduced integrin α5β1 expression in the surrounding peri-infarct region with no systemic changes. "
12/01/2021 - "In addition, inhibition of α5β1 by the small peptide noncompetitive integrin α5 inhibitor, ATN-161, is beneficial in a mouse model of ischemic stroke through reduction of infarct volume, edema, stabilization of the BBB, and reduced inflammation and immune cell infiltration into the brain. "