protein S precursor

05/01/1989 - "Pre-S proteins in hepatitis B."
11/01/1987 - "[Pre-S proteins in hepatitis B]."
07/01/1988 - "This study confirmed the high amount of pre-S proteins as well as poly-albumin receptors in purified Dane particles and sera of patients with acute hepatitis B. "
05/01/1987 - "Quantitative studies of the hepatitis B viral pre-S proteins: lack of correlation with the HBeAg status."
05/09/1985 - "The results presented here provide unambiguous evidence that all three env encoded proteins are present in HBV particles; synthetic peptides corresponding to the gene encoding pre-S are highly immunogenic and can be used in diagnostic tests for detection in human sera of antibodies preferentially recognizing HBV; such antibodies, specific for pre-S determinants, are elicited during hepatitis B infection and by immunization with HBV proteins (2) and (3); the hepatitis B vaccine licensed in the United States does not contain pre-S proteins; and the pre-S proteins of the HBV envelope contain domains specifically recognized by liver cells. "

10/01/1989 - "These results indicate that pre-S proteins in serum and the membranous display of pre-S2 on hepatocytes of patients with chronic HBV infection refect active viral replication, but their expression does not correlate with disease activity."
06/01/1989 - "Our results also indicated that pre-S proteins expression in serum can serve as markers of HBV infection, but cannot be used to estimate the severity and activity of hepatic pathology."
06/01/1989 - "However, the frequency was slightly higher in liver than in serum, suggesting that it may be clinically valuable to detect pre-S proteins in serum and liver simultaneously to determine the status of HBV infection. "
06/01/1989 - "Furthermore, it reached 87.8% and 77.6%, respectively, in cases with chronic HBV infection, indicating that pre-S proteins are usually expressed in sera with chronic HBV infection. "
10/01/1990 - "To investigate whether pre-S proteins in serum might have additional diagnostic and/or predictive value for liver sequelae in HBV infection, sera from six different serological groups of patients with HBV markers (total number 363) and different manifestations of liver histology were examined for the presence of pre-S1 and pre-S2 proteins using micro-ELISAs. "

10/01/1989 - "Pre-S proteins in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: markers of active viral infection."
03/01/1994 - "Deletion mutants of hepatitis B virus (HBV) pre-S proteins were detected in serum in 2 of 10 (20%) individuals with chronic hepatitis B infection following the initiation of interferon treatment. "
06/01/1989 - "To assess the significance of pre-S proteins expression during chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, we developed a sensitive labeled avidin biotin ELISA to detect pre-S1 and pre-S2 proteins. "

08/01/1989 - "In chronic viral type B hepatitis, the presence in the serum of pre-S proteins of hepatitis B virus (HBV) envelope reflects viral replication. "
05/01/1987 - "Contrary to previously published data, it was found that there is no correlation between the presence of the pre-S proteins and the HBeAg status of the plasma, but that the ability to detect the pre-S proteins is only a function of the hepatitis surface antigen titre of the plasma. "

10/01/1989 - "Pre-S proteins in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: markers of active viral infection."