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aminophenylacetylleucine (APAL)

structure given in first source

Also Known As:

APAL; alpha-aminophenylacetyl-Leu

Networked: 20 relevant articles (0 outcomes, 3 trials/studies)

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins: 1
- Amino Acids: 30675
  - Branched-Chain Amino Acids: 2289
    - Leucine: 6718
      - aminophenylacetylleucine: 20
  - Essential Amino Acids: 1152
    - Leucine: 6718
      - aminophenylacetylleucine: 20

Experts

1.	Armstrong, Cameron M: 1 article (01/2021)
2.	Evans, Christopher P: 1 article (01/2021)
3.	Gao, Allen C: 1 article (01/2021)
4.	Li, Pui-Kai: 1 article (01/2021)
5.	Liu, Chengfei: 1 article (01/2021)
6.	Lombard, Alan P: 1 article (01/2021)
7.	Lou, Wei: 1 article (01/2021)
8.	Ning, Shu: 1 article (01/2021)
9.	Tepper, Clifford G: 1 article (01/2021)
10.	Wu, Chun-Yi: 1 article (01/2021)

Related Diseases

1.	Duodenal Ulcer (Curling's Ulcer) 04/10/1999 - "HLA-DQA1 typing was carried out by digesting the locus specific polymerase chain reaction amplified products with alleles specific restriction enzymes (PCR-RFLP), Apal I, Basj I, Hph I, Fok I, Mbo II and Mnl I. RESULTS: The allele frequency of DQA1 0301 in patients with duodenal ulcer (64.3%) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (36%). " 04/01/1999 - "HLA-DQA1 typing was carried out by digesting the locus specific polymerase chain reaction amplified products with alleles specific restriction enzymes (PCR-RFLP), Apal I, Basj I, Hph I, Fok I, Mbo II and Mnl I. The allele frequency of DQA1 0301 in patients with duodenal ulcer (64.3%) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (36%). " 02/01/2000 - "AIM:To study the genetic susceptibility of HLA-DQA1 alleles to duodenal ulcer in Wuhan Hans.METHODS:Seventy patients with duodenal ulcer and fifty healthy controls were examined for HLA-DQA1 genotypes.HLA-DQA1 typing was carried out by digesting the locus specific polymerase chain reaction amplified products with alleles specific restriction enzymes (PCR-RFLP), i.e.,Apal I, Bsaj- I, Hph I, Fok I, Mbo II and Mnl I.RESULTS:The allele frequencies of DQA10301 and DQA1-0102 in patients with duodenal ulcer were significantly higher and lower respectively than those in healthy controls (0.40 vs 0.20, P = 0.003, P(corret) = 0.024) and (0.05 vs 0.14, P = 0.012, but P(corret) > 0.05), respectively.CONCLUSION: DQA1(*)0301 is a susceptible gene for duodenal ulcer in Wuhan Hans, and there are immunogenetic differences in HLA-DQA1 locus between duodenal ulcer patients and healthy controls."
2.	Periodontitis 01/01/2019 - "The aim: To study the association of the Apal-polymorphism VDR gene with the development of generalized periodontitis in the Ukrainian population. " 09/01/2019 - "The VDR Apal variant, however, was not correlated with periodontitis." 01/01/2019 - "By the method of binary logistic regression in the framework of the additive inheritance model (a/A vs a/a), a reliable relationship of the genotype with the Apal-polymorphism of the VDR gene was established with the development of generalized periodontitis (Р=0,029). " 01/01/2019 - "The association of its genetic polymorphisms, in particular Apal, with periodontitis in different populations of the world is proved. "
3.	Genetic Predisposition to Disease (Genetic Predisposition) 02/01/2000 - "AIM:To study the genetic susceptibility of HLA-DQA1 alleles to duodenal ulcer in Wuhan Hans.METHODS:Seventy patients with duodenal ulcer and fifty healthy controls were examined for HLA-DQA1 genotypes.HLA-DQA1 typing was carried out by digesting the locus specific polymerase chain reaction amplified products with alleles specific restriction enzymes (PCR-RFLP), i.e.,Apal I, Bsaj- I, Hph I, Fok I, Mbo II and Mnl I.RESULTS:The allele frequencies of DQA10301 and DQA1-0102 in patients with duodenal ulcer were significantly higher and lower respectively than those in healthy controls (0.40 vs 0.20, P = 0.003, P(corret) = 0.024) and (0.05 vs 0.14, P = 0.012, but P(corret) > 0.05), respectively.CONCLUSION: DQA1(*)0301 is a susceptible gene for duodenal ulcer in Wuhan Hans, and there are immunogenetic differences in HLA-DQA1 locus between duodenal ulcer patients and healthy controls."
4.	Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (Exomphalos Macroglossia Gigantism Syndrome) 10/01/1993 - "To study insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) imprinting in BWS (Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, an overgrowth syndrome associated with Wilms and other embryonal tumours), we examined allele-specific expression using an Apal polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region of IGF2. "
5.	Prostatic Neoplasms (Prostate Cancer) 06/15/2009 - "Stratified analysis by ethnicity revealed that the Apal a allele was associated with reduced prostate cancer risk only among Asian populations, whereas the Fokl f allele showed a trend of increased prostate cancer risk only among Caucasian populations in a dominant model, independent of tumor stage (local or advanced). " 07/01/2004 - "We therefore studied VDR gene polymorphisms, as detected by Apal and Taql restriction fragments, in multiethnic Brazilian men (165 patients and 200 controls) for association with prostate cancer risk and parameters of disease severity (serum PSA, Gleason score and tumor stage). " 06/15/2009 - "To update data on the role of vitamin D receptor (VDR) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in susceptibility to prostate cancer, we performed a meta-analysis of 36 eligible publications on the association of Taql, Apal, Bsml, Fokl and CDX2 SNPs of the VDR gene with prostate cancer risk. " 01/01/2021 - "Targeting androgen signaling with the second-generation anti-androgen drugs, such as enzalutamide (Enza), abiraterone (Abi), apalutamide (Apal), and darolutamide (Daro), is the mainstay for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Enzymes
2.	HLA-DQA1 antigen (HLA DQA1)
3.	Insulin-Like Peptides
4.	3' Untranslated Regions (3' UTR)
5.	Calcitriol Receptors (Calcitriol Receptor)
6.	Long Noncoding RNA
7.	Cadherins (E-Cadherin)
8.	Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator (Urokinase)
9.	Steroids
10.	RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Drug Therapy (Chemotherapy)
2.	Castration