dopachrome isomerase

decarboxylates & converts dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole; does not convert the latter to indole-5,6-quinone; a melanoma-associated antigen; found in human & mouse hairbulbs; RefSeq NM_001922 (human), NM_010024 (mouse)

Also Known As:

3,4-dihydroxyphenylalaninechrome tautomerase; DCT protein, human; Dct protein, mouse; MIF-2 protein, human; TRP-2 protein, tyrosinase-related; TRP2 protein, mouse; TYRP2 protein, human; Tyrosinase-related protein 2, human; Tyrp2 protein, mouse; dopachrome conversion factor; dopachrome oxidoreductase; dopachrome tautomerase; dopachrome tautomerase (dopachrome delta-isomerase, tyrosine-related protein 2), human; slaty protein, mouse; tyrosinase-related protein-2; tyrosinase-related protein-2, mouse

Networked: 155 relevant articles (7 outcomes, 11 trials/studies)

Relationship Network

Bio-Agent Context: Research Results

Enzymes and Coenzymes: 1
- Enzymes: 152586
  - Isomerases: 463
    - Intramolecular Oxidoreductases
      - dopachrome isomerase: 155

Experts

1.	Bucala, Richard: 9 articles (12/2021 - 08/2008)
2.	Leng, Lin: 6 articles (01/2020 - 09/2016)
3.	Bramson, Jonathan L: 5 articles (01/2016 - 10/2009)
4.	Wan, Yonghong: 5 articles (07/2012 - 07/2007)
5.	Fagone, Paolo: 4 articles (01/2021 - 10/2019)
6.	Nicoletti, Ferdinando: 4 articles (01/2021 - 10/2019)
7.	Lichty, Brian D: 4 articles (01/2020 - 10/2009)
8.	Piecychna, Marta: 4 articles (01/2020 - 09/2016)
9.	Iwata, Takeo: 3 articles (08/2021 - 12/2012)
10.	Cavalli, Eugenio: 3 articles (01/2021 - 10/2019)

Related Diseases

1.	Melanoma (Melanoma, Malignant) 07/01/2007 - "Immunization of mice with human dopachrome tautomerase (hDCT) provides greater protection against melanoma than immunization with the murine homologue (mDCT). " 06/01/2014 - "Lesional biopsies were stained with human melanoma black-45 and tyrosinase-related protein-2 to demonstrate the melanocyte lineage. " 04/15/2010 - "Immunizing against a melanoma-associated Ag, dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), which normal melanocytes and glial cells also express, allowed concurrent analysis of autoimmune consequences in multiple tissues. " 10/01/2009 - "We constructed a recombinant VSV expressing human dopachrome tautomerase (hDCT) and evaluated its immunogenicity in a murine melanoma model. " 03/01/2007 - "Confirmation of the etiologic role of GRM1 in melanoma development was shown in a second transgenic line with GRM1 expression under the regulation of a melanocyte-specific dopachrome tautomerase promoter. "
2.	Experimental Melanoma 03/25/2005 - "Tyrosinase-related protein-2 and -1 are trafficked on distinct routes in B16 melanoma cells." 11/01/1999 - "Tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP2) is an attractive model antigen for preclinical studies in C57BL/6 mice because it is naturally expressed by the murine B16 melanoma and can be recognized by self-reactive cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL). " 09/01/1985 - "Dopachrome conversion factor, purified from Cloudman S91 melanoma cells, converts dopachrome, which is orange, to a colorless compound. " 09/01/1985 - "Synthesis in vitro of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid by dopachrome conversion factor from Cloudman S91 melanoma cells." 03/15/2001 - "DCs pulsed with KLH and mouse tyrosinase-related protein-2 peptide results in enhanced reduction of B16 melanoma metastases; the effect is most pronounced in a setting where tyrosinase-related protein-2 peptide-pulsed DCs alone are completely ineffective. "
3.	Neoplasms (Cancer) 06/01/2014 - "Value of dopachrome tautomerase detection in the assessment of melanocytic tumors." 05/01/2003 - "To confirm the involvement of Grm1 in melanocytic neoplasia, we created an additional transgenic line with Grm1 expression driven by the dopachrome tautomerase promoter. " 03/01/2008 - "Melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 (MART-1) and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2) are two useful markers for immunohistochemical detection of melanocytic tumors. " 12/01/2023 - "qRT-PCR confirmed an increased expression of genes encoding an important protein in chemotherapy resistance (dopachrome tautomerase, DCT) and tumor progression (forkhead box M1, FOXM1), and decreased expression of a tumor suppression gene (N-myc downstream-regulated gene 2, NDRG2) in LOM, concordant with transcriptome results. " 11/01/2016 - "D-dopachrome tautomerase is over-expressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and acts cooperatively with macrophage migration inhibitory factor to promote cancer growth."
4.	Inflammation (Inflammations) 03/16/1999 - "Therefore, interest in the structure-function relationship between D-dopachrome tautomerase and MIF has increased, especially with regard to inflammation and immune responses. " 08/14/2022 - "D-dopachrome tautomerase drives astroglial inflammation via NF-κB signaling following spinal cord injury." 01/01/2017 - "D-dopachrome tautomerase in adipose tissue inflammation and wound repair." 06/11/2021 - "D-dopachrome tautomerase activates COX2/PGE2 pathway of astrocytes to mediate inflammation following spinal cord injury." 06/01/2003 - "UVB-induced inflammation gives increased d-dopachrome tautomerase activity in blister fluid which correlates with macrophage migration inhibitory factor."
5.	Multiple Sclerosis 01/01/2018 - "Genetic Variant rs755622 Regulates Expression of the Multiple Sclerosis Severity Modifier D-Dopachrome Tautomerase in a Sex-Specific Way." 10/01/2019 - "Upregulated Expression of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor, Its Analogue D-Dopachrome Tautomerase, and the CD44 Receptor in Peripheral CD4 T Cells from Clinically Isolated Syndrome Patients with Rapid Conversion to Clinical Defined Multiple Sclerosis." 10/03/2017 - "Little is known about mechanisms that drive the development of progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), although inflammatory factors, such as macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), its homolog D-dopachrome tautomerase (D-DT), and their common receptor CD74 may contribute to disease worsening. " 12/01/2021 - "Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF-1) and its homologue d-dopachrome tautomerase (MIF-2) share the common CD74 receptor and function innately to enhance severity of multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model for MS. We previously demonstrated that genetically high-MIF-expressing male subjects with relapsing MS had a significantly greater risk of conversion to progressive MS (PMS) than lower-MIF-expressing males. " 10/01/2019 - "Background and objectives: Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) and D-Dopachrome Tautomerase (DDT) are two pleiotropic and primarily, but not exclusively, proinflammatory cytokines belonging to the MIF family of cytokines that have recently been shown to be implicated in the pathogenesis of progressive forms of human progressive Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and the experimental model counterpart in rodents. "

Related Drugs and Biologics

1.	Monophenol Monooxygenase (Tyrosinase)
2.	Antigens
3.	Vaccines
4.	Proteins (Proteins, Gene)
5.	Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors
6.	Endothelin-1 (Endothelin 1)
7.	Melanins (Melanin)
8.	Enzymes
9.	alpha-MSH
10.	A-Form DNA (A-DNA)

Related Therapies and Procedures

1.	Immunotherapy
2.	Liver Transplantation
3.	Nephrectomy
4.	Ligation
5.	Subcutaneous Injections