stonustoxin

MW 148000 protein composed of two subunits with respective MW of 71000 and 79000; amino acid sequence of beta subunit given in first source; isolated from Synanceja horrida

Also Known As:

Synanceja horrida lethal factor; lethal factor, Synanceja horrida; Stonustoxin

Networked: 3 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 0 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Complex Mixtures: 1906
- Venoms: 4328
  - Fish Venoms: 14
    - stonustoxin: 3
Biological Factors: 2472
- Biological Toxins: 20
  - Venoms: 4328
    - Fish Venoms: 14
      - stonustoxin: 3
  - Marine Toxins: 124
    - Fish Venoms: 14
      - stonustoxin: 3

Related Diseases

1.	Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure) 01/01/1998 - "Stonustoxin from Synanceia horrida exerts its action through NO-synthase liberation, and its primary action can be attributed to its potent vasorelaxant activity, causing a rapid, marked and irreversible hypotension. " 11/01/1993 - "Stonustoxin, a lethal protein recently isolated from the venom of the stonefish Synanceja horrida produced hypotension and, at concentrations above 20 micrograms/kg, death in anaesthetized rats, with no observable effects on nerve-evoked twitches of the tibialis and diaphragm muscles. "
2.	Contracture 05/01/1994 - "The inhibition of neuromuscular function by stonustoxin in the mouse hemidiaphragm and chick biventer cervicis muscle can therefore be attributed to some irreversible myotoxic action(s) of the toxin, whereas the stonustoxin-induced muscle contractures could have been mediated via depolarization of muscle fibres." 05/01/1994 - "Stonustoxin (8-50 micrograms/ml) produced a rapid and concentration-dependent rise in tension (contracture) of the electrically stimulated mouse hemidiaphragm followed by a gradual waning of tension from the peak to the baseline; the nerve-evoked and the directly (muscle)-evoked twitches of the hemidiaphragm were also progressively and irreversibly blocked in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. " 05/01/1994 - "The muscle contracture produced by stonustoxin was blocked by dantrolene sodium (6 microM) but not by tubocurarine (15 microM). " 05/01/1994 - "Stonustoxin (22 and 44 micrograms/ml) produced a similar rapid rise in tension of the chick biventer cervicis muscle as well as irreversible and concentration-dependent blockade of nerve-evoked twitches and contractures produced by acetylcholine (200 microM), carbachol (8 microM) and KCl (40 mM). "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Nitric Oxide Synthase (NO Synthase)
2.	Venoms
3.	Vasodilator Agents (Vasodilators)
4.	Tubocurarine (Tubocurarine Chloride)
5.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
6.	Dantrolene (Dantrium)
7.	Carbachol (Carbastat)
8.	Acetylcholine (Acetylcholine Chloride)